• BMB Reports
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.129-137
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• 1995

The ryanodine-receptor $Ca^{2+}$ release channel protein in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane of rabbit skeletal muscle plays an important role in muscle exitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. Various types of detergents were tested, including Chaps, cholate, octylglucoside, Zwittergents, Mega-9, Lubrol PX, and Triton X-100 for solubilization of this protein. Among these, Chaps and Triton X-100 were found to optionally solubilize the channel complex. Optimum conditions for this solubilization were pH 7.4 with a salt concentration of 1 M. The addition of phospholipid in the solubilization step helped in stabilizing the protein. The purification of the receptor was performed using sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Various methods [dilution, freeze-thaw, adsorption (Biobeads), and dialysis] were investigated to incorporate the Chaps-solubilized and purified $Ca^{2+}$ release channel protein into liposomes made from different types of phospholipids. Of these, a combined method consisting of a dialysis, freeze-thaw and sonication steps yielded the best results. Reconstituted vesicles produced by this method with 95% phosphatidylcholine (from soybean extract) had good function.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.415-425
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• 2000

It is well known that the lifetime incidence of low back pain is extraordinarily high, but those who incur the majority of the cost, both personally and financially, are the chronic pain. Stabilization programmers attracted our interest, with their aims of using the muscle system to protect spinal joint structures from further repetitive microtrauma, recurrent pain and degerative change. In overviewing the stabilizing role of the trunk and back mucles our attention became focused on muscles which controlled the lumbar and lumbosacral joints rather than on muscles which span the spine from the thorax to pelvis. It was considered that muscles such as the lumbar multifidus, transversus abdominis, and possibly also parts of the obliquus internus abdominis, would most likely function to stabilize the segments of the lumbar spine. In order to check if these muscles were functioning in low back pain patients, it was necessary to devise specific muscle tests. The new concept involves exercises using only relatively low activity levels in the muscles. More emphasis is placed on a motor skill which has to be relearned, practised and then gradully incorporated back into functional movement.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2015

As expected, the expression of denitrifying genes in a Typha wetland (relatively stagnant compared to other ponds), showing higher nitrogen removal efficiency in summer, was affected by temperature. The abundance and gene transcripts of nitrate reductase (narG), nitrite reductase (nirS), nitric oxide reductase (norB), and nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) genes in seasonal sediment samples taken from the Acorus and Typha ponds of free surface flow constructed wetlands were investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (Q-RT-PCR). Denitrifying gene copy numbers ($10^5-10^8$ genes $g^{-1}$ sediment) were found to be higher than transcript numbers-($10^3-10^7$ transcripts $g^{-1}$ sediment) of the Acorus and Typha ponds, in both seasons. Transcript numbers of the four functional genes were significantly higher for Typha sediments, in the warm than in the cold season, potentially indicating greater bacterial activity, during the relatively warm season than the cold season. In contrast, copy numbers and expression of denitrifying genes of Acorus did not provide a strong correlation between the different seasons.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4311-4317
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• 2014

Background: Nano-biotechnology is recognized as offering revolutionary changes in the field of cancer therapy and biologically synthesized gold nanoparticles are known to have a wide range of medical applications. Materials and Methods: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were biosynthesized with an aqueous extract of the red alga Corallina officinalis, used as a reducing and stabilizing agent. GNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and tested for cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, considering their cytotoxicty and effects on cellular DNA. Results: The biosynthesized GNPs were $14.6{\pm}1nm$ in diameter. FT-IR analysis showed that the hydroxyl functional group from polyphenols and carbonyl group from proteins could assist in formation and stabilization. The GNPs showed potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells, causing necrosis at high concentrations while lower concentrations were without effect as indicated by DNA fragmentation assay. Conclusions: The antitumor activity of the biosynthesized GNPs from the red alga Corallina officinalis against human breast cancer cells may be due to the cytotoxic effects of the gold nanoparticles and the polyphenolcontent of the algal extract.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2008년도 공동학술대회
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• pp.167-172
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• 2008

경북 문경군 가은읍 가은역 일대 석회암 분포 지역에서 지하 공동의 위치 및 발달 양상을 파악하기 위하여 고정밀 중력탐사를 하였다. 측점 간격은 4m로 하여 모두 약 1,100 측점에서 중력을 측정하였다. 잔여 부게 이상도에서 가장 낮은 중력 이상대를 지나는 3개의 측선에 대하여 MS(minimum support) 역산으로 밀도 분포 단면을 작성하였다. 또한, growing body 역산을 이용하여 3차원 밀도 분포 영상을 구하였다. 2차원과 3차원 밀도 분포도는 공동이 발달한 지역을 잘 가리키고 있으며, 석회암이 지하수에 부분적으로 용해되어 복잡한 형태의 공동 시스템을 구성하고 있고 부분적으로는 상당히 얕은 곳까지 발달해 있을 것으로 해석된다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of core stability training at deep abdominal muscle for balance control of hemiplegic patient. Method : The subject of this study was a 47-year-old man with right hemiplegia. He was treated five times a week for three weeks with core stability training at deep abdominal muscles. Evaluation tool was used Functional reach test(FRT), timed up and go test(TUG) and one leg standing for stroke patients. Result : The FRT distance increase, TUG time decrease, one leg standing time increase core stability training at deep abdominal muscles for right hemiplegia improved was the ability for maintain balance. Posture and control of trunk stability are changing posture, and so which showed significant improve of total balance control. Conclusion : The result of this study showed that core stability training at deep abdominal muscles is an effective treatment for balance control. Therefore, it could be considered as a treatment method in the rehabilitation of stroke patient with poor postural control and imbalance, although further studies are needed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2001

