• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.42-50
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the communication behavior styles of hemodialysis nurses based on the structured Q-methodology. The Q-population was formulated based on literature reviews and in-depth interviews with 10 hemodialysis nurses who were working in hospitals in Seoul and Anyang-si, Gyeonggi Province. A total of 50 Q-samples, which were believed to best represent the communication behavior styles of hemodialysis nurses, were selected from the Q-population by the author and a professor majoring in nursing. 30 P-samples were selected from hemodialysis nurses who were working in primary, secondary, and tertiary hospitals in Seoul. Q-sorting was performed by P-samples and data was analyzed through the pc-QUANL program. The results suggested that there are four types of communication behavior styles of hemodialysis nurses, namely: "type I: listening and speaking courteously with an active mind", "type II: listening and speaking courteously with a receptive mind", "type III: advising with an explanation" and "type IV: super-reasonable with a defensive mind". It is expected that the analytical results described here may provide basic information that can be used to develop educational material for hemodialysis nurses.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.5-20
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• 2003

The purpose of the research on the noise of educational facilities is to build up pleasant environments by minimizing the influence on the students in the school. This study provides fundamental data for acoustic design by measuring, computer simulation and analyzing the room acoustic characteristics of the lecture room in middle school. For measurement on the factors of room acoustic, RT of lecture room and noise reductions depending on various walls of different structures were measured and analyzed. The lecture system being installed and carried out on the normal lecture room was divided into 4 types-employment of multimedia machines, employment of multimedia machines and loud speakers, employment of loud speaker, and existing verbal speaking-and SPL for each type was measured and analyzed. Based on the measured characteristics of acoustic characteristics for normal lecture room, the problems for environment of noise were understood through computer simulation, applications for improvements of performance for each facility were studied, schemes for improvements of performance by using the effects were presented, necessary fundamental data were secured, and schemes to enhance flexibility on the existing facilities of school against changing educational courses were secured.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.95-106
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between the sex role types and the interests toward contents in practical arts of elementary school students. The questionnaire was composed of questions about the types of sex role and interests toward contents in practical arts. contents in practical arts subject were hoe economics agriculture technology computer. The respondents were 123 sixth grade boys and 122 girls from elementary schools in Seoul and Taegu. 245 questionnaires were used for data analysis. Frequency. percent x(sup)2-test. average, standard deviation, F-test. and Duncan’s multiple range test were followed. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Generally speaking androgynous and undifferentiated sex role type are more frequent than masculine and feminine type in elementary school children. 2. Androgynous sex role type students were higher than undifferentiated and masculine sex role types in scores of the interest toward home economics in practical arts subject. 3. Androgynous masculine and feminine sex role type students were higher than undifferentiated sex role types in scores of the interest toward agriculture in practical arts subject. 4. Masculine sex role type students were higher than androgynous types and undifferentiated and feminine sex role types were lower than androgynous in scores of the interest toward technology in practical arts subject. 5. Androgynous and masculine sex role type students were higher than feminine and undifferentiated sex role types in scores of the interest toward computer in practical arts subject.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.73-85
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the Marital Equality Education Program for women farmers and their husband. Based on the empirical research result of 980 women farmers as basic study for developing this program, marital equality theory, system theory, strong family perspective, stress coping theory, anger control theory, modified Couple Communication Program, marriage enrichment methods, 7 session program was developed. The contents of every session were Reviewing Marriage Relationships, Coping Role Stress, Marital Equality, Self Expression & Speaking, Understanding Spouse & Listening, Anger Control& Resolving Conflict, and Enhancing Marital Relations. The effectiveness of this program was evaluated by pretest, post test, and follow-up 1 month later through 35 rural couples(women farmers and their husband) and it was analyzed by paired t-test and qualitative evaluation was also investigated. The major results were as follows : This program was effective in improving their self-esteem, marital satisfaction, coping role stress & conflicts, and husband's egalitarian role attitude & practice. The results suggested the program had also Positive impacts on the marital equality and relationships. Future research and practical implications were added.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 1997

The mandible plays a crucial role in the vital human functions of breathing, eating, and speaking. No other bone in the body has such a distinctive shape and function. Because of its prominence in the facial structure, the mandible is highly prone to fracture. A clinical study on 122 patients with mandibular fracture who visited Kangnam General Hospital during 4 year(1992-1995) was done by analysing sex, age, cause, fracture site, teeth involvement, treatment method, complication and involvement of other body part. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The occurrence was more frequent in male than in female with the ratio of 5.4 : 1 and most frequently in twenties. 2. Violence was the most common cause of facial mandibular fracture. 3. In mandibular fracure, fracture site was average 1.5 sites, most frequently in symphysis and simple fracture was 86.1%. 4. As treatment methods, open reduction(78.6%) was used more frequently than closed reduction(21.4%). 5. Post-operational complication occurred in 27.0% of the cases. 6. Other injuries that were related to maxillofacial fracture occurred in 25.4%.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.27-47
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• 2008

