• Journal of Information Display
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.57-62
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• 2001

Green-emitting $Zn_2SiO_4$:Mn phosphor particles having a spherical shape and high luminescence intensities under VUV were prepared by spray pyrolysis process under severe preparation conditions. The type of precursor solutions affected the morphology and luminescence characteristics of the prepared particles. The particles prepared from the clear solution by laboratory-scale process had spherical shape and dense morphology, while the particles prepared from the severe preparation conditions had rough surface and collapsed structure. However, the particles prepared from the colloidal solution utilizing fumed silica were spherical in shape and filled morphology at the severe preparation conditions of high flow rate of carrier gas, high concentration of solution, and large reactor size. The prepared $Zn_2SiO_4$:Mn phosphor particles with complete spherical shape had higher photoluminescence intensity than that of the commercial product prepared by solid state reaction.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.2702-2706
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• 2013

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with spherical and prism morphologies were formed at room temperature depend on the amino acid attached with phenolic unit. Absorption studies showed 410-420 nm surface plasmon resonance absorption for spherical nanoparticles whereas prism morphology showed three absorption peaks (382, 452 and 523 nm). The formation of spherical and prism morphology was confirmed by scanning and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Antibacterial studies of both the morphologies did not show any significant differences in the inhibition of bacterial growth.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2011

In an effort to understand the hydrolytic degradation process of cured urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins responsible for the formaldehyde emission of wood-based composite panels, this study analyzed the influence of acid hydrolysis on the morphology of cured UF resins with different formaldehyde/urea (F/U) mole ratios such as 1.6, 1.4, 1.2 and 1.0. Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was employed to observe both exterior and fracture surfaces on thin films of cured UF resins before and after the etching with hydrochloric acid as a simulation of the hydrolytic degradation process. FE-SEM images showed that the exterior surface of cured UF resin with the F/U mole ratio of 1.0 had spherical structures after the acid hydrolysis while the other cured UF resins were not the case. However, the fracture surface observation showed that all the samples possessed spherical structures in the cured state of UF resins although their occurrence and size decreased as the F/U mole ratio increased. For the first time, we found the spherical structures in cured UF resins of higher F/U mole ratio of 1.4. After the acid hydrolysis, the spherical structures became a much predominant at the fracture surface. These results indicated that the spherical structures in cured UF resinswere much more resistant to the hydrolytic degradation by the acid than amorphous region.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.600-606
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• 2004

$Zn_{2}SiO_{4}:Mn$ phosphor particles were prepared by a flame spray pyrolysis method. It has been generally known that the high-temperature flame enables fast drying and decomposition of droplets. In the present investigation, the morphology and luminescent property of $Zn_{2}SiO_{4}:Mn$ phosphor were controlled in a severe flame preparation condition. The particle formation in the flame spray pyrolysis process was achieved by the droplet-to-particle conversion without any evaporation of precursors, which made it possible to obtain spherical $Zn_{2}SiO_{4}:Mn$ particles of a pure phase from a droplet. Using colloidal solutions wherein dispersed nano-sized silica particles were adopted as a silicon precursor. $Zn_{2}SiO_{4}:Mn$ particles with spherical shape and filled morphology were prepared and the spherical morphology was maintained even after the high-temperature heat treatment, which is necessary to increase the photoluminescence intensity. The $Zn_{2}SiO_{4}:Mn$ particles with spherical shape, which were prepared by the flame spray pyrolysis and posttreated at $1150^{\circ}C$, showed good luminescent characteristics under vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2016

Direct laser melting(DLM) is an additive manufacturing process that can produce parts by solidification of molten metallic powder layer by layer. The properties of the fabricated parts strongly depend on characteristics of the metallic powder. Atomized powders having spherical morphology have commonly been used for DLM. Mechanical ball-milling is a powder processing technique that can provide non-spherical solid powders without melting. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of powder morphologies on the deposition quality in DLM. To characterize the morphological effect, the performances of spherical and non-spherical powders were compared using both single- and multi-track DLM experiments. DLM experiments were performed with various laser process parameters such as laser power and scan rate, and the deposition quality was evaluated. The surface roughness, cross-section bead shape and process defects such as balling or non-filled area were compared and discussed in this study.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.496-502
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• 2005

