• 교육시설
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2005

This study is the second that aims at offering the basic information on the appropriate spatial organization of the special classes by looking at the relationship between a group of learning activities and a group of playing activities in Elementary and Middle Schools The learning space unit of the special classes should be more flexible for the various learning activities and be prepared in order to correspond to the needs of a territory for different learning appeared according to the degree of handicap, learning ability and the contents of learning. This study dealt with the learning space unit to tackle the problems of special classes. In fact, it is unwise to offer so many different kinds of learning spaces in every school. Due to the manifold and multiple characteristics of handicap, the problem of special classes should be approached by the overall educational system of special educational facilities rather than by a special classes space alone. In this respect, it can be said that this problem should be tackled by reorganization of the special classes in the community through specialization and network system of special class facilities in order to make more effective educational environment.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 비-최대 복소 이차 정수환(order)의 가역 이데알의 특성을 이용하는 암호계중에서 매우 중요한 이산대수문제(DLP)를 제안하고 그의 안전성을 분석하려고 한다. 우선 이러한 이산대수문제를 제안하게 된 수학적인 배경을 소개한 다음, Cls (O) 위에서 안전한 이산대수문제를 구축 한다. 또한 제안된 암호계의 안전성을 결정하는 최대 복소 이차 정수환의 류군(class group)의 류수(class number)와 비최대 류반군(class semigroup)의 류수를 비교하여 안전성이 증가하는 정도를 계산한다. 마지막으로 이데알의 소 이데알 인수분해과정에서 유일인수분해의 가능성 문제를 기반으로 최대 order의 류군(class group)위에서의 DLP와 비최대 류반군(class semigroup)위에서의 DLP를 비교하면서, 본 논문에서 제안된 DLP의 안전성을 검증하고자 한다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2019

이 연구는 장애학생을 위한 가상현실 기반 중재프로그램에 대한 특수교사의 인식을 비교하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 전국 특수학교 및 특수학급에 재직하고 있는 364명의 특수교사를 대상으로 설문을 실시하였다. 이중 무응답과 부적절한 설문지를 제외하고 총 324명의 설문지를 분석하였다. 수집된 자료는 독립표본 t검정과 일원분산분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 가상현실 기반 중재에 대한 수용 의도는 남교사가 여교사에 비하여 높았고, 10년 이하의 특수교사가 16년 이상의 경력을 가진 특수교사보다 높은 수용의도를 나타냈으며, 중학교와 고등학교에 근무하는 특수교사가 유치원에 근무하는 특수교사보다 수용의도가 높았다. 적용 가능성, 적용 효과성, 활용의지에 대해서는 10년 이하의 교사가 16년 이상의 경력을 가진 교사보다 가상현실기반 중재에 대하여 긍정적인 인식을 가지고 있었고, 중학교와 고등학교에 근무하는 특수교사가 유치원에 근무하는 특수교사보다 가상현실 기반 중재에 대하여 긍정적인 인식을 가지고 있었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.769-778
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• 2007

This paper proposes a multiplication algorithm for $F_{p^m}$, which can be efficiently applied to many pairs of characteristic p and extension degree m except for the case that 8p divides m(p-1). It uses a special class of type- Gauss period normal bases. This algorithm has several advantages: it is easily parallelized; Frobenius mapping is easily carried out since its basis is a normal basis; its calculation cost is clearly given; and it is sufficiently practical and useful when parameters k and m are small.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제6권8호
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• pp.857-870
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• 1998

This paper deals with a special class of inverse problems in discrete structural plasticity involving the identification of elastic limits and hardening moduli on the basis of information on displacements. The governing equations lead naturally to a special and challenging optimization problem known as a Mathematical Program with Equilibrium Constraints (MPEC), a key feature of which is the orthogonality of two sign-constrained vectors or so-called "complementarity" condition. We investigate numerically the application of two simple algorithms, both based on the use of the general purpose nonlinear programming code CONOPT accessed via the GAMS modeling language, for solving the suitably reformulated problem. Application is illustrated by means of two numerical examples.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.758-762
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• 2007

Revenue management is a new approach method to solve the problem of supply and demand, and one of fields which is diffused quickly at the service enterprise to use perishable-asset like the transportation business. It is based on multiple fare policy that discount charge reservation should be received if the benefit value of current discount fare is more than expected profit of the normal fare reservation it will be able to occur in future when suitable goods is sold to the customers at discount fare, at the time they want, and at assigned seat by controlling supply and demand from market. In this research, I will review on initial operation case for special class goods that the seat which is limited is assigned at some of train and portion of KTX for demand dispersion and new demand creation at peak time, put a limit in purchase conditions, and provides discounted fare. I will also try to find implication for strategic operation.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.867-873
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• 2024

A pseudo-Riemannian solvmanifold is a solvable Lie group endowed with a left invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric. In this short note, we investigate the nilpotency of the Ricci operator of pseudo-Riemannian solvmanifolds. We focus on a special class of solvable Lie groups whose Lie algebras can be expressed as a one-dimensional extension of a nilpotent Lie algebra ℝD⋉n, where D is a derivation of n whose restriction to the center of n has at least one real eigenvalue. The main result asserts that every solvable Lie group belonging to this special class admits a left invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric with nilpotent Ricci operator. As an application, we obtain a complete classification of three-dimensional solvable Lie groups which admit a left invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric with nilpotent Ricci operator.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2014

A new class of bivariate distributions is derived by specifying its conditionals as the exponential and gamma distributions. Some properties and relations with other distributions of the new class are studied. In particular, the estimation of parameters is considered by the methods of maximum likelihood and pseudolikelihood of a special case of the new class. An application using a real bivariate data is given for illustrating the flexibility of the new class in this context, and, also, for comparing the estimation results obtained by the maximum likelihood and pseudolikelihood methods.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.43-57
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• 2000

The aims of this study were to analyze the influence of related variables on a mode of housing life style, and the related variables to propensity to housing life stymie. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Variables influencing value orientation of family life were property and the price of housing. 2. Variables influencing spending habits were objective social class (SES), types of residence, education of wife, and price of housing. 3. Variables influencing propensity to using space were found to be objective social class (SES), education of wife, types of homeownership, and price of housing. 4. Variables influencing housing life style were objective social class (SES), subjective social class, housing class, family life cycle, housing life cycle, types of residence, site of residence, age of husband, age of wife, education of husband, education of wife, income, property, job of husband, types of homeownership, size of housing, and price of housing.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.159-172
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• 1999

Relationships between socio-demographic variables and parents' education invest-ment motivation variables and extra-class private education expenditures were examined using a sample of 602 households in Inchon Korea. Tobit analysis was used. Singal-cognitive motivation parents' duty motivation household income housing asset father's occupation class and number of children had significant effects on extra-class private education expenditures on general high school students. To alleviate overspending in extra-class private education diploma pursuing society has to be changed and formal school education need to be properly functioning. Finally parents seek new child education paradigm for the creative labor demand in the next millenium.