• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1015-1026
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• 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate three different degrees of white striping (WS) addressing their automatic assessment and customer acceptance. The WS classification was performed based on a computer vision system (CVS), exploring different machine learning (ML) algorithms and the most important image features. Moreover, it was verified by consumer acceptance and purchase intent. Methods: The samples for image analysis were classified by trained specialists, according to severity degrees regarding visual and firmness aspects. Samples were obtained with a digital camera, and 25 features were extracted from these images. ML algorithms were applied aiming to induce a model capable of classifying the samples into three severity degrees. In addition, two sensory analyses were performed: 75 samples properly grilled were used for the first sensory test, and 9 photos for the second. All tests were performed using a 10-cm hybrid hedonic scale (acceptance test) and a 5-point scale (purchase intention). Results: The information gain metric ranked 13 attributes. However, just one type of image feature was not enough to describe the phenomenon. The classification models support vector machine, fuzzy-W, and random forest showed the best results with similar general accuracy (86.4%). The worst performance was obtained by multilayer perceptron (70.9%) with the high error rate in normal (NORM) sample predictions. The sensory analysis of acceptance verified that WS myopathy negatively affects the texture of the broiler breast fillets when grilled and the appearance attribute of the raw samples, which influenced the purchase intention scores of raw samples. Conclusion: The proposed system has proved to be adequate (fast and accurate) for the classification of WS samples. The sensory analysis of acceptance showed that WS myopathy negatively affects the tenderness of the broiler breast fillets when grilled, while the appearance attribute of the raw samples eventually influenced purchase intentions.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.159-171
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• 2021

In order for young people to be interested in tradition, a specialized experience program that can be frequently encountered is needed. We have developed an after-school traditional gift-wrapping design program in relation to the subject of home economics for the purpose of enabling students to become interested in tradition and deepen their traditional knowledge. The research process was comprised of analysis, development, and evaluation. We analyzed the home economics curriculum, authentic designs from blogs and department stores along with books published by gift-wrapping associations, and interviews with three gift wrapping specialists. Contemporary traditional packaging design is not limited to the reproduction of the traditional design but also creates designs that strongly express unique Korean identity using traditional symbol patterns, colors, traditional decorations, and small items along with modern materials. A 16-week after-school program was developed based on the analysis results. After the implementation of the after-school program in a middle school, survey results showed students who were indifferent toward tradition showed interest and acquired a positive image towards tradition.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.4-12
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• 2021

Spinal metastases can present with varying degrees of mechanical instability. The Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) was developed as a tool to assess spinal neoplastic-related instability while helping to guide referrals among oncology specialists. Some previous papers suggested that the SINS was accurate and reliable, while others disagreed with this opinion. We performed a systematic review regarding the SINS to evaluate its accuracy and precision in predicting vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). The 21 included studies investigated a total of 2118 patients. Thirteen studies dealt with the accuracy of SINS to predict post-radiotherapy VCFs, and eight dealt with the precision. Among 13 studies, 11 agreed that the SINS categories showed statistically significant accuracy in predicting VCF. Among eight studies, body collapse was effective for predicting VCFs in six studies, and alignment and bone lesion in two studies. Location has no statistical significance in predicting VCFs in any of the eight studies. The precision of SINS categories was substantial to excellent in six of eight studies. Among the six components of the SINS, the majority of the included studies reported that location showed near perfect agreement; body collapse, alignment, and posterolateral involvement showed moderate agreement; and bone lesion showed fair agreement. Bone lesion showed significant accuracy in predicting VCFs in half of eight studies, but displayed fair reliability in five of seven studies. Although location was indicated as having near perfect reliability, the component showed no accuracy for predicting VCFs in any of the studies and deleting or modifying the item needs to be considered. The SINS system may be accurate and reliable in predicting the occurrence of post-radiotherapy VCFs for spinal metastasis. Some components seem to be substantially weak and need to be revised.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-51
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• 2016

