• 제목/요약/키워드: spin wave

검색결과 213건 처리시간 0.027초

엑시머 레이저 증착기술에 의한 $Y_{3}Fe_{5}O_{12}$ 다결정 박막 제조 (Polycrystalline $Y_{3}Fe_{5}O_{12}$ Garnet Films Grown by a Pulsed Laser Ablation Technique)

  • 양충진;김상원
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.214-218
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    • 1994
  • 페리마그넷(Ferrimagnetic) $Y_{3}Fe_{5}O_{12}$(Garnet) 박막 또는 후막은 초고주파 대역에서 사용하는 통신부품의 소자로서 핵심 역할을 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 요즘 신기술로 소개된 펄스 레이저 증착기술(Laser Ablation Technique)에 의하여 가넷의 표준조성인 $Y_{3}Fe_{5}O_{12}$ 후막을 에피성장 시키는데 성공하였다. KrF 가스를 사용한 Eximer 레이저를 10 Hz의 펄스주파수로 $Al_{2}O_{3}$(1102) 면에서 거의 집합조직의 에피후막을 성장시켰다. 후막의 자기특성 및 성장 양상은 사용한 기판 및 기판온도와 산소분압에 따라 결정되지만 본 연구에서 얻어진 최적의 자기특성은 가넷두께 $4.1\;\mu\textrm{m}$에서 $4{\pi}M_{s}=1300$ Gauss, $H_{c}=37.5$ Oe 의 값을 산소분압 100 mTorr 및 기판온도 $600^{\circ}C$에서 증착한 후 $700^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 소둔처리하여 최적값을 얻을 수가 있었다. 이러한 가넷후막은 협대역 주파수 범위에서 Magnetostatic Spin Wave 원리를 이용한 Filter로 사용 가능하다.

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Electromagnetic Electron-Cyclotron Wave for Ring Distribution with Alternating Current (AC) Electric Field in Saturn Magnetosphere

  • Haridas, Annex Edappattu;Kanwar, Shefali;Pandey, Rama Shankar
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.35-42
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    • 2022
  • During their respective missions, the spacecraft Voyager and Cassini measured several Saturn magnetosphere parameters at different radial distances. As a result of information gathered throughout the journey, Voyager 1 discovered hot and cold electron distribution components, number density, and energy in the 6-18 Rs range. Observations made by Voyager of intensity fluctuations in the 20-30 keV range show electrons are situated in the resonance spectrum's high energy tail. Plasma waves in the magnetosphere can be used to locate Saturn's inner magnetosphere's plasma clusters, which are controlled by Saturn's spin. Electromagnetic electron cyclotron (EMEC) wave ring distribution function has been investigated. Kinetic and linear approaches have been used to study electromagnetic cyclotron (EMEC) wave propagation. EMEC waves' stability can be assessed by analyzing the dispersion relation's effect on the ring distribution function. The primary goal of this study is to determine the impact of the magnetosphere parameters which is observed by Cassini. The magnetosphere of Saturn has also been observed. When the plasma parameters are increased as the distribution index, the growth/damping rate increases until the magnetic field model affects the magnetic field at equator, as can be seen in the graphs. We discuss the outputs of our model in the context of measurements made in situ by the Cassini spacecraft.

A First-principles Study on Magnetic and Electronic Properties of Ni Impurity in bcc Fe

  • Rahman, Gul;Kim, In-Gee
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.124-127
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    • 2008
  • The magnetic and electronic properties of Ni impurity in bcc Fe ($Ni_1Fe_{26}$) are investigated using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method based the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). We found that the Ni impurity in bcc Fe increases both the lattice constant and the magnetic moment of bcc Fe. The calculated equilibrium lattice constant of $Ni_1Fe_{26}$ in the ferromagnetic state was 2.84 A, which is slightly larger than that of bcc Fe (2.83 ${\AA}$). The averaged magnetic moment per atom of $Ni_1Fe_{26}$ unit cell was calculated to be $2.24{\mu}_B$, which is greater than that of bcc Fe (2.17 ${\mu}_B$). The enhancement of magnetic moment of $Ni_1Fe_{26}$ is mainly contributed by the nearest neighbor Fe atom of Ni, i.e., Fe1, and this can be explained by the spin flip of Fe1 d states. The density of states shows that Ni impurity forms a virtual bound state (VBS), which is contributed by Ni $e_{g{\downarrow}}$ states. We suggest that the VBS caused by the Ni impurity is responsible for the spin flip of Fe1 d states.

