• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.103-112
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the current status and components of Korean National Debt and to analyze the effects of each component on National Debt. In the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS), we searched for data such as General Accounting Deficit Conservation, For Foreign Exchange Market Stabilization, For Common Housing Stability, Local Government Net Debt Public Funds, etc that constitute National Debt. The analysis period used a total of 23 annual data from 1997 to 2019. The data collected in this study use the rate of change compared to the previous year for each component. Using this, this study attempted index analysis, numerical analysis, and model analysis. Correlation analysis result, the National Debt has a high relationship with the For Common Housing Stability. For Foreign Exchange Market Stabilization, Public Funds, etc., but has a low relationship with the Local Government Net Debt. Since 1997, National Debt has been increasing similarly to the For Foreign Exchange Market Stabilization, For Common Housing Stability and Public Funds etc. Since 2020, Korea is expected to increase significantly in terms of For Common Housing Stability and Public Funds, etc due to Corona19. At a time when the global economic situation is difficult, Korea's National Debt is expected to increase significantly due to the use of national disaster subsidies. However, if possible, the government expects to operate efficiently for economic growth and financial market stability.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.597-602
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• 2005

Quality factors of emulsified ginseng drink were determined during storage at various temperatures, and its shelf-life was predicted based on changes in emulsion stability, acidify, viscosity, and yellowness. Viscosity was highly dependent on storage temperature. Emulsion stability changed rapidly during early storage period (1st step), then slowly thereafter (2nd step). $Q_{10}$ values of emulsion stability were 2.50 and 1.38 for 1st and 2nd steps, respectively. Viscosity, acidity, and yellowness showed $Q_{10}$ values of 3.45, 1.77, and 1.99, respectively. Although $Q_{10}$ value of 2 has been generally used to predict shelf stability of food materials, our results suggest adopting same $Q_{10}$ value to predict shelf stability of emulsified ginseng drink is not appropriate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.478-484
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• 2019

The submarine cable for Yongsu wave power plant was cut in 2014 winter. This study investigated the probability of high-wave occurrence exceeding the 50-year return period and the underestimation of armor unit weight used to protect the cable. The observation data from KMA buoy and the hindcast wave data were reviewed to determine the return period of wave height during the winter. In order to investigate the armor unit weight of cable-protection, we calculated the required weight of armor unit using not only Design Standard for Harbor and Fishery Port, but also the previous researches for the wave with large incident angle. As a result, it appeared that the high wave exceeding the 50-year return period did not occur during the winter of 2014 and the armor unit weight of the cable protection was not sufficient to sustain the obliquely incident wave, which induced the cable protection failure.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.3 s.99
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• pp.281-287
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• 2007

In this study, we explored the characteristics of a Chinese cabbage kimchi sauce, which was made from natural pigments, according to the preservation period. There were no significant changes in pH and total acidity and the color of the sauce with added natural pigments demonstrated stability. Also, vitamin C and the change of viscosity decreased as the preservation period increased. A although the number of lactic acid bacteria decreased over a 20 day period, a certain level was sustained for 91 days. Lastly, the sensory properties of the sauce were not significantly different according to the preservation period.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 2013

In this study, the tests were carried out for the behavior according to method of constrained nail head of slope reinforced with soil nail under dynamic loading, by using shaking table. Shaking table tests were carried out by applying Hachinohe seismic wave having the long-period characteristics and Ofunato seismic wave having short-period characteristics, as changing constrained and unconstrained condition of nail head, and so on. Failure mode, ground acceleration characteristics, vertical displacement and horizontal displacement of slope were compared and analyzed on the basis of results obtained from the test. Results of carrying out shaking table test showed that both short-period wave and long-period wave had large effects on slope, and constraint of nail head was found to have large shear resistance for dynamic load. And it was confirmed that stability of slope under seismic loading was largely improved by constrained head of soil nail.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 1997

Between May, 1994 and December, 1995, 122 adult cardiac surgical procedures requiring cardiopulmonary bypa s were performed at Kang Dong Sacred Heart Hospital, including 18 cases(14.8%) that were associated with preoperative(n:9), intraoperative(n=7), postoperative(n:2) use of an IABP (intra-aortic balloon pump). The reasons for IABP were low cardiac output and PTCA(percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) failure in preoperative period, CPB(cardiopulmonary bypass) weaning difficulty in intraoperative period, and intractable arrhythmia in postoperative period. The mean age of the IABP patients was 61.8 $\pm$ 6.9 years(range, 39 to 75years). The overall hospital mortalities in patients with preoperative and intraoperative IABP insertion were 3 and 42.9% respectively. Two patients with postoperative IABP insertion are alive. The rate of IABP weaning is 66.7% for preoperative group, 85.7% for intraoperative group and 100% for postoperative group . In conclusion, if there were no irreversible myocardial damages, IABP could be used safely and emergently at any perioperative period for hemo ynamic stability, CPB weaning, and to overcome low cardiac output syndrome.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.76-85
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• 2000

