• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2015

Respiratory disease in pigs is common in modern pork production worldwide and is often referred to as porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). PRDC is polymicrobial in nature, and results from infection with various combinations of primary and secondary respiratory pathogens. The control of swine respiratory disease requires an understanding of the interactions between the organisms that can cause this illness, the pig and management of the environment. This study was carried out to investigate the lesion of red internal organs in slaughtered pigs and provided assistant data for pig farms. A total of 900 lung samples, 45 farms were collected randomly from slaughtered pigs in Jeonbuk province from April to December in 2014. Gross lesions such as swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP), pleuritis, pleuropneumonia, pericarditis, liver white spots were examined for the pigs. Overall prevalence of SEP was 70.8%. According to season, the incidence occurred higher in summer than winter, fall and spring. The mean SEP score was 1.4, the highest incidence occurred in fall. The prevalence of pleuropneumonia, pleuritis, pericarditis, and milk spot was 26.1%, 71.4%, 2.8%, 21.6%, respectively. In the detection of pathogens, PRRS was not detected, PCV2 was positive in 87.6%.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.43.1-43.1
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• 2015

We have discovered an unexplored population of galaxies featuring weak broad-line regions (BLRs) at z < 0.2 from detailed analysis of galaxy spectra in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. These objects predominantly show a stellar continuum but also a broad $H{\alpha}$ emission line, indicating the presence of a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (AGN) oriented so that we are viewing the central engine directly without significant obscuration. These accreting black holes have previously eluded detection due to their weak nature. The new BLR AGNs we found increased the number of known type 1 AGNs by 49%. Some of these new BLR AGNs were detected at the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and their X-ray properties confirm that they are indeed type 1 AGN. Based on our new and more complete catalogue of type 1 AGNs, we derived the type 1 fraction of AGNs as a function of [OIII] ${\lambda}5007$ emission luminosity and explored the possible dilution effect on the obscured AGN due to star-formation. The new type 1 AGN fraction shows much more complex behavior with respect to black hole mass and bolometric luminosity than suggested by the existing receding torus model. The type 1 AGN fraction is sensitive to both of these factors, and there seems to be a sweet spot (ridge) in the diagram of black hole mass and bolometric luminosity. Furthermore, we present a hint that the Eddington ratio plays a role in determining the opening angles. This work is submitted to ApJS.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.255-261
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• 2003

To analyze ecological characteristics of the Ulmus pumila community, an on-the-spot survey was conducted in August, 1998 in the Dong River, Gangwon-do, South Korea. The Ulmus pumila community is partially distributed in Dong River's midstream and upper stream. Topographical characteristics of this community are significant in the point bar or sandbank of the river. The community is classified into two types, disturbed and non-disturbed types, by the effect of flooding. The Ulmus pumila community (bush forests of Siberian elms) is a representative community which forms riparian forests, but its distribution is rare in South Korea. Only in Dong River is the Ulmus pumila distributed enough to form a community, and none is known that is lager than this community in South Korea. The non-disturbance type progresses more homogeneously than the disturbance type because it is formed on riverside banks where it is affected less by flooding. We concluded that the Ulmus pumila community in this study area has characteristics of riparian forests. In South Korea, Ulmus pumila community can be regarded as important element of vegetation landscape constituting riparian forests. Specifically, these riparian forests are evaluated as high in conservation value due to their being formed spontaneously. Moreover, Dong River is regarded as the southern limit of Ulmus pumila, which has a northern origin. The species or community needs continuous interests and conservation countermeasures because there are limitations in its spread of distribution by natural or artificial efforts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.81-89
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• 2020

The grid-based analysis is useful for conservation planning, species distribution study, education, and others'. On the west coast of Korea, it was high in species richness, rarity and endangered species richness. Our results also showed that coordinated species data can be applied to develop species distribution models due to the high correlation between total species richness and coordinated species 0richness. In hot spot analysis, high species richness areas are concentrated around the west coast, while species richness is relatively low in Gangwon and Gyeongnam. Endangered species and rarity were also concentrated on the west coast and islands. Through the complementary analysis, we selected areas which are efficient to protect species; protecting more species while minimizing the conservation effort. Our result demonstrated that simply protecting Baengyueong island, Gageo island and a part of Jeju island can conserve over 50% of bird species in South Korea. However, the validity of our analysis was limited by the absence of data from national parks, and Baekdudaegan protected areas as well as inconsistent capacity among field researchers.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2016

Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) is a major virus infecting orchid plants and causing economic loss. In this study, the incidence of viral infection in Calanthe spp. at the Korean Institute of Calanthe was investigated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The CymMV infection rate was 42%, and the two viruses Odontoglossum ringspot virus and Cucumber mosaic virus had frequencies of 8% and 2%, respectively. Additionally, we characterized an isolate of CymMV, CymMV-GW, using biological tests and examined the nucleotide sequence properties of its complete genome. CymMV-GW induced chlorotic ringspots and chlorotic spot symptoms in inoculated leaves of Chenopodium amaranticolor and Nicotiana benthamiana, respectively. In this study, we have for the first complete genome sequence of CymMV-GW in Korea. The CymMV-GW genome was 6,225 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly-(A) tail, and showed whole-genome nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities of 97.7% and 100%, respectively, with the NJ-1 isolate of CymMV. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the CymMV-GW isolate and viral infection rates for Calanthe spp. in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.81-90
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• 2011

