• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2008

Lower birth rate and higher elder people are serious social problem in Korea. In 2003, the total birth rate is 1.19 per person, that record is lowest among OECD country. In 2005, Korea has been the aging society with 9.0% in aged population rate. Increasing of aged population results in elder estrangement and confliction with other generations. The social problem can be solved in some degree by improving housing environment and many kinds of welfare program. This study suggests a solution of the problem by applying community space located on ground level floor. The ground level floor of apartment has many physical benefits like connection to the earth, extension, safeness for the aged and child. in case of the National Rental apartment, small residential area and high rate of elder, child, the disabled make the ground level floor useful space for community. According to case study, almost the National Rental apartment hasn't enough facilities supporting various generations and don't supply comfortable environment. So, this study presents how to design the National Rental Apartment's community space located on ground level floor.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제28권
• /
• pp.67-86
• /
• 2012

Metaphors were conceived of as a figure of speech whose role consisted in merely ornamenting the language. However, with their seminal book Metaphors we live by (1980), Lakoff and Johnson have revolutionized the conception of metaphors by placing them as central to human language, thought and action. Cognitive linguists argue that humans tend to conceptualize abstract concepts, such as time, through more experiential and tangible concepts. For instance, it has been observed that the abstract concept of time is conceptualized as space in several unrelated languages. According to the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), TIME AS SPACE metaphor covers two more specific metaphors: (1) The MOVING TIME metaphor wherein the observer is conceived as a stationary entity, as in The end of the academic year is getting closer; and (2) The TIME AS A LOCATION metaphor wherein times are conceived as stationary points and the observer is conceived as moving relative to these locations, as in We are first approaching the end of the year. This paper aims at probing the validity of the CMT representations of time on the basis of an analysis of time metaphors in two languages: English and French. This analysis is conducted within the framework of CMT. The results corroborate the CMT representations of time, suggesting that in both languages the abstract concept of time is expressed in spatial terms. In English, as in French, time is conceptualized as a moving entity and as having extension in space. In both languages, time can be seen as bounded; therefore, one can perform actions within defined limits of time.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.41-54
• /
• 1995

The purposes of the study were to find out the basic needs of rural people and to get some implications for the integrated rural regional development. The data were gathered from 376 local government officers and change agents in 8 Provinces. Major results of study were as follows ; (1) Average income of rural households meet $90{\sim}100$ present of average income of urban households. (2) Most of respondents replied that average labor inputs should not exceed $7{\sim}8$ hours per a day. (3) Basic requirement of school career for the rural life was high school graduate. (4) Education expenditure should be less then 6 percent of total consumption expenditure. (5) Rural people should be able to access to basic public facilities such as school, hospital and drag store within thirty minitues. (6) Desirable housing space for rural life was $66{\sim}72.5m^2$. (7) Rural people should enjoy $3{\sim}4$ times of cultural activities and $3{\sim}4$ times of tours in a year.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the architectural change of the modern Korean farm-houses. Regional boundary of this study is confined to Pocheon-Gun, and the object is mainly forty-two farm-houses as long as sixty years since it was built. An analysis is made on the change of spaces, facilities and finished materials of farm-houses. The results of this study, An-Chae have changed for the more comfortable living conditions through the spatial changes as like the fittest facilities with spatial extension and integration. And in Arae-Chae, unlike An-Chae, the old and unused space often have transformed to the other function and the its facilities remained still unimproved.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.2561-2567
• /
• 2018

The extension of DC battery backup time in the DC power supply system of nuclear power plants (NPPs) remains a challenge. The lead-acid battery is the most popular at present. And it is generally the most popular energy storage device. However, extension of backup time requires too much space. The lithium-ion battery has high energy density and advanced gravimetric and volumetric properties. The aim of this paper is development of the sizing formula of stationary lithium-ion batteries. The ongoing research activities and related industrial standards for stationary lithium-ion batteries are reviewed. Then, the lithium-ion battery sizing calculation formular is proposed for the establishment of industrial design standard which is essential for the design of stationary batteries of nuclear power plants. An example of calculating the lithium-ion battery capacity for a medium voltage UPS is presented.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.43-46
• /
• 2007

Hypoglossal neurilemmoma is extremely rare. Intracranial hypoglossal neurilemmoma has been reported to the present most commonly as a space-occupying lesion with symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. A 68-year-old women presented with deviation of the tongue to the left on protrusion. Preoperative radiological images revealed an extra-axial mass in and around the hypoglossal canal. The tumor was totally resected via retrosigmoid suboccipital approach with burrhole craniectomy. Histopathological examination verified a neurilemmoma. She had no neurologic abnormality except hypoglossal palsy which recovered completely in six months. Retrosigmoid suboccipital approach with burrhole craniectomy can be an useful approach in intracranial hypoglossal neurilemmoma without extracranial extension or with minimal extracranial extension into the hypoglossal canal.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.431-442
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine France's regional development policy in terms of rural development since the end of World War II. Following decentralization in 1982, France's regional and rural development policies have been focused on the interrelated actions of government, local authorities and European authorities. The aim of their works was to extend the dispersal of industrial activities to the reorganization of the rural space. The rural development policies aimed to the agricultural modernization in the 1950s have differed in their goals, methods, and implements. France's regional and rural development clearly illustrates the key role played by the government despite the decentralization and the challenges of the europeanization leading to a unique market of European nations. This reinforces the fact that the government is instrumental in organizing population distribution and regulating regional decision centers to harmonize both national objectives and local authorities' concerns. The French experience will be helpful as reference in the field of regional and rural development for Korea which has recently begun decentralizing.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.479-491
• /
• 2013

Let M be a smooth real hypersurface in complex space of dimension $n$, $n{\geq}3$, and assume that the Levi-form at $z_0$ on M has at least $(q+1)$-positive eigenvalues, $1{\leq}q{\leq}n-2$. We estimate solutions of the local $\bar{\partial}$-closed extension problem near $z_0$ for $(p,q)$-forms in Sobolev spaces. Using this result, we estimate the local solution of tangential Cauchy-Riemann equation near $z_0$ in Sobolev spaces.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국실내디자인학회 2007년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.202-205
• /
• 2007

With regal extension of balcony, the flexible design to remodel interior space of apartment has appeared as a new trend. But this desire of residents is allowed partially because of lack of flexible furniture design. So this study proposed to design for flexible livingroom cabinets at 30 pyong apartment according to life styles and furniture uses. To satisfy the storage and decoration of livingroom cabinets, it focuses on diverse decorative demands as well as practical functionality. And it suggests the applications of flexible factors; opening and closing, extension and reducing, assembling and dismantling, rotation and transfer according to 3 types like child-centered, hobby-centered, couple-centered family.

• 충청수학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.163-169
• /
• 2011

Recently, Kazmi and Khan [7] introduced a kind of equilibrium problem called generalized system (GS) with a single-valued bi-operator F. In this note, we aim at an extension of (GS) due to Kazmi and Khan [7] into a multi-valued circumstance. We consider a fairly general problem called the multi-valued quasi-generalized system (in short, MQGS). Based on the existence of 1-person game by Ding, Kim and Tan [5], we give a generalization of (GS) in the name of (MQGS) within the framework of Hausdorff topological vector spaces. As an application, we derive an existence result of the generalized vector quasi-variational inequality problem. This result leads to a multi-valued vector quasi-variational inequality extension of the strong vector variational inequality (SVVI) due to Fang and Huang [6] in a general Hausdorff topological vector space.