First-principles Study on the Half-metallicity and Magnetism of a Full Heusler Alloy, Co2HfSi, in Bulk State and at its (001) Surfaces

  • Jin, Ying-Jiu;Lee, Jae-Il
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.115-119
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    • 2008
  • The authors predicted that $Co_2HfSi$, a $Co_2$-based full Heusler alloy, is being a half-metallic ferromagnet by first-principles calculations using the all electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method which adopts the generalized gradient approximation. The integer value of the calculated total magnetic moment of 2.00 ${\mu}_B$ per formula unit and a spin gap of 0.69 eV in spin down state confirmed the half-metallicity of bulk $Co_2HfSi$. For the $Co_2HfSi$(001) surface, we considered two possible surface terminations, namely, Co terminated and HfSi terminated surfaces. It was found that half-metallicity was retained at the HfSi-terminated surface but not at the Co-terminated surface. The magnetic moment of surface Co atoms in the Co-terminated surface was slightly lower than that of Co atoms in deep inner-layers, whereas the magnetic moments of Hf and Si atoms at the HfSi-terminated surface were almost same as those in deep inner-layers.

초 연자성 박막에서의 동적 자화 거동 (Dynamic Responses in Ultra-Soft Magnetic Thin Films)

  • 정인섭
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1994
  • 본 연구에서는 초 연자성(ultra-soft magnetic) 비정질 박막에서 관찰되는 감쇄가 큰(overdamped) 고주파 자기특성의 원인을 이해함으로써 자기 스핀의 동적 자화거동을 확인하고자한다. 고주파에서의 자화율(susceptibility) 특성곡선에 대한 실험결과와 Gilbert의 운동방정식으로 부터의 계산 결과를 비교하여 초 연자성 박막의 겨우 $\alpha=20$ 정도의 큰 감쇄상수와 무시할 정도로 작은 $D_{x}{\approx}D_{y}{\approx}D_{z}{\approx}0$의 반자장 계수를 구하였다. 이 결과로 부터 불균일 박막의 자화율 특성곡선과 자기 스핀의 동적 자화거동을 설 명하기 위해 vortex 형상의 자화분포를 제안하였다. Vortex형 자화분포는 초 연자성 박막 내의 미세한 자성입자들에서의 안정된 스핀 분포로 형성되며, vortex의 불균일한 스핀운동은 스핀파로 부터의 에너지와 박막내 결함구조와의 상호작용에 의해 큰 감쇄를 갖는 것으로 설명되었다.

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In Situ Spectroscopy in Condensed Matter Physics

  • Noh, Tae Won
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.92-92
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    • 2014
  • Recently, many state-of-art spectroscopy techniques are used to unravel the mysteries of condensed matters. And numerous heterostructures have provided a new avenue to search for new emergent phenomena. Especially, near the interface, various forms of symmetry-breaking can appear, which induces many novel phenomena. Although these intriguing phenomena can be emerged at the interface, by using conventional measurement techniques, the experimental investigations have been limited due to the buried nature of interface. One of the ways to overcome this limitation is in situ investigation of the layer-by-layer evolution of the electronic structure with increasing of the thickness. Namely, with very thin layer, we can measure the electronic structure strongly affected by the interface effect, but with thick layer, the bulk property becomes strong. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is powerful tool to directly obtain electronic structure, and it is very surface sensitive. Thus, the layer-by-layer evolution of the electronic structure in oxide heterostructure can be investigated by using in situ ARPES. LaNiO3 (LNO) heterostructures have recently attracted much attention due to theoretical predictions for many intriguing quantum phenomena. The theories suggest that, by tuning external parameters such as misfit strain and dimensionality in LNO heterostructure, the latent orders, which is absent in bulk, including charge disproportionation, spin-density-wave order and Mott insulator, could be emerged in LNO heterostructure. Here, we performed in situ ARPES studies on LNO films with varying the misfit strain and thickness. (1) By using LaAlO3 (-1.3%), NdGaO3 (+0.3%), and SrTiO3 (+1.7%) substrates, we could obtain LNO films under compressive strain, nearly strain-free, and tensile strain, respectively. As strain state changes from compressive to tensile, the Ni eg bands are rearranged and cross the Fermi level, which induces a change of Fermi surface (FS) topology. Additionally, two different FS superstructures are observed depending on strain states, which are attributed to signatures of latent charge and spin orderings in LNO films. (2) We also deposited LNO ultrathin films under tensile strain with thickness between 1 and 10 unit-cells. We found that the Fermi surface nesting effect becomes strong in two-dimensions and significantly enhances spin-density-wave order. The further details are discussed more in presentation. This work was collaborated with Hyang Keun Yoo, Seung Ill Hyun, Eli Rotenberg, Ji Hoon Shim, Young Jun Chang and Hyeong-Do Kim.