One of the most important habitats of Waterbirds in the west coast of Korea is Saemangeum and its mudflat, located within the estuary of the Dongji and Mankyung River. This study was conducted to clarify the community characteristics of wintering waterbirds in Saemangeum from November 2008 to February 2009. Waterbirds and Raptor are 69 species and 409,044 individuals by the sum of peak counts were recorded. We classified the wintering waterbirds into 14 groups of taxa based on the similar ecological attributes. The dominant species were Baikal Teal Anas formosa, Mallard Anas platyrhynchos, Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons, Greater Scaup Aythya marila. Greater White-fronted Goose was significantly positive correlated with survey period. Baikal Teal, Greater White-fronted Goose, Bean Goose, Greater Scaup, Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna were increased when compared with last report but Mallard, Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha, Dunlin Calidris alpina were no difference.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.1 s.60
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• pp.126-134
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• 2007

This study researches the effectiveness of virtual experiences as an evaluation method in design. For the study, I researched the result on the spatial recognition before, abstracted visual objects and factors in recognition process and made up 43 inquiries for the evaluation through the experts group. Besides, set the analytical code between recognition factor and spatial constituents, made analysis the result from it. From April 1st to June 30th in 2004, the virtual model of educational place, college main building and city library was established as a subject of the research and studied the result. The methods that are used for the study are frequent analysis, T-test, reliability analysis, factor analysis etc. and SPSSWIN Package is used for the statistic analysis. There were two times of analysis on the evaluation to analyze the effect of virtual models on the web basis, one group evaluated the virtual building same as real and the other group evaluated the building site. Then analyzed the differences and correlation between the two. In result, college building, the first subject of study, and the second city library shows that made little differences between on the spot evaluation and virtual evaluation. Therefore, it is considered that the design evaluation with virtual model on the web basis has a vantage. But some problems founded that solved between preceding and present research through the feedback. It is as follows, 1. detection of problems that insufficience validity in the first survey. 2. found some not-validity inquiries. 3. detection of necessities that qualitative improvement and technical repletion in virtual environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.41
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• pp.169-183
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• 1998

The Tartan, the representative check pattern and traditional costume of Scothand, is the most popualr checker which has inherited from the clans of the Scotch Highlands in the ancient times and continued to develop. It is a symbol of the Scotch culture and tadition and widely used in various ways according to status, birthplace purpose and use. Therefore, this study was intended to inquire into Tartan check. The purpose of this study attempted to make a systematic investigation of the characteristic of the Tartan check. the checker using vertical and horizontal lines which was the universal plastic element and inquire into it in terms of era, designers and combined works. By doing so, this study attempted to investigate the phase of the Tartan check in world fashion and further forecast the future of checker design applicable to the 21th-Century fashion. In addition it, attempted to investigate the features of Scottch costume unknown in our academic circles and inquire into the proless in while the Scottch has retained the originality of its own which suppressed by neighboring countries. This study could find out that the checker is the element of infinite applicability in the future. It is expected that the sophisticated and beautiful design using the checker will be presented by many Korean designer through the overall and systanatic study of the checker. On the other hand, to make an empirical study costume of other races, a comprehensive examination should be made of the social and cultural background against which locals are using their costume, through the survey of their real costume and on-spot research. It this respect, this study has some limitation in time and data collection. Besides the analysis of costume through materials and photos in museums as well as the study of cloth material and accurate colors was not con여cted in this in this study. This will remain to be study of in the future.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.497-506
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• 2017

An investigation on the records of old document was conducted to identify the producing area of white clay and there were on-the-spot surveys to secure raw materials of white clay pigment. Based on the survey results, six raw materials were obtained from the region of Gangwon-do and Gyeongsang-do, South Korea and white clay pigment was subsequently manufactured by applying the hydraulic elutriation method. The results show that the major constituent minerals of YBW, HBW, and MCW were quartz and plagioclase, whereas SGW, HOW, and HGW were composed of clay minerals such as kaolinite and illite. HGW showed the highest $L^*$-value of 92.9. HOW and HGW showed an opacity of 94.1% and 89.6%, respectively, and they had excellent spreadability (270.3 mm and 223.3 mm, respectively). Therefore, HGW, HOW, and SGW have excellent characteristics in terms of color, opacity, and spreadability, and are considered to be highly applicable as white pigments for the Dancheong.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.380-385
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the contents of sulfites in 2, 770 dried marine products in Seoul Chung-Bu market from March to October in 1999. Sulfites of the samples were determined by Zn powder reduction method and Monnier-Williams's modified method. Eight samples of 2, 770 (0.29%) were detected over 30ppm in SO2 contents by Monnier-Williams's modified method. In samples detected over 30ppm, six dried filefishes(130.2~573.4ppm) were imported from Vietnam, same kind of other one(114.2ppm) was from China and the other one Alaska pollack(196.3ppm) was domestic. By Zn powder reduction method, 259 dried marine products (259/2, 770=9.35%) were positive reaction (1-30ppm). These were 93 dried shrimps, 53 filefish meats, 34 dried squids, 33 slices of dried pollacks and 17 sea mussel meats. So sulfites must be use commonly to prevent black spot and preserve for many dried shrimps, filefishes meats, dried squids etc. According to results, the quality test for the imported dried marine products must be reinforced to supply safety food for the citizens.