• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.88-94
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• 1997

황해 서식 대하(P. chinenesis) 각 개체군의 유전 구조를 파악하기 위하여 미토콘드리아 DNA(mtDNA)를 추출한 후 BamHI등 15종의 제한효소를 이용한 제한효소 절편 다형 현상 (Restriction Fragment Length Polymer-phisms; RFLPs)을 분석하였으며 보리새우 (P. japonicus)와의 염기 치환 정도를 비교하기 위하여 일본 나가사키 1 집단의 절편 양상도 함께 분석하였다. 한국의 대천, 진도, 나로도 집단과 중국의 발해, 청도 집단 등 5개 집단을 분석한 결과, 대하에서는 3종의 haplotype이 발견되었으나 5개 집단 모두가 하나의 haplotype에 의해 지배되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 나타난 변이는 2종류로 Cla I과 Pvu II 인식부위가 부가된 변이가 청도와 나로도 집단에서 출현하였을 뿐 전 집단에 대한 나머지 13종의 제한 효소 절편 양상은 모두 동일한 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과에서 보면 황해산 대하의 각 집단 사이에는 활발한 유전자 교류가 있는 것으로 판단되며, 3개 계군에 대한 지금까지의 구분은 재검토되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 대하와 보리새우의 mtDNA 공통절편을 이용한 p 값에 의한 염기치환은 $13.7\%$ 정도인 것으로 나타났으며, 제한 효소별 절편의 크기를 비교한 결과 대하의 mtDNA의 크기는 평균 16.44kb였고 보리새우는 약 16.31kb였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.799-807
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• 2014

Meat source fraud and adulteration scandals have led to consumer demands for accurate meat identification methods. Nucleotide amplification assays have been proposed as an alternative method to protein-based assays for meat identification. In this study, we designed Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays targeting species-specific mitochondrial DNA to identify and discriminate eight meat species; cattle, pig, horse, goat, sheep, chicken, duck, and turkey. The LAMP primer sets were designed and the target genes were discriminated according to their unique annealing temperature generated by annealing curve analysis. Their unique annealing temperatures were found to be $85.56{\pm}0.07^{\circ}C$ for cattle, $84.96{\pm}0.08^{\circ}C$ for pig, and $85.99{\pm}0.05^{\circ}C$ for horse in the BSE-LAMP set (Bos taurus, Sus scrofa domesticus and Equus caballus); $84.91{\pm}0.11^{\circ}C$ for goat and $83.90{\pm}0.11^{\circ}C$ for sheep in the CO-LAMP set (Capra hircus and Ovis aries); and $86.31{\pm}0.23^{\circ}C$ for chicken, $88.66{\pm}0.12^{\circ}C$ for duck, and $84.49{\pm}0.08^{\circ}C$ for turkey in the GAM-LAMP set (Gallus gallus, Anas platyrhynchos and Meleagris gallopavo). No cross-reactivity was observed in each set. The limits of detection (LODs) of the LAMP assays in raw and cooked meat were determined from $10pg/{\mu}L$ to $100fg/{\mu}L$ levels, and LODs in raw and cooked meat admixtures were determined from 0.01% to 0.0001% levels. The assays were performed within 30 min and showed greater sensitivity than that of the PCR assays. These novel LAMP assays provide a simple, rapid, accurate, and sensitive technology for discrimination of eight meat species.

• BMB Reports
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.114-117
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• 2001

Cervi Parvum Cornu is widely used as a hemopoietic, tonifying, growth-promoting, cardiotonic, and immuno-modulating agent in Korea. In order to develop the quality control method of Cervi Parvum Cornu by the identification of the biological source or origin, the molecular approach was applied using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and PCR-RFLF (PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis. In the PCR analysis of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene and cytochrome b gene regions, no distinctive DNA bands from Cervidae (deer) antlers and Rangifer (reindeer) antlers were observed. However, when the amplified products in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene region were subjected to restriction digestion with TaqI, Cervidae antlers showed an undigested state of 380 by band, differently from two bands of 230 by and 1S0 by from Rangifer antlers. Based on this finding, the base sequences of amplified PCR products in the range of mitochondria) cytochrome b gene from Cervidae antlers and Rangifer antlers were determined and subjected to restriction analysis by various endonucleases. The results showed that antlers from Rangifer species could be simply discriminated with other antlers from 8 Cervidae species (Chinese deer, Russian deer, Hong Kong deer, New Zealand deer, Kazakhstan deer, elk, red deer and Sika deer) by PCR-RFLP analysis using AtuI, HaeIII, HpaII or Sau3AI(MboI) as well as TaqI in the range of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2003