Effects of the random fluctuation in grating half-period have been studied by an effective index transfer matrix method in DFB lasers. The laser facets are assumed to be perfectly antireflection coated, and the period fluctuation is modeled as a Gaussian random variable. The random fluctuation breaks spectral symmetry in both uniform-grating and quarter-wavelength -shifted(QWS) DFB lasers, and decreases the effective coupling coefficient. This leads to increased average mirror loss of ${\pm}$1 modes and reduced stopband width in uniform grating DFB lasers, and degradation in the wavelength accuracy and the single mode stability in QWS-DFB lasers. Threshold gain difference decreases with increasing period fluctuation irrespective of grating coupling coefficient in QWS-DFB lasers, while spatial hole-burning effect is exacerbated or alleviated when the normalized coupling coefficient is lower and higher than 1.5, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 2006

The effects of commercially available antioxidants in fish oil were studied. Induction period of fish oil was determined from the oxidation curve by rancin\mat. The longest Induction period was observed with catechin (1,000 ppm). Among the rosemary extracts (Antox1, Antox2, Antox3), the most effective antioxidant effect was observed with Antox3 even though higher amount (5,000 ppm) was needed compared to catechin. Compared to oder of control, catechin rather than Antox3 did not affect much the odor changes. When ascorbic palmitate, vitamin C, gallic acid, EDTA, citric acid, or propyl gallate as a synergist were added with catechin (500 ppm), vitamin C and ascorbic palmitate prolonged the induction period significantly. This effect was also observed with Antox3 (1,000 ppm). Among all combinations of catechin (500 ppm) and Antox3 (1,000 ppm) with synergists, the longest Induction period was obtained from Antox3 with vitamin C (200 ppm), suggesting that this combination is most effective combination for retarding the oxidation in fish oil.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.674-683
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• 2017

The frequency and intensity of soil moisture stress associated with climate change has increasing, and the stability of field crop cultivation has decreasing. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of soil moisture management method on growth and yield of corn. Soil moisture was managed at the grade of WSM (wet soil moisture, 34.0~42.9%), OSM (optimum soil moisture, 27.8~34.0%), DSM (dry soil moisture, 20.3~27.8%), and ESM (extreme dry moisture, 16.6~20.3%) during V8 (8th leaf stage)-VT (tasseling stage). After VT, irrigation was limited. The treated amount of irrigation was 54.1, 47.7, 44.0 and 34.5% of total water requirement, respectively. The potential evapotranspiration during the growing period was $3.29mm\;day^{-1}$, and upward movement of soil water was estimated by the AFKAE 0.5 model in the order of ESM, DSM, OSM, and WSM. We could confirm this phenomenon from actual observations. There was no significant difference in leaf characteristics, dry matter, and primary productivity depending on the level of soil moisture, but leaf development was delayed and dry weight decreased in DSM. However, dry weight and individual productivity of DSM increased after irrigation withdrawal compared to that of OSM. In DSM, ear yield and number of kernels per ear decreased, but water use efficiency and harvest index were higher than other treatments. Therefore, it is considered that the soil moisture is concentratedly managed before the V8 period, the V8-VT period is controlled within the range of 100 to 500 kPa (20.3~27.8%), and no additional irrigation is required after the VT.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2022

This study provided basic data for the commercialization of healthy functional beverages by examining the physicochemical characteristics, nutrient content, and microbiological safety of onion peel beverage. The total acid of onion peel beverage was 0.12 mg/g and the pH was 6.07. According to the storage period, the total acid decreased and the pH increased in all temperature ranges(25℃, 35℃, and 45℃). After 30 days of storage, it showed 0.06 mg/g in all temperature sections and maintained the pH 7 range. The total phenol content, which is a nutritional component of onion peel beverage, was 0.93 mg/g, flavonoid content was 0.25 mg/g, and quercetin content was 0.17 mg/g. The flavonoid content decreased according to the storage period, and in the case of storage temperature of 25℃, it contained 50% content up to 120 days of storage, but in the case of 35℃ and 45℃, it had a flavonoid content up to 90 days and 30 days, respectively. In the case of quercetin, a residual rate of about 50% was shown for 150 days of storage at 25℃ and 35℃. In the case of 45℃, it decreased to 35% at 30 days of storage. On the other hand, onion peel beverage maintained a viable cell count of less than 5 CFU/mL for 150 days of storage, and no coliform group was detected. As a result of analyzing the quality characteristics of onion peel beverage according to storage period, quality stability was confirmed in physicochemical characteristics and microbiological safety. Research on changes in biological activity according to low-temperature distribution or storage period is necessary.