• 대한수의학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2001

We performed this study to determine the effect of Jiegeng(Platycodon grandiflorum), Danggui(Angelica sinensis), Gancao(Glycyrrhiza glabla), Chaihu(Bupleurum falcatnosa), Shoudehuang(Rehmannia glutinosa), Huangqi(Satragalus membranaceus), Muxiang(Saussurea lappa), Yuanzhi(Polygala tenuifolia), Rensen(Panax ginseng) and Baishaoyao(Paeonia lactiflolia), as Oriental radices herbs, on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of ${\gamma}-radiation$. Jiegeng(p<0.005), Danggui(p<0.0005), Gancao(p<0.005), Chaihu(p<0.05), Muxiang(p<0.05), Rensen(p<0.005) and Baishaoyao(p<0.005) were effective in intestinal crypt survival. Danggui(p<0.05), Chaihu(p<0.05), Shoudehuang(p<0.05), Huangqi(p<0.05), Rensan(p<0.005) and Baishaoyao(p<0.05) increased the formation of endogenous spleen colony. The frequency of radiation induced apoptosis was also reduced by pretreatment with Chaihu(p<0.05), Muxiang(p<0.005), Yuanzhi(p<0.05), Rensan(p<0.05) and Baishaoyao(p<0.05). Although the mechanisms of this effect remain to be elucidated, these results indicated that Danggui, Chaihu, Muxiang, Rensan and Baishaiyao might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2000

We performed this study to determine the effect of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, as a prescription of traditional Oriental medicine, and its major ingredients on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, apopotosis in jejunal crypt cells, lethality and hematological change of mice irradiated with high and low dose of Y-radiation. Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang administration before irradiation protected the jejunal crypts (p<0.0001), increased the formation of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.05) and reduced the frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis (p<0.05). The survival rate and mean survival time of the groups treated with Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang within 30 days after the treatment were far better than the irradiation control group. In the experiment on the effect of ingredients of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, the result indicated that the extract of Rensan (Panax ginseng), Danggui (Angelica sinensis), Shengma (Cimicifuga heracleifolia) and Chaihu (Bupleurum falcatnosa) might have a major radioprotective effect. Although the mechanisms of this inhibitory effect remain to be elucidated, these results indicated that BU-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product. Further studies are needed to characterize better the protective nature of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang extract and its ingredients.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.698-704
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• 1999

In this study, we evaluated the radioprotective effects of Kuei Pi Tang and its ingredients, as a prescription of traditional Oriental medicine. The jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells were investigated in mice irradiated with high and low dose of ${\gamma}$ rays. In the mice administered with Kuei Pi Tang extract before irradiation, the jejunal crypts were protected significantly(p<0.005) and the frequency of radiation induced apoptosis was reduced(p<0.05). In the experiment on the effects of the ingredients of Kuei Pi Tang, the results indicated that the extract of Dangui(Angelica sinensis), Suanzaoren(Zizyphus valgaris), Rensan (Panax ginseng), Fuling(Poria cocos) and Muxiang(Saussurea lappa) might have a major radioprotective effect. Although the mechanisms of this inhibitory effect remain to be elucidated, these results indi cated that Kuei Pi Tang might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product.

• 대한한방종양학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.129-147
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• 1997

