• 제목/요약/키워드: southern of Korean East Sea

검색결과 395건 처리시간 0.027초

한국 근해 Ocean Color 위성자료의 정량화 (Development of the Regional Algorithms to Quantify Chlorophyll a and Suspended Solid in the Korean Waters using Ocean Color)

  • 서영상;장이현;이나경;김복기
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.207-215
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    • 2002
  • Ocean color properties can be quantified by the relationship between the band ratios of the sensor on the ocean color satellites and the measured field ocean color parameters, A tool to determine the abundance of primary organism using the observed ocean color properties from satellite is presented. Coincident to ocean color satellite passes over the Korean waters, the research vessels were deployed to survey the East Sea, the South Sea and the West Sea around the Korean waters, We have been able to have more than 101) data sets containing coincident in situ chlorophyll a and the estimated chlorophyll a derived from SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) from february, 1999 to October, 2001. We were able to develop three proper regional algorithms for the East Sea, the South Sea and the West Sea of the Korean peninsula to estimate chlorophyll a, and set up regional algorithms to quantify the suspended solid in the southern sea of the Korean peninsula, Futhermore we were successful in finding out a simple way of estimating chlorophyll a in the turbid water (Case 2 water) using the relationship between in situ chlorophyll a and the estimated chlorophyll a from the processed level 2 data, using the NASA's global algorithm.

Phrixocephalus umbellatus (Copepoda : Lernaeidae) from Marine Fish, Branchiostegus japonicus of the Korea Southern Sea

  • Choi, Sang-Duk;Lee, Chang-Hoon;Chang, Dae-Soo;Ha, Dong-Soo
    • 한국양식학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.9-12
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    • 2000
  • A species of the parasitic copepods Phrixcephalus unbellatus (Lernaeide ; Cyclopoidea) from Branchiostegus japonicus is described and reported for the first time in Korea. The parasite was recovered from the eye of host. P. umbellatus was easily identified by the body shape extensive ramification of the antennal processes and numerous branches on the thoracic horns, The parasite inserted its head and the anterior portion of thorax up to the 4th segment in the eye ball of the host through a narrow hole which it usually burrowed near the upper margin of the cornea above the crystalline lens. Prevaklence of the parasite increased from 3.3% January to 11.9% in June.

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한국항만도시의 입지, 인구성장과 화물집중도연구 (A Study on the Location, Population Growth, and Cargo Concentration of Korean Port-Cities)

  • 박노경
    • 한국항만경제학회지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.61-87
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this paper is to analyze the location, population growth. and cargo concentration of Korean port-cities. In the location theory, Sommer (1976) and McGee (1967) models are newly introduced, as are the Rimmer (1967), Bird (1965), Hoyle (1981) models. which were already introduced in previous studies from Korea. Analysis of population growth in the Korean port-cities is conducted using data from 1966 to 1998. Rimmer and Hoyle's concentration models are used to measure cargo concentration from 1966 to 2000. The main results of this paper are as follows: First, Korean ports are concentrated on the East Sea, the Southern Sea, and the West Sea. Their locations are closely related with the hinterland. the inland city, and growth of port-cities. In considering the foreign countrys' cases, Korean port-cities are similar to the models of Bird and Hoyle. Second, the populations of Ulsan and Pohang grew at the fastest rate in 1966-1998, while the port cities in the Honam and Jeiu region grew at much lower ratios. Most port cities are located near large industrial complexes. Third the growth rates of Gwangyang, Daesan, Pohang, Pyungtaeg, and Samchunpo increased, while those of Busan. Mukho, Masan, Mogpo, Yeosu, and Sokcho declined. Of particular note, the growth rate of Busan remained negative after the late 1980s. Fourth. empirical results using the Rimmer (1967) model indicate that Gwangyang, Daesan, Pyungtag, and Pohang have shown the concentration. But the deconcentration was shown from the Busan, Mukho, Janghang, Gunsan, Mogpo, Yeosu, Masan, Sokcho. and Jeju. Fifth, the concentration of ports located in West coast region has shown the mixed results between concentration and deconcentration except the concentration of early 1970s and 1990s. The concentration of ports located in East coast region has shown the concentration before the middle of 1980s. And deconcentration after the middle of 1980s have appeared. The Southern coast region has shown the continuous deconcentration except the partial concentration of early 1986. and 1991. Planners of Korean ports should find out the factors of concentration and deconcentration of each ports and should determine factors such as investment priority level. size and scope in order to ensure the balanced development of regional ports and port-cities.