알렉산드륨 적조생물 속에서 마비성 패류독소를 생산하는 종을 신속하게 동정하므로 패류양식의 독성 모니터링과 방제에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. 자연상태에서 영양세포가 출현하기 전 알렉산드륨 타마렌스의 휴면포자만을 신속하게 분리 동정한다는 것은 근본적인 마비성 패류독소 모니터링 및 예측에 큰 역할을 할 수 있다. cTAM-Fl DNA probe은 알렉산드륨 타마렌스의 영양세포 뿐만 아니라 primuline으로 염색하여 메타놀로 고정한 휴면포자에도 반응이 되었다. 영양세포와 휴면포자에 반응되는 DNA probe 위치는 핵내의 말단 부위에 보였다. DNA probe가 세포내로 삽입되는데 가장 적합한 온도와 시간은 50-$54^{\circ}C$, 40-60분이 좋았다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2002

The following is a list of morphologic and genetic characteristics of Pinellia tuber. 1. The original plant of Pinellia tuber is Pinellia ternata$(T_{HUNB})$$B_{REIT}$. With regards to its external morphology, it is smaller than other Araceae species and its spadix is longer than its leaves, which trifurcate. 2. As regards its internal morphology, its mucous cell is elliptical and the vessel is helical or annular-shaped. Granules exist in abundance and in various shapes. 3. Distribution and size of laticifers are the key criteria on which to differentiate between domestic and imported Pinellia tuber. Laticifers are mainly distributed in the epidermis in domestic Pinellia tuber and in the cortical parenchyma in imported Pinellia tuber. The size of laticifers is somewhere between 1,3 and $8{\mu}m$ in diameter in imported Pinellia tuber bigger than its domestic counterpart. 4. RAPD markers display a great similarity in bands between domestic and Chinese Pinellia tuber. However, RAPD primers 352, 358, 365, 368 and 374 are distinctive markers for domestic Pinellia tuber. In the meantime, North Korean Pinellia tuber, morphologically similar to domestic Pinellia tuber, is genertically distinctive from its domestic counterpart in primers 354, 358, 365, 368, 374 and 379, a finding that supports the postulation that North Korean Pinellia tuber is tuber of another Araceae species.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.806-811
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• 2007

Bacillus anthracis is a soil pathogen capable of causing anthrax that is closely related to several environmental species, including B. cereus, B. mycoides, and B. thuringiensis. DNA homology studies showed that B. anthracis, B. cereus, B. mycoides, and B. thuringiensis are closely related, with a high sequence homology. To establish a method to specifically detect B. anthracis in situations such as environmental contamination, we initially performed RAPD-PCR with a 10-mer random primer and confirmed the presence of specific PCR bands only in B. anthracis species. One region specific for B. anthracis was cloned and sequenced, and an internal primer set was designed to amplify a 241-bp DNA fragment within the sequenced region. The PCR system involving these specific primer sets has practical applications. Using lyses methods to prepare the samples for PCR, it was possible to quickly amplify the 241-bp DNA segment from samples containing only a few bacteria. Thus, the PCR detection method developed in this study is expected to facilitate the monitoring of environmental B. anthracis contamination.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2014

