• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2009

ETFE is the abbreviation of Ethlene Tetra Fluoro Ethlene, a sort of colorless and transparent granules. The advantage of ETFE film has chemical resistance, anti-stick property, very lightly material. The thickness of ETFE film is used to from 50 ${\mu}m$ to 300 ${\mu}m$ and have superior ability of daylight transmission and elongation, while the strength is lower than of fabric membrane. The tensile strength of ETFE film changes from 40Mpa to 60Mpa and the tensile strain at break can get to about 300-400%. The mechanical characteristic test of ETFE film is described in this paper. The tensile strain at break, the tensile strength and the stress-strain curve are obtained from the test. And then it was analyzed stress-strain characteristic by temperature and mechanical characteristic by cycling load.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.40
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• pp.42-51
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• 2003

This study aimed at understanding the spatial characteristics in the Tugendhat house. For this study, it is need to analyze the early plans of the Tugendhat house design process. To analyze this, the study leads to how to effect on the real practice with the process. Therefore, this research investigates the conceptional design process of the house. There are 2 main characteristics of the interior space alternation. One is the closed spatial character on the 2nd floor, the other is the open spatial character on the 1st floor. It clearly shows the severance between interior and exterior on the 2nd floor. Each 2nd floor's space volume uses different materials so that each the space can show the individuality. On the 1st floor, however, it seems the interior is not as much open to the exterior, because the materiality and reflection of the glass, the objet of furniture and wall. In case of 1st floor, it has a complex concept as open and close character, because it is using the proper gardening elements and the relationship between the house and site. The exterior characteristic is separated the house from the ground with the podium and the slope, and this leads to have the discontinuity. The house clearly shows the spatial characteristics of the continuity and discontinuity, it proves that Mies tried to move onto modem architecture as a turning point.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.85-93
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• 2016

The spaces have a variety of sizes dependent upon their function and significance as well as their geometric shape. An architect Adolf Loos (1870-1933) had incorporated a correlation between the unconstrained formation of space into design. He had noticeably revealed the features of space that are unconstrained and mutually related with each other, for the space compositions among modern architects. This study is about to analyze the feature of space structure for houses of Adolf Loos through Space syntax which is the quantitative space analyzing method for the subject of his detached houses. These houses were emphasized for functional aspects of space without unnecessary decorations. Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye was analysed along with it to review a comparative point of view of his house's characteristic. Based on this, the features of the spatial structure of Loos' house were examined in conjunction with his views space as essence. A J-Graph and VGA for Adolf Loos' detached house revealed the structure's spatial characteristics in which the interior space is located deeply removed from exterior yet it is integrated as a whole. Also, it revealed that the experiments of the various spatial structures shown in Adolf Loos' detached house and European rationalist architects like Le Corbusier affected each other at the same time.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.701-710
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• 2008

Including a TV set and a monitor, personal audio system is raising a great interest. In this study, we applied a method to make a good bright zone around the user and dark zone to other region by maximizing the ratio of sound energy between the bright and dark zone. It has been well known as acoustic contrast control. We have attempted to use a line loudspeaker array system to localize the sound in our listening zone. It depends on the size of the zone and array parameters, for example, array size, loudspeaker unit spacing, wave length of sound. We have considered these parameters as spatial variables and studied the effects. And we have found that each spatial variable has its own characteristic and shows very different effect. Genetic algorithms are introduced to find out the optimum value of spatial variables. As a result, we can improve the result of the acoustic contrast control by optimum value of spatial variables.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.763-770
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• 2010

This paper proposes an algorithm to enhance the performance of the spatial partitioning method for a flocking behavior. One of the characteristics in a flocking behavior is that two agents may share many common neighbors if they are spatially close to each other. This paper improves the spatial partitioning method by applying this characteristic. While the conventional spatial partitioning method computes the k-nearest neighbors of an agent one by one, the proposed method computes simultaneously the k-nearest neighbors of agents if they are spatially close to each other. The proposed algorithm was implemented and its performance was experimentally compared with the original spatial partitioning method. The results of the comparison showed that the proposed algorithm outperformed the original method by about 33% in average.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.171-175
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• 2004

This study aims at the examination of the characteristics of sectional design by Raumplan through the analysis of his 12 houses in which his architectural design concept is clearly showed. The analysis proceeded through 12 sectional drawings, because of Raumplan is originated from the spatial concept which is dividing spaces with various differences of horizontal level. Through this investigation, three characteristics of sectional design by Raumplan which is to present : 1) Free horizontal variation by different level 2) Spatial division by splitted wall 3) Horizontal & vertical refraction of viewpoint & movement These characteristic seems like to including his intention to put into the various human behaviour in residence, it can be spatial clue to solve existential experience of 'homelessness' which is one of the biggest problems of modern times.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to make clear the identity of Korean traditional housing. And I'm trying to search characteristics of boundary in Korean traditional housing. In this study, I have analyzed boundary of ‘Gwan-gajung’. It is constructed on a square shaped plan, there is an elegant middle court, and a counter-roofed shrine house in the rear of the inner building. In this study, the definition of boundary is made based on what has been perceived as the proper structure, whose characteristics can be described in terms of openness, inside and outside parts and orientation. As a critical factor to spatial qualities, boundary is closely related with the connection and disconnection, background and atmosphere, and inferior and superior relations and hierarchical order from the view of space. The result of study is like followings. The characteristics of boundary in Korean traditional housing is 1. one way direction of penetrability, 2. having the face and the back 3. orientation 4. duplication.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39A no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2014

In this paper, a new peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction method for spatial modulation(SM) is presented. By using the matrix with all non-zero elements to precode the signals before transmitting, the transmit power is scattered over all transmit antennas for achieving the goal of PAPR reduction. If this matrix is also an unitary matrix, the distribution of transmit power over transmit antennas will be uniform and it also could retain the characteristic of avoiding inter channel interference (ICI) due to the orthogonality of unitary matrix. In case of a non-ideal amplifier, the proposed method can produce a considerable improvement that increases with a number of transmit antennas in performance. Furthermore, the new scheme achieves an identical performance with conventional one in the case of ideal amplifier.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.213-218
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the concept of Korean traditional characteristics has been reflected in modem residential complex. The specific objective of this study is to identify the features of space planning in the exterior design of modem residential complex. This study is based on the content analysis in the site-plans of the selected case and adopteded in quantitative analysis for spatial characteristic using the space syntax modeling methods.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.33-40
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• 2004

A 4D-PTV system was constructed. The measurement system consists of three high-speed high-definition cameras(1k x 1k, 2000fps), Nd-Yag laser(2000Hz) and a host computer. The GA-3D-PTV algorithm was used for completing the measurement system. The 4D-PTV is capable of probing the spatial distribution of velocity vectors of the flow field overcoming the temporal resolution of the characteristic turbulence length scales of the measured flow fields. A horizontal impinged jet flow (H/D=7) was measured. The Reynolds number is about 33,000. Spatial temporal evolution of the jet flow was examined and physical properties such as spatial distributions of vorticity and turbulent kinetic energy were obtained with the constructed.