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The Recent Increase in the Heavy Rainfall Events in August over the Korean Peninsula

  • Cha, Eun-Jeong;Kimoto, Masahide;Lee, Eun-Jeong;Jhun, Jong-Ghap
    • 한국지구과학회지
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.585-597
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    • 2007
  • The characteristics of the rainfall events on the Korean peninsula have been investigated by means of regional and global observational data collected from 1954 to 2004 with an emphasis on extreme cases $80\;mm\;day^{-1}$. According to our analysis, long-term annual rainfall anomalies show an increasing trend. This trend is pronounced in the month of August, when both the amount of monthly rainfall and the frequency of extreme events increase significantly. Composite maps on August during the 8 wet years reveal warm SST anomalies over the eastern Philippine Sea which are associated with enhanced convection and vertical motion and intensified positive SLP over central Eurasia during August. The rainfall pattern suggests that the most significant increase in moisture supply over the southern parts of China and Korea in August is associated with positive SLP changes over Eurasia and negative SLP changes over the subtropical western Pacific off the east coast of south China. The frequent generation of typhoons over the warm eastern Philippine Sea and their tracks appear to influence the extreme rainfall events in Korea during the month of August. The typhoons in August mainly passed the western coast of Korea, resulting in the frequent occurrence of extreme rainfall events in this region. Furthermore, anomalous cyclonic circulations over the eastern Philippine Sea also promoted the generation of tropical cyclones. The position of pressure systems - positive SLP over Eurasia and negative SLP over the subtropical Pacific - in turn provided a pathway for typhoons. The moisture is then effectively transported further north toward Korea and east toward the southern parts of China during the extreme rainfall period.

GOCI를 이용한 동중국해 표층 염분 산출 알고리즘 개발 (A Development for Sea Surface Salinity Algorithm Using GOCI in the East China Sea)

  • 김대원;김소현;조영헌
    • 대한원격탐사학회지
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    • 제37권5_2호
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    • pp.1307-1315
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    • 2021
  • 매년 여름철 양자강에서 유출되는 저염분수는 동중국해 뿐만 아니라 제주도 주변 해역의 염분 변화에 큰 영향을 미치며 때때로 그 영향은 한반도 연안에 국한되지 않고 대한해협을 통과하여 동해 외해 까지 확장되기도 한다. 한반도 주변으로 확장된 양자강 유출수는 해양 물리 및 생태학적으로 많은 영향을 끼치며 어업 및 양식업에 큰 피해를 유발하기도 한다. 그러나 현장조사의 한계점 때문에 동중국해에서 확산되는 저염분수를 지속적으로 관측하기에는 현실적으로 어려움이 있다. 이러한 이유로 양자강 유출수의 확산을 실시간으로 모니터링하기 위해 인공위성을 활용한 표층 염분 산출 연구가 많이 진행되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 시간 및 공간 해상도가 상대적으로 좋은 GOCI(Geostationary Ocean Color Imager)를 활용한 동중국해 표층 염분 산출 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 알고리즘 개발을 위해 기계학습 기법 중 하나인 MPNN(Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network)을 이용하였으며, 출력층에는 SMAP(Soil Moisture Active Passive) 위성의 표층 염분 자료를 활용하였다. 이전 연구에서 2016년 자료를 이용한 표층 염분 산출 알고리즘이 개발되었으나 본 연구에서는 연구 기간을 2015년 부터 2020년까지로 확장하여 알고리즘 성능을 개선하였다. 2011년부터 2019년까지 동중국해에서 관측된 국립수산과학원의 정선조사자료를 이용하여 알고리즘 성능을 검증한 결과로 R2는 0.61과 RMSE는 1.08 psu로 나타났다. 본 연구는 GOCI를 이용한 동중국해 표층 염분 모니터링 알고리즘 개발을 위해 수행되었으며, 향후 GOCI-II의 표층 염분 산출 알고리즘 개발에 많은 기여를 할 것으로 기대된다.