In this paper, we study the effect of writing activity as mathematical communication on the students's mathematics achievement, learning attitude, and mathematical tendency. For this purpose, we construct a experimental class and then analyze the students' change in those aspects after applying three-divided-note writing activity and colleague feedback on their works those students are in the experimental class. As a result of the experiment, we find that three-divided-note writing activity and colleague feedback made some significant changes on the students achievement in mathematics, learning attitude, but does not affect on mathematical tendency. We also offer some suggestions for further research. Firstly, the mathematical communication ability must be stressed in mathematics education. For this purpose, we need to develop the teaching and the evaluation method to use not only writing but also reading, speaking, and listening skills so that many teachers can apply this method easily to their classes. Second, we need to fix some realistic problems such as fair evaluation , the numbers of students per class, the numbers of lesson, and too much extra-work, and so on. Thirdly, we suggest to explore some methods for extending three- divided-note writing activity to evaluate mathematical essay and to study educational effects of colleague feedback on mathematics performance assessment.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.39
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• pp.251-280
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• 2008

A party to the charter will not be able to rely upon the doctrine of frustration if an event which makes further performance impossible has been caused by his breach of the charter. Strictly speaking, this is not a situation of frustration at all but rather a case of discharge of the contract by breach. In the Sea Angel case, the defendant entered into a Lloyd's Standard Form of Salvage Agreement with owners of the casualty on the LOF 2000 form, incorporating the SCOPIC clause. The time charter was on the terms of the Shelltime 4 form. This case the trial of the action brought by the claimants owners of the vessel Sea Angel claiming outstanding hire from the defendant charterers. This Case was issued whether charterparty frustrated by refusal of port authorities to issue "No Demand Certificate" allowing port clearance pending payment of oil spillage clean-up costs. The court concluded that no attempt had yet been made to invoke the assistance of the Pakistani court to obtain the release of the vessel. There was not so radical or fundamental a change in the obligation assumed by defendant as to establish frustration. The purpose of this study aims to analyse frustration and time charter in the Sea Angel case.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.145-162
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• 1998

This study investigated the effect of teaching mathematical communication in mathematics learning. Cooperative learning, mathematics pin pals, and writing a mathematics diary were used to teach how to communicate mathematically. The experimental group was assigned to cooperate in class, to write a mathematics diary at the end of each class, and to exchange the mathematics pen pals once a week. The control group was taught by the traditional teaching method. The results were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The learning achievement between the two groups was performed with pretests and posttests. And after this study, mathematics pen pals, video protocol and open-ended test were analyzed. The results of this study are the following: 1. There were little differences in learning achievement test between the group taught through communication and those not. And there were little differences in the results of achievement test between the two groups-high and low level classes.2. Cooperative learning, writing a mathematics diary and mathematics pen pals were effective as methods of teaching communication mathematically. The analysis of mathematics pen pals which is to investigate student's writing abilities showed that pen pal partners were improved in QCAI communication levels. There was a significant difference between the two groups in open-ended test. This means that communication learning has an effect on the tests for mathematical thought, reasoning, and creative thought. The analysis of video protocol showed that four students in a cooperative group were improved in their speaking and listening abilities.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.48-56
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• 1996

The research of cold therapy is preceding rarely nowadays. This study was researched to measure the skin temperature of the right foot malleolus when the leg change the situation precisely speaking it was cold, elevation, cold plus elevation. Twenty young healthy volunteers(M:10, F:10)with no history of cardiopulmonary disease, peripheral artery disease were tested. This study were analyzed by one-way-repeated ANOVA. In the first we examined the within changes of the skin temperature between before and after examination for each modality. The skin temperature at all of modalities had fallen. Therefore we could know the fact that elevation plus cold modality had fallen skin temperature significantly more than elevation or cold. And there were no significant difference between male and female. We conclude that elevation and cold therapy could be better effective on edema, contusion and sprain than cold or elevation therapy independently.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to deduce the changes of communication style and relationship patterns via self-analysis after Satir communication education for undergraduate nursing students. Methods: Thirty seven students participated in this study. The age of participants was 20 ~ 22 years and all of them were female students. Before the first semester and after the last class in 2011, we collected an evaluation from students of how their own communication style and relationship patterns changed. Using qualitative content analysis method, the data were analyzed. Results: After qualitative contents analysis, five change-related themes and 16 experience-related subjects emerged. Five themes were from self-contentment to discreet, from behavior of speaking and listening to understanding, from agreement to empathy, from your fault to my fault, and from feeling emotion to expressing emotion. Conclusion: From the results of this study, we found the essential points of changes for communication and relation ship experiences after Satir communication education and self-reflection could reinforce change in undergraduate nursing students' experiences.