To gain further insight into the relationship between structure and function of glutathione S-transferase (GST), the four cysteine mutants, C14S, C47S, C101S and C169S, of human GST P1-1 were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by affinity chromatography on immobilized glutathione (GSH). The catalytic activities of the four mutant enzymes were characterized with five different substrates as well as by their binding to four different inhibitors. Cys14 seems to participate in the catalytic reaction of GST by stabilizing the conformation of the active-site loop, not in the GSH binding directly. The substitution of Cys47 with serine significantly reduces the affinity of GSH binding, although it does not prevent GSH binding. On the other hand, the substitution of Cys101 with serine appears to change the binding affinity of electrophilic substrate by inducing a conformational change of the $\alpha-helix$ D. Cys169 seems to be important for maintaining the stable conformation of the enzyme. In addition, all four cysteine residues are not needed for the steroid isomerase activity of human glutathione S-transferase P1-1.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.80-84
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• 2022

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are considered of great importance due to their high catalytic and antimicrobial activities. This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of CuNPs, and on their antibacterial/antifungal activities. A copper salt (copper sulfate pentahydrate) as precursor, starch as stabilizing agent, and ascorbic acid as reducing agent were used to fabricate CuNPs. The resulting product was characterized via different techniques such as X-ray diffractrometry (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to confirm its characteristic properties. Employing the Scherrer formula, the mean crystallite sizes of copper (Cu) and cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) nanocrystals were found to be 29.21 and 25.33 nm, respectively, as measured from the main X-ray diffraction peaks. The functional groups present in the resulting CuNPs were confirmed by FTIR. In addition, the engineered CuNPs showed antibacterial and antifungal activity against tested pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제2권8호
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• pp.507-516
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• 2013

모바일 디바이스는 크기가 작기 때문에 PC에 비해 컴퓨팅 자원이 부족하여, 높은 복잡도를 가진 애플리케이션을 설치 및 운영하기 어렵다. 그러나, 모바일 디바이스는 풍부한 네트워크 연결 능력이 있어 외부 자원을 사용하기가 용이하므로, 모바일 클라우드 컴퓨팅 (Mobile Cloud Computing, MCC) 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. MCC에서는 주로 기능 컴포넌트를 다른 노드로 오프로딩 (Offloading) 시킴으로써, 모바일 노드의 자원 문제를 해결하는 접근법을 적용한다. 그러나, 현재 진행되고 있는 MCC에 대한 연구는 사전에 결정된 노드로 오프로딩하는 연구만 위주로 진행되고 있으며, 모바일 디바이스가 구독하는 서비스 문제를 해결할 수 없는 한계점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 자율 안정화할 수 있는 MCC를 구현하기 위한 실용적인 프로세스와 품질 안정화 기법을 제안한다. 먼저, 효과적으로 품질을 관리하기 위한 MCC 메타모델을 제시하고, 이를 기반으로 8개의 활동으로 구성된 품질 관리 프로세스를 제안하며, 핵심 활동에 대한 상세 기법을 정의한다. 그리고, 실용적 수준으로 연구가 많이 진행되지 않은 오프로딩 기법을 MCC 메타모델에 제시된 여러 요소들과 상호작용하여 QoS 문제를 효과적으로 해결할 수 있도록 설계한다. 마지막으로 실험을 통해 품질 자율 관리 프로세스의 적절성을 증명한다. MCC의 품질 자율 안정 관리 프로세스와 품질 향상 기법들을 채택함으로써, 클라우드 서비스를 구독하는 모바일 애플리케이션의 품질을 관리하는데 여러 기술적 이슈를 효과적으로 해결할 수 있다. 그리고, MCC에 속한 여러 애플리케이션과 서비스들은 관리자의 개입없이 자율적으로 일정 수준의 품질을 유지할 수 있게 된다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2022

팽이는 국내 생산량이 느타리, 큰느타리 다음으로 많고, 수출량도 버섯 전체 수출량의 60%이상 차지할 정도로 대표적인 버섯이며 가격이 저렴하여 소비자들이 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 품목이다. 그러나 팽이는 소비자들에게는 단순한 부재료로 인식되어 수요를 높이기에는 한계가 있다. 이에 팽이의 소비한계를 극복하고 품종의 차별성을 높이고자 기능성이 강화된 품종 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 팽이의 기호성과 기능성이 높은 육종소재를 발굴하고자 유전자원 26점을 대상으로 아미노산, 무기물을 포함하는 일반 영양성분, 베타글루칸 및 폴리페놀, 지방산 5종 및 GABA 물질까지 분석하였다. 칼슘, 칼륨, 마그네슘과 같은 무기물과 아미노산 15종에서 4148 균주가 가장 함량이 높았다. 면역 활성을 높이는 베타글루칸과 항산화 효능이 있는 폴리페놀은 일부 균주를 제외하고는 유색자원이 흰색자원들에 비해 높은 경향성을 보였다. 지방산은 5가지 중 오메가-6 지방산인 리놀렌산과 오메가3-지방산 중 하나인 알파-리놀렌산이 버섯에서 검출되었으며 특히, 알파-리놀렌산은 느타리 등 5가지 주요버섯에는 없고 팽이에만 유일하게 확인되었다. 신경안정에 도움이 되는 GABA는 유색자원에서는 '아람'(4232) 품종이 15.38 ㎍/ml으로 가장 높았으며, 흰색은 '백승'(4230) 품종이 20.56 ㎍/ml으로 가장 높았다. 본 연구결과는 기능성이 강화된 팽이 신품종을 개발하는데 유용한 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.