현재 서양의학에서 활용되고 있는 항암 요법으로는 외과처치(外科處置), 화학요법(化學療法), 방사선요법(放射線療法) 및 면역요법(免疫療法) 등(等)이 있으며, 그 중에서도 항암제(抗癌劑)에 의한 화학요법과 방사선요법이 가장 많이 응용되고 있다. 그런데 이들은 암세포(癌細胞)뿐만 아니라 정상세포(正常細胞)까지도 살상(殺傷)함으로써 종양세포(腫瘍細胞)를 억제하는 동시에 골수조혈기(骨髓造血器), 소화계통(消化系統) 및 면역기능(免疫機能)을 포함하는 인체의 정상적인 기능을 손상시키는 문제점으로 그 사용에 제한을 받고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 삼용부정탕(蔘茸扶正湯)의 항암요법으로 손상된 조직의 회복 및 조혈촉진 효과를 규명하기 위해 생쥐를 대상으로 하여 실험하였다. 그 결과, 생쥐 비장세포에 대한 증식효과(增殖效果), 조혈촉진인자(造血促進因子)의 분필능(分泌能), 방사선에 대한 임파구의 방어효과(防禦效果), 방사선에 대한 조혈세포 방어효과(防禦效果), 방사선(9Gy)을 조사받은 생쥐의 생존율(生存率) 등에서 유의성 있는 결과를 얻어내어 아래와 같이 보고하는 바이다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 1998

We have examined in vitro and in vivo radioprotective effect of a Chinese medicinal plants prescription, Lifukang. Micronucleus assay was employed to evaluate in vitro radioprotective effect of Lifukang. In the presence of Lifukang, the frequencies of miconuclei were greatly reduced from 7.2 to 2.9, 1.6 and 1.6% at the concentrations of Lifukang from 0 to 2, 10 and $50{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. For in vivo assay, we monitored the incidences of apoptotic cells in mouse small intestine crypts and endogeneous spleen colonies. When Lifukang was administered to mice P.O. Or I.P. at doses of 1 mg/ml in drinking water for 7 days or 0.3 mg/mouse 24 hrs prior to irradiations, respectively, the average numbers of apoptotic cells were reduced to 3.1 or 2.3, respectively, as compared to 4.4 acquired from untreated control experiments. In addition, in spleen colony assay, Lifukang increased the number of hematopoietic spleen colonies. When samples were administered after irradiation, better results were obtained. The numbers of spleen colonies were increased from 14 colonies to 18.3 or 19.6 colonies when Lifukang was given through P.O. (1 mg/ml in drinking water for 11 days) or I.P. (0.3 mg/ mouse) after irradiation, respectively.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.260-269
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• 1994

This study was performed to determine the toxic effect of DA-3030(granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, G-CSF) in beagle dogs. DA-3030(G-CSF) was injected intravenously at doses of 115 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day, 11.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day and 1.15 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day seven days per week for 28 days. After completion of the treatments, the dog were necropsied. The number of dead animal was zero in all groups. No specific clinical sign was found, either. In hematological results, WBC was significantly increased dose-dependently in treated groups. In histopathological findings, megakaryocyte and rubricyte were found in the liver and spleen at the dose of 115 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day. Therefore, we could find the extramedullary hematopoiesis was increased. Megaka yocyte and rubricyte were increased in bone marrow, too. In conclusion, those signs were estimated the pharmacological effect of DA-3030(G-CSF). According to the results, non toxic dose of DA-3030(G-CSF) was higher than 115 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 1993

In this study, we carried out the rapid diagnostic system based on indirect fluorescent anti-body technique (IFAT) for detection of bacterial diseases in cultured freshwater fishes. 1. When the fishes were tested with graded dilution of Edwardsiella tarda FPC 470 bacteria detection from ten fishes Injected with $4.1{\times}10^3$colony forming unit(CFU) /ml, all of them were detected by IFAT but only two fishes were recognizable by the culture method in the tested fishes injected with $4.1{\times}10^3$CFU /ml. 2. The bacteria E. tarda could be detected by IFAT method from 1 to 48hrs after Injection in the tissues tested such as kidney, liver and spleen of the fishes, whereas detection by culture method could be recognized from 1 to 48hrs after injection In the kidney and spleen but it was not possible from preinjection to 1 hr in the liver. 3. Thus, IFAT proved to be more useful technique than plate culture method in the diagnosis of Edwardsiellosis in the freshwater fishes.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2016