Bacteria 군집 차이를 이용한 신속한 한국산 및 중국산 김치 원산지 판별 가능성의 검토를 위하여 Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) 분석법을 적용하였다. T-RFLP 분석은 김치발효에 관여하는 주요 유산균의 빠르고, 재현성 있는 검출에는 효과적이었지만, 종(species) 수준에서의 미생물 확인에는 한계를 가지고 있어 한국산 및 중국산 김치에 특이적으로 존재하는 bacteria의 검출에는 부적합한 것으로 평가되었다. T-RFLP를 적용한 발효과정 중의 한국산 및 중국산 김치에 존재하는 bacteria 군집 천이 분석은 비슷한 양상으로 나타났고, Bacillus 속이 발효 후기까지 검출되었다. 또한 Bacillus 속은 발효 후기에 포자를 형성하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.421-428
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• 2018

The white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is one of the most widely cultivated species of edible mushroom. Despite its economic importance, relatively little is known about the genetic diversity of this species. Illumina paired-end sequencing produced 43,871,558 clean reads and 69,174 contigs were generated from five offspring. These contigs were subsequently assembled into 57,594 unigenes. The unigenes were annotated with reference genome in which 6,559 unigenes were associated with clusters, indicating orthologous genes. Gene ontology classification assigned many unigenes. Based on genome data of the five offspring, 44 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed. The major allele frequency ranged from 0.42 to 0.92. The number of genotypes and the number of alleles ranged from 1 to 4, and from 2 to 4, respectively. The observed heterozygosity and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.00 to 1.00, and from 0.15 to 0.64, respectively. The polymorphic information content value ranged from 0.14 to 0.57. The genetic distances and UPGMA clustering discriminated offspring strains. The SSR markers developed in this study can be applied in polymorphism analyses of button mushroom and for cultivar discrimination.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2024

효과적인 동물 생태계 분석을 위해서는 동물 서식 현황을 자동으로 파악할 수 있는 동물 관제 기술이 중요하다. 특히 울음소리로 종을 판별하는 동물 소리 분류 기술은 영상을 통한 판별이 어려운 환경에서 큰 주목을 받고 있다. 기존 연구들은 단일 딥러닝 모델을 사용하여 동물 소리를 분류하였으나, 야외 환경에서 수집된 동물 소리는 많은 배경 잡음을 포함하여 단일 모델의 판별력을 악화시키며, 종에 따른 데이터 불균형으로 인해 모델의 편향된 학습을 야기한다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 클래스의 데이터 수를 고려하여 페널티를 부여하는 Focal Loss를 사용한 여러 분류 모델의 예측결과를 앙상블을 통해 결합하여 잡음이 많은 동물 소리를 효과적으로 분류할 수 있는 기법을 제안한다. 공개 데이터 셋을 사용한 실험에서, 제안된 기법은 단일 모델의 평균 성능에 비해 Recall 기준으로 최대 22.6%의 성능 개선을 달성하였다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.575-587
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• 2015

The development in data collection techniques results in high dimensional data sets, where discrimination is an important and commonly encountered problem that are crucial to resolve when high dimensional data is heterogeneous (non-common variance covariance structure for classes). An example of this is to classify microbial habitat preferences based on codon/bi-codon usage. Habitat preference is important to study for evolutionary genetic relationships and may help industry produce specific enzymes. Most classification procedures assume homogeneity (common variance covariance structure for all classes), which is not guaranteed in most high dimensional data sets. We have introduced regularized elimination in partial least square coupled with QDA (rePLS-QDA) for the parsimonious variable selection and classification of high dimensional heterogeneous data sets based on recently introduced regularized elimination for variable selection in partial least square (rePLS) and heterogeneous classification procedure quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA). A comparison of proposed and existing methods is conducted over the simulated data set; in addition, the proposed procedure is implemented to classify microbial habitat preferences by their codon/bi-codon usage. Five bacterial habitats (Aquatic, Host Associated, Multiple, Specialized and Terrestrial) are modeled. The classification accuracy of each habitat is satisfactory and ranges from 89.1% to 100% on test data. Interesting codon/bi-codons usage, their mutual interactions influential for respective habitat preference are identified. The proposed method also produced results that concurred with known biological characteristics that will help researchers better understand divergence of species.