Green-light emitting $BaMgAl_{10}O_{19}:Mn^{2+}$ (BAM:Mn) phosphor particles were prepared by spray Pyrolysis. The effect of reactor temperature and flow rate of carrier gas in the spray Pyrolysis on the morphology, crystallinity and photoluminescence characteristics under vacuum ultraviolet were investigated. The morphology of the as-Prepared Particles obtained by spray Pyrolysis had spherical shape and non-aggregation characteristics regardless of the reactor temperature. The spherical shape of the as-prepared Particles obtained by spray pyrolysis at low temperature disappeared after Post-treatment. On the other hand the as-Prepared Particles obtained by spray Pyrolysis at $1600^{\circ}C$ maintained spherical shape and non-aggregation characteristics after post-treatment at $1400^{\circ}C$ for 3 h under reducing atmosphere. The BAM:Mn Phosphor Particles Prepared by spray Pyrolysis at different reactor temperatures had pure crystal structure and high photoluminescence intensities under vacuum ultraviolet after post-treatment. BAM:Mn phosphor particles prepared by spray Pyrolysis at low How rate of carrier gas had complete spherical shape and filed morphology and high photoluminescence intensity after post-treatment under reducing atmosphere.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.710-715
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• 2002

The spherical nonagglomerated and uniform nanometer-size SiO$_2$particles are synthesized by the injection of TEOS vapor, irons and reaction gas in a furnace. Ions are generated by corona discharge and these ions charge SiO$_2$particles. As a result, spherical, nonagglomerated and ultrafine particles are generated in various conditions. Their morphology, charging portion and size distribution are examined by using TEM, ESP and SMPS. As the applied voltage of electrode changes from 0 to 5.0 kV, it is observed that the melon diameter of SiO$_2$particle decreases from 94 nm to 42 nm.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 2008

Blue-emitting BAM:Eu phosphor powders were formed by post-treatment of precursor powders with hollow or dense morphologies. The morphologies of the precursor powders obtained by spray pyrolysis were controlled by changing the preparation conditions and by changing the type of spray solution. The effects of the morphologies of the precursor powders on the characteristics of the BAM : Eu phosphor powders reacted with $AlF_3$ flux were investigated. Precursor powders with a spherical shape and a hollow morphology produced BAM : Eu phosphor powders with a plate-like morphology, a fine size and a narrow size distribution. On the other hand, precursor powders with a spherical shape and dense morphology produced BAM : Eu phosphor powders with a plate-like morphology and a large size. $AlF_3$ flux improved the photoluminescence intensities of the BAM : Eu phosphor powders. The photoluminescence intensity of the fine-sized BAM : Eu phosphor powders with a plate-like morphology was 90% of the commercial product under vacuum ultraviolet conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 1999

Spherical alumina powders were prepared by the controlled hydrolysis of aluminum iso-propoxide in a solution consisting of n-octyl alcohol and acetonitrile. As aluminum alkoxide's concentration increased, the particle size was increased and size distribution was more broad. As-prepared particle morphology was not spherical when acetonitrile volume fraction was increased over than 60%. As-prepared amorphous powders crystallized to ${\gamma}$-alumina at $1000^{\circ}C$ and converted to ${\alpha}$-alumina at $1150^{\circ}C$. The particle morphology was retain after crystallization ${\alpha}$-alumina. When aluminum iso-propoxide was used as aluminum source, the optimum preparation condition of spherical alumina was 0.1M AIP, 0.2M H2O, $0.1g/{\ell}$ HPC with a volume fraction (1/1) of the n-octyl alcohol/acetonitrile, 10min of reaction time and 30min of aging time.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2006

[ $BaMgAl_{10}O_{19}:Mn^{2+}$ ](BAM:Mn) phosphor particles with spherical shape were prepared by spray pyrolysis from colloidal solution with silica. The phosphor particles prepared by spray pyrolysis from aqueous solution had irregular morphology after high temperature post-treatment. On the other hand, the phosphor particles prepared from spray solution with colloidal silica had spherical shape after post-treatment. Colloidal silica used as additive improved the spherical shape and filled morphology of the precursor particles prepared by spray pyrolysis. The precursor particles with filled structure produced the BAM:Mn phosphor particles with spherical shape and non-aggregation characteristics after post-treatment at $1400^{\circ}C$ under reducing atmosphere. The phosphor particles prepared from colloidal solutions formed the crystal structure of BAM:Mn phosphor irrespective of the silica contents. The BAM:Mn phosphor particles prepared from aqueous and colloidal solutions had similar photoluminescence intensities under vacuum ultraviolet.