This study was designed to analyze instructors's perceptions on legislation of the amendments of the Higher Education Law in 2011 and discuss some issues related to direction for revision henceforth. This study explored two research questions. First, how do instructors perceive the legislation of the amendments of Higher Education Law? Second, how do they think the directions for the revision of the law? To complete this task, the author conducted in-depth interviews with 16 interviewees; 13 instructors and 3 specialists of the higher education. As a result of in-depth interviews, the author found that instructors perceive the law as condescending law or election-based law even though they recognize the significance of the law. They predict that the law can increase non-tenure track faculty members. In addition, they emphasize the law should be revised to improve the instructors' labor condition substantially, for instance increase of the teaching pay and employment stabilization. However, instructors' opinions on the law itself and its revision direction are divided according to their age and major. Based on the results of this study, I discussed some potential issues of the revision of the law and suggested improvement plans.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.57-81
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to summarise the educational meanings of Official Foreign Language Schools(hereafter, OFLS) in Korea, 1895-1906. Especially, I try to find out the foreign language policy of the Joseon Dynasty and the comparative superiority between six foreign language schools - Japanese School, English School, French School, Russian School, Chinese School, and German School - through the traits of teachers and the change of students numbers at the Regulation Period. As a part of Kabo Reforms, the government had abolished the of Civil Service Examination System and status system, and foreign languages worked as a cultural capital to acquire modern civilization and to escalate one's social status. The results were as follows: Firstly, the OFLS have to be regarded as one of the highest educational institute during the Regulation Period. The eligibility of the OFLS was over 15 years old, but most of the incoming students were over 20 years old. Secondly, many of the OFLS's teachers were specialists of military, diplomat and mechanics. Especially, Martel, the teacher of French school played an important role for the neutral diplomacy policy of the Great Korean(Dae-Han) Empire during the Regulation Period. Thirdly, the recruit of new members of the OFLS was affected by the political and social circumstances at that time. Fourthly, the statistics of incoming students during the Regulation Period was concentrated on Chinese school, French school, and English school in due order. Thus, it differed from the commonly accepted ideas of students' statistics which was concentrated on English School and Japanese School. Fifthly, the OFLS were not only for the training of official interpreters(譯官通事), but also the cultivation of civil servants who could become statesman.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.32
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• pp.29-50
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• 2008

This thesis is an introduction and critique of the recently released 'Wongyo-Jinjeok(원교진적)'. 'Wongyo-Jinjeok' is the critique of Seokjeong Jeong-Jik Lee (석정 이정직, 1841-1910), a practical scientist and writer during the last years of the Korean Empire, on the calligraphy of Wongyo(원교) Gwang-Sa Lee (이광사, 1705-1777). Even though whether or not Seokjeong follows the flow of Donggukjinche(동국진체) is to be determined by the specialists in this field, this thesis is based on the view that Seokjeong was influenced by Donggukjinche. The academic value of 'Wongyo-Jinjeok' is Seokjeong's preface and epilogue which critiques Wongyo's writing. 'Wongyo-Jinjeok'is a collection of calligraphic specimens from the 18 pieces of Chinese poetry Wongyo had written before and after June 1756 which was the year after he was banished to Booryung. Seokjeong critiqued the writing of Wongyo from the perspective of calligraphic history in the preface and epilogue of 'Wongyo-Jinjeok'. Seokjeong had been positive about Wongyo's taking after the pre-Wangheejee calligraphic style. But at the same time, Seokjeong thought that Wongyo's ability to create was limited by the public morals of that time. Such thought of Seokjeong can be interpreted as an evaluation of Wongyo's calligraphy as having been externally stern but failing to transcend the realm of mastery to the realm of creation.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.209-214
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• 2017

Background and Objectives Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) is one of the most effective treatment modalities of tinnitus based on the neurophysiological model proposed by Jastreboff and Hazell. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of counselor factor on treatment outcomes of TRT. Subjects and Method The total of 78 patients who had TRT from three different counselors in a tinnitus clinic of tertiary referral center from Jan 2015 to Dec 2015 were included in this study. Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the therapeutic response to TRT. Results Among 78 patients who were followed-up for more than 6 months, 47, 20, and 11 patients were treated by counselors A, B, C (all ENT specialists), respectively. Counselor A had 15-year-experience of TRT counseling, whereas counselor B and C were well trained but beginners of TRT counseling. Initial clinical characteristics including Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and tinnitus Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of the patients among three groups were not significantly different. Treatment responses evaluated via THI and most of the tinnitus VAS scores after at least 6 months after TRT were significantly improved in all three groups (p<0.05) with no significant difference between the senior (A) and junior (B, C) group. Conclusion TRT seems to be an effective treatment modality of tinnitus even in this short term follow-up study. Treatment outcomes of TRT may not depend on the counselors once they are well trained and follow the same protocol.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.108-119
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• 2021