조석잔차류와 해상풍에 의한 황해와 동중국해의 해수 순환과 부유물 이동 모델 연구 (Numerical Simulation of the Circulation and Suspended Materials Movement in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea by Tidal Residual and Wind-Driven Current)

  • 전혜진;안희수
    • 한국지구과학회지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.529-539
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    • 1997
  • 본 연구는 2차원 순압모델을 사용하여 황해와 동중국해에서 조석잔차류와 춘 하 추 동 4계절의 해상풍에 의한 해수 순환과 이러한 순환에 의한 부유물의 이동 궤적을 추적하는데 목적을 두었다. 황해 해수 순환의 주요 외력은 조석과 바람이라고 생각되어, 조석은 $M_2$ 조석으로부터 조석잔차류를 계산하였고, 계절별 바람으로서 1월(겨울), 4월(봄), 7월(여름), 10월(가을)을 사용하였다. 조석잔차류는 한국 남 서해안과 제주도 부근과 중국 양자강 하구역 부근에서 크게 나타난다. 제주도 부근에서는 10 cm/s 이상의 최대 잔차류가 나타나며 시계방향의 순환을 보이지만 전반적으로 남해안을 따라 동향류의 경향이 있다. 또한, 중국의 연운항에서 상하이 사이의 영역에서는 한국의 남해로 향하는 순환 구조가 나타나고 있다. 바람에 의해 형성된 순환은 북풍의 성격을 띤 1월, 4월, 10월에는 해역에 시계 방향의 순환이, 남풍과 열대성 저기압의 영향을 받는 7월에는 반시계 방향의 순환이 우세했다. 이로 인하여, 한국연안에서는 7월을 제외하고는 남향류가 나타났다. 부유물은 조석 잔차류와 취송류에 의해 이동한다. 10일 동안의 이동에서는 수 십 cm/s에 달하는 취송류가 조석 잔차류보다 크게 작용했다. 그러나, 수 개월 이상의 이동에 있어서는 수 cm/s의 조석잔차류의 영향이 더 크게 나타났다.

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영동지역 대설 사례의 대기 하층 안정도 분석 (An Analysis of Low-level Stability in the Heavy Snowfall Event Observed in the Yeongdong Region)

  • 이진화;은승희;김병곤;한상옥
    • 대기
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.209-219
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    • 2012
  • Extreme heavy snowfall episodes have been investigated in case of accumulated snowfall amount larger than 50 cm during the past ten years, in order to understand the association of low-level stability with heavy snowfall in the Yeongdong region. In general, the selected 4 events have similar synoptic setting such as the Siberian High extended to East Sea along with the Low passing by the southern Korean Peninsula, eventually inducing easterly in the Yeongdong region. Specifically moist-adiabatically neutral layer has been observed during the heavy snowfall period, which was easily identified using vertical profiles of equivalent potential temperature observed at Sokcho, whereas convective unstable layer has been formed over the East sea due to relatively warm sea surface temperature (SST) about $8{\sim}10^{\circ}C$ and lower temperature around 1~2 km above the surface, obtained from RDAPS. Difference of equivalent potential temperature between 850 hPa and surface as well as difference between air and sea temperatures altogether gradually increased before the snowfall period. Instability-induced moisture supply to the atmosphere from the East sea, being cooled and saturated by the upper cold surge, would make low-level ice cloud, and eventually move inland by the easterly flow. Heavy snowfall will be enhanced in association with low-level convergence by surface friction and upslope wind against Taebaek mountains. This study emphasizes the importance of low level stability in the Yeongdong region using the radiosonde sounding and RDAPS data, which should quantitatively be examined through numerical model as well as heat and moisture supply from the ocean.

한국 동해 남부해역의 일차생산계 II. 식물플랑크톤 군집구조 (Primary Production System in the Southern Waters of the East Sea, Korea II. The Structure of Phytoplankton Community)