Objectives: Granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized bone marrow (BM)-derived hematopoietic stem cells could contribute to improvement of liver function. In addition, liver fibrosis can reportedly be prevented by the Rg 1 component of red ginseng. This study investigated the combined effect of G-CSF and red ginseng on decompensated liver cirrhosis. Methods: Four patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were injected with G-CSF to proliferate BM stem cells for 4 days ($5{\mu}g/kg$ bid subcutaneously) and followed-up for 3 months. The patients also received red ginseng for 4 days (2 tablets tid per os). We analyzed Child-Pugh scores, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores and cirrhotic complications. Results: All patients showed marked increases in White blood cell (WBC) and CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood, with a peak time of 4 days after G-CSF injection. Spleen size also increased after G-CSF injection, but not severely. At end of the study, 2 patients showed improvement in Child-Pugh scores, hepatic encephalopathy, and refractory ascites. During the clinical trial period, none of the 4 patients showed any other adverse events or deterioration of liver function. Conclusions: We conclude that G-CSF/red ginseng combination therapy is relatively effective in improving liver function and major complications of decompensated liver cirrhosis without adverse effects. Further clinical trials are warranted to assess the clinical effects of G-CSF for decompensated liver cirrhosis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.618-624
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• 2019

Background: Ginsenoside Re (Re) is one of the major components of Panax ginseng Meyer. Ginsenoside $Rk_3$ ($Rk_3$) is a secondary metabolite of Re. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects and underlying mechanisms of Re and $Rk_3$ on cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression. Methods: The mice myelosuppression model was established by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cyclophosphamide. Peripheral blood cells, bone marrow nucleated cells, and colony yield of hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro were counted. The levels of erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in plasma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bone marrow cell cycle was performed by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptotic protein bcl-2, bax, and caspase-3 was detected by Western blotting. Results: Both Re and $Rk_3$ could improve peripheral blood cells, bone marrow nucleated cell counts, thymus index, and spleen index. Furthermore, they could enhance the yield of colonies cultured in vitro and make the levels of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, erythropoietin, and thrombopoietin normal, reduce the ratio of $G_0/G_1$ phase cells, and increase the proliferation index. Finally, Re and $Rk_3$ could upregulate the expression of bcl-2, whereas they could downregulate the expression of bax and caspase-3. Conclusion: Re and $Rk_3$ could improve the hematopoietic function of myelosuppressed mice. The effect of $Rk_3$ was superior to that of Re at any dose. Regulating the levels of cytokines, promoting cells enter the normal cell cycle, regulating the balance of bcl-2/bax, and inhibiting the expression of caspase-3 may be the effects of Re and $Rk_3$ on myelosuppression.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.304-320
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• 2007

목적 : 황기추출물이 생쥐의 5-FU로 유발된 골수억제와 삶의 질 저하의 개선에 미치는 효과를 연구하고자 한다. 방법 : 골수억제에 미치는 영향이 평가를 위해 Complete Blood Count, Histological Analysis of BM, Cell Colony Forming Assay for Hematopoietic Progenitor를 시행하고, 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 Swimming Test, Survival Rate, Nitric Oxide (NO) Assay, $^{51}Cr$ Release Assay in NK Cell, mRNA Expressions of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $TGF-{\beta}$ and GM-CSF in Spleen Cells를 시행하였다. 결과 : 황기추출물을 골수억제를 호전시켜 말초혈액수치를 회복시키고, 골수파괴를 보호하는 효과를 보이며, 대조군에 비해 혈구생성을 촉진시키며, 대조군에 비해 생존율과 수영시간을 증가시키며, 대식세포와 자연살상세포의 활동성을 증가시키며, 종양면역과 관련된 싸이토카인(IL-2, IL-6, $IFN-{\gamma}$)의 발현을 증가시켰다. 결론 : 5-FU로 유발된 골수억제와 삶의 질 저하의 개선에 미치는 황기추출물의 유용성이 기대되며 향후 이에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.