We aimed to develop a naturalness index for forest-dwelling birds in four national parks in Korea and to simulate the effect of species loss on this naturalness index. Five bird specialists were asked to give 112 bird species a disturbance susceptibility score (DSS), and the naturalness index was calculated based on this. The 112 bird species represented 8 orders (Cuculiformes, Piciformes, Accipitriformes, Falconiformes, Columbiformes, Caprimulgiformes, Strigiformes, and Passeriformes). DSS was the highest for Terpsiphone atrocaudata and Pitta nympha, and lowest for Pica pica, Hypsipetes amaurotis, and Streptopelia orientalis. There was a significant negative relationship between a species' population number and its DSS. Among the four national parks, Mt. Songni had the highest naturalness index, followed by Mt. Wolak, Mt. Juwang, and Mt. Wolchul. We investigated the change in biodiversity indices under four scenarios, which assumed the extinction of species with less than 5 (Scenario 1), 10 (Scenario 2), 50 (Scenario 3), and 100 individuals (Scenario 4). The results showed that although all biodiversity indices decreased as the species loss increased, they all behaved differently. Fisher's alpha diversity decreased as the number of species proportionally decreased. There was almost no change in Shannon-Wiener H' index in Scenarios 1 and 2. The naturalness index showed increased sensitivity in Scenarios 1 and 4. Our future aims are to obtain the DSS for all forest-dwelling bird species, and to adopt the naturalness index to evaluate temporal and spatial changes in biodiversity.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.237-255
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• 2021

Lychnis wilfordii (Regel) Maxim. is one of the wetland specialists mainly distributed in peatlands at high latitudes. In Korea, it is isolated in two regions. This study investigated habitats, growth traits, and self-compatibility of L. wilfordii and assessed the internal dynamics of its population persistence. Its population has remained stable in the Yongneup Wetland Protected Area (YWPA). There was a clear difference in vegetation environment between YWPA and the distribution area in Daegwallyeong (DWL), Pyeongchang-gun. It has self-compatibility while pollinators facilitate its seed production. It produces a large number of hibernacles and bears the maximum number of branches and fruits in soil with rich organic contents. However, it grows and bears fruits even under the condition of low organic contents. In YWPA, L. wilfordii is not distributed in high moor but widely distributed in low moor where tussocks by Carex thunbergii var. appendiculata are developed. It is mainly distributed on the top of tussocks also. Therefore, it is judged that the formation, growth, and extinction of tussocks by C. thunbergii var. appendiculata is closely related to the establishment, growth, and extinction of plants distributed in this space. It is assessed that the current YWPA has well-developed tussocks in which L. wilfordii is widely distributed, and extinction and re-establishment progress well. Accordingly, the L. wilfordii population is expected to be sustainable in the long term given if its current ecological process is maintained well.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2021

Introduction : OMFT is a therapeutic technique based on sensorimotor, motor control and motor learning, and its major goal is to improve oral motor function. The oral motor conceptual hierarchical development is divided into 5 steps: 1) sensorimotor, 2) movement integration, 3) structural movement, 4) functional oral motor, and 5) comprehensive oral motor. Discussion : The OMFT consists of 3 techniques, 10 categories, and 50 sub-item. 1) Warming up technique: 2 categories, 12 sub-item, warming up by sensory awareness and adaptation, therapy situation adaptation, neck movement; 2) Key point technique: 7 categories, 30 sub-item, oral motor facilitation and increasing chewing skill by direct stroke of oral structures such as the face, lips, cheeks, gum, jaws, and tongue; 3) Application technique: 1 category, 8 sub-item, facilitate food intake and swallowing. Conclusion : The goal of this article is to introduce 3 techniques, 50 sub-item of OMFT, as a comprehensive oral motor therapy method, for application to clients. This article provides information that will help oral motor specialists in treating clients with oral motor problems more effectively and professionally.