  • 심재형;여환구
    • 한국해양학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.163-169
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    • 1995
  • 동해 남부해역에서 1988년 5월과 1989년 7월 및 1991년 11월에 관찰된 식물 플랑크톤 집은 총 190종의 출현종을 기록하였고 규조류가 우점하고 있었다. 춘계 에는 Leptocylindrus danicus, Nitzschia pungens, Bacteriastrum delicatulum 등이 우점종으로 나타났고 하계에는 Skeletonema costatum이 전반적인 우점현상을 보였 으며 Chaetoceros socialis, Rhizosolenia alata f. gracillima 등이 수역에 따라 우점 하였다. 추계에는 Chaetoceros socialis, Nitzschia delicatissima, Nitzschia sp., Gymnodinium sp.. 등이 우점하였다. 종다양성 지수의 평균은 춘계에 1.24, 하계에 1.69, 추계에 2.12로 다소 낮게 측정되었다. 식물플랑크톤 군집의 집괴분석 결과 하 계에는 표층에서 대마난류의 영향을 받는 외양적 특성의 수계와 동해 연안의 수계 및 울릉도 주변수등 크게 3개의 수역으로 구분할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 하계의 40m 수층 집괴분석 결과는 연구해역의 중앙부에서 표층 자료의 수역 구분 과는 별개의 또다른 식물수문학적 수역이 인지되었는데 이곳은 표층 주변의 대마 난류의 영향과 50m 이심의 수층에 존재하는 수온 1$0^{\circ}C$ 수괴의 양면적 영향을 받는 것으로 사료된다.

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An Estimation of the New Production in the Southern East Sea Using Helium Isotopes

  • Kim, Kyung-Ryul;Hahm, Do-Shik
    • Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.19-26
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    • 2001
  • The biological pump is one of the important pumping mechanisms absorbing CO$_2$ from the atmosphere into the ocean and can be quantified by estimating new production. New production in the open ocean mostly depends on the supply of nitrate from the water below the mixed layer. While nitrate is affected by many biological processes, the helium isotope ($^3$He) is inert and has very simple physical properties. Using the $^3$He flux and the relation between $^3$He and NO${_3}\;{^-}$- within the thermocline, the nitrate flux supporting new production was estimated in the southern East Sea. The average ${\delta}^3$He within the mixed layer was -14$%_o$ and -l5.4$%_o$ in the winter and autumn, respectively. Through the year excess $^3$He occurs in the mixed layer except for a slight depletion of -17$%_o$ in summer. The $^3$He flux of 13$%_o$md$^{-1}$ associated with the concentration gradient at the air-sea interface was calculated from the product of the piston velocity and the excess $^3$He. Tritium decay within the mixed layer could support only 2$%_o$md$^{-1}$ of the flux. Thus, the remaining 11$%_o$md^{-1}$ could be attributed to the flux of tritiugenic $^3$He from the water below the mixed layer. Nitrate and $^3$He were positively correlated within the thermocline layer with the slope of 0.21 ${\mu}$mol kg$^{-1}$ $%_o\;^{-1}$. The annual nitrate flux estimated from the upward flux of $^3$He and the NO$_{3}\;{^-}$-$^3$He relation was 0.8${\pm}$0.2 mol(N) m$^{-2}$yr$^{-1}$. This flux corresponds to an annual new production of 64 g(C) m$^{-2}$yr$^{-1}$, which is consistent with that in the north-west Pacific.

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하계 동해남부해역의 자정능력 평가 (Evaluation of the Self-purification Capacity in the Southern Waters of the East Sea in Summer)

  • 이석모
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.69-78
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    • 1987
  • 인간생활에 의하여 발생되는 유기폐수 및 폐기물로 인한 연안오염을 저감시키고, 분해부산물로 생성되는 무기영양염을 이용하여 해역의 생산력을 높일 수 있도록 이들을 해류소통이 원활하고 수심깊은 외해에 투기할 경우 투기가능량을 산출하기 위하여 1986년 하계 3개월동안 동해남부해역을 대상으로 관측 및 실험을 행하였다. 허용농도산출은 Streeter-Phelps의 model을 이용하였으며 이 model의 인자인 산소소모속도당수는 산소소모법으로 구하였고, 산소교환계수는 폐쇄계 model을 적용하여 현장관측을 통해 산출하였다. 표층에서 각 수심까지의 산소소모속도상수는 $0.177\times0.313/day$였으며 산소교환계수는 $0.025\~0.364/day$이었다. 이들 인자를 이용하여 해역의 용존산소를 5mg/l 이상으로 유지할 수 있는 투기가능량은 $42.29\~434.25g\;BOD/m^2$의 범위였으며 결과는 혼합 수심에 크게 의존됨을 고찰할 수 있었다.

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