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Fabrication of a Thermopneumatic Valveless Micropump with Multi-Stacked PDMS Layers

  • Jeong, Ok-Chan;Jeong, Dae-Jung;Yang, Sang-Sik
    • KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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    • 제4C권4호
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    • pp.137-141
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, a thermopneumatic PMDS (polydimethlysiloxane) micropump with nozzle/diffuser elements is presented. The micropump is composed of nozzle/diffuser elements as dynamic valves, an actuator consisting of a circular PDMS diaphragm and a Cr/Au heater on a glass substrate. Four PDMS layers are used for fabrication of an actuator chamber, actuator diaphragm by a spin coating process, spacer layer, and nozzle/diffuser by the SU-8 molding process. The radius and thickness of the actuator diaphragm is 2 mm and 30 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, respectively. The length and the conical angle of the nozzle/diffuser elements are 3.5 mm and 20$^{\circ}$, respectively. The actuator diaphragm is driven by the air cavity pressure variation caused by ohmic heating and natural cooling. The flow rate of the micropump in the frequency domain is measured for various duty cycles of the square wave input voltage. When the square wave input voltage of 5 V DC is applied to the heater, the maximum flow rate of the micropump is 44.6 ${mu}ell$/min at 100 Hz with a duty ratio of 80% under the zero pressure difference.

Relationship Between the Structure and the Superconductivity in LaFeAsO

  • Jung, Dongwoon;Cho, Sungwoo;Lee, In-Ja
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.912-916
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    • 2013
  • The electronic structure of LaFeAsO was analyzed by tight-binding band calculation based upon the normal and shrunk lattices. A strong Fermi surface nesting was found in the normal LaFeAsO, while most of the nesting area was disappeared in the shrunk LaFeAsO. It was found, therefore, high pressure atmosphere is required to become a superconductor for LaFeAsO by suppressing the SDW (spin density wave) state through the disappearance of the Fermi surface nesting.

회전하는 구의 공력특성에 수치해석적 연구 (A Computational Study of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Spinning Sphere)

  • ;이영기;김희동
    • 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.223-226
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    • 2006
  • Computational Study of a sphere subjected to free stream flow and simultaneously subjected to spinning motion is carried out. Three dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved using fully implicit finite volume scheme. SST(Shear Stress Transport) $k-{\omega}$ turbulence model is used. Aerodynamic characteristics being affected are studied. Validation of the numerical process is done for the no spin condition. Variation of drag coefficient and shock wave strength with increase in spinning rate is reported. Changes in the wake region of the sphere with respect to spinning speed are also observed.

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구리 산화물 계열 초전도체에서의 스핀 요동에 의한 자체 에너지의 엘리아시버그 계산 (Eliashberg Calculation of the Momentum-Resolved Self-Energy for the Cuprate Superconductors Induced by the Spin Fluctuations)

  • 홍승환;최한용
    • Progress in Superconductivity
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.146-150
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    • 2012
  • We solve the momentum resolved d-wave Eliashberg equation employing the magnetic excitation spectrum from the inelastic neutron scattering on the LSCO superconductors reported by Vignolle et al. The magnetic excitation spectrum exhibits 2 peaks: a sharp incommensurate peak at 18 meV at momentum (${\pi}$, ${\pi}{\pm}{\delta}$) and (${\pi}{\pm}{\delta}$, ${\pi}$) and another broad peak near 40~70 meV at momentum (${\pi}$, ${\pi}$). Above 70 meV, the magnetic excitation spectrum has a long tail that is shaped into a circle centered at (${\pi}$, ${\pi}$) with ${\delta}$. The sign of the real part of the self-energy is determined by the momentum position of the peaks of the magnetic excitation spectrum and bare dispersion. We will discuss the effects of the each component of the magnetic excitation spectrum on the self-energy, the pairing self-energy.