• 제목/요약/키워드: soluble ${\beta}$-glucan

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β-Glucan 제제들이 산란계의 생산성, 혈액 성상과 소장내 미생물 균총 및 면역 체계에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Various β-1,3-glucan Supplements on the Performance, Blood Parameter, Small Intestinal Microflora and Immune Response in Laying Hens)

  • 박광월;이아름;이인영;김미경;백인기
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.183-190
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    • 2008
  • 본 실험은 Beta-glucan 제제들이 산란계의 생산성, 혈액성상, 소장내 미생물 균총 및 면역 체계에 미치는 영향을 측정하기 위해 실시하였다. 사양 실험은 40주령의 산란계(Hy-Line Brown) 720수를 선별하여 A형 2단 케이지에 대조구 포함 총 5처리구로 구성하여 처리당 4반복 반복당 36수씩 randomized block design으로 배치하였다. 시험 기간 동안 물과 사료는 자유 섭취하게 하였으며 일반적인 점등 관리(자연일조+조명:16 hr)를 실시하였다. 시험구는 대조구, $BetaPolo^{(R)}$ (미생물 발효 ${\beta}-glucan$, 수용성)구, $HiGlu^{(R)}$(미생물 발효 ${\beta}-glucan$)구, $OGlu^{(R)}$(Oat ${\beta}-glucan$)구 그리고 $BGlu^{(R)}$(Barley ${\beta}-glucan$)구 등 5처리구로 두었다. 생산성에 있어서 일계 산란율은 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었으나 hen-housed egg production에 있어서 OGlu구가 HiGlu 구에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 사료 섭취량과 사료 요구율은 처리간에 유의한 차이가 있었는데 모든 ${\beta}-glucan$처리구들이 대조구에 비해 낮았다. 계란 품질에 있어서 난각 강도는 대조구에 비해 모든 ${\beta}-glucan$ 처리구들이 유의하게 높았고 그 중에서 BGlu구가 가장 높았다. 난각색과 Haugh unit는 ${\beta}-glucan$ 처리구들이 대조구보다 낮았는데 특히 OGlu구가 가장 낮았다. 혈액성상에 있어 leucocytes는 전반적으로 ${\beta}-glucan$ 처리구들이 대조구보다 낮았다. Erythrocytes 중 적혈구 용적율(HCT)과 평균적혈구용적(MCV)은 처리간에 유의한 차이가 있었는데 MCV는 ${\beta}-glucan$ 처리구들이 대조구에 비해 높은 수준을 보였다. 특히 ${\beta}-glucan$ 처리구중에서 OGlu구가 leucocytes와 erythrocytes 수준이 가장 높았다. 소장내 미생물 균총도 처리간 유의적 차이가 없었으나 Cl. perfringens 의 경우 모든 ${\beta}-glucan$ 처리구에서 대조구에 비하여 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 난황내 IgY 함량에 있어서는 전체적으로 유의적인 차이는 없으나 시험 마지막 5기에 ${\beta}-glucan$ 처리구 들에서 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 혈액내 IgG, IgA 함량에 있어서는 유의적 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면 산란계에 ${\beta}-glucan$ 제제들의 급여가 사료 요구율과 난각 강도를 유의하게 개선시켰는데 혈액성상, 장내 미생물 균총, 면역 기능 등에 순기능적 개선에 의한 결과라고 사료된다.

수용성 β-1,3-glucans의 면역 활성 효능에 대한 연구 (Immune Stimulating Efficacy of Soluble β-1,3-glucans)

  • 심정현;최원아;김종완;이해숙;백태웅;조민철;이경애;상병찬;윤도영
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.156-163
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    • 2003
  • Background: $\beta$-1,3-glucans are well known to enhance the immune reactions, resulting in antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulatory and wound healing activities. $\beta$-1, 3-glucans have various activities depending on molecular weight, degree of branching, conformation, water-solubility and intermolecular association. However, the $\beta$-1,3-glucan linked backbone structure is essential and $\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl units are required for immuno-potentiating activities. Result: In this study, we tested the immunophamacological activities of soluble $\beta$-1,3-glucans and confirmed the following activities: (1) $IFN-{\gamma}$ production in PBMCs in the presence or the absence of PHA, LPS, or IL-18; (2) induction of various cytokines in the spleen and thymus; (3) adjuvant effect on the antibody production; (4) nitrogen oxide synthesis in macrophages; (5) the cytotoxic and antitumor effects on cell lines and ICR mice. Conclusion: These results strongly suggested that $\beta$-1,3-glucans possessed various immuno-pharmacological activities.

재배환경(栽培環境)이 맥주맥(麥酒麥)의 ${\beta}-Glucan$ 함량(含量)과 ${\beta}-Glucanase$ 활성(活性)에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effect of Cultural Environments on ${\beta}-Glucan$ Contents and ${\beta}-Glucanase$ Activities on Malting Barley Varieties)

  • 김원일;장현세;박노동;김광식
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.266-272
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    • 1986
  • 맥주맥(麥灌麥) 장려품종의 원맥(原麥)과 맥아(麥芽)에서 수용성(水溶性) ${\beta}-glucan$함량(含量)은 각각(各各) $1.4{\sim}4.0%$$0.3{\sim}0.6%$범위(範圍)였다. 원맥(原麥)의 ${\beta}-glucan$함량(含豊)은 품종(品種), 재배지역(載培地域) 및 질소질비료(窒素質肥料) 수준(水準)의 영향(影響)을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 원맥(原麥)의 ${\beta}-glucan$함량(含量)은 점도(粘度)와 고도(高度)의 정(正)의 관(關)을 보였으며 , 단백질함량(蛋白質含量)과 total gum함량(會量)에 대(對)하여는 각각(各各) 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 나타내었다. 맥아(麥芽)의 ${\beta}-glucanase$활성(活性)은 점도감소(粘度減少)의 상대시간(相對時間)으로 표시(標示)할 때 $11.0{\sim}20.0$초(秒)였으며, 품종(品種), 재배지역(栽培地域) 및 질소비료(室素肥料) 수준(水準)의 영향(影響)을 많이 받았으며, 제맥아중(製麥芽中) ${\beta}-glucanase$활성(活性)은 제6일(第6日)째 이후(以後)부터 최고수준(最高水準)을 유지하였다. 맥아(麥芽) ${\beta}-glucanase$활성(活性)은 맥아(麥芽)의 잔존(殘存) ${\beta}-glucan$함량(含量)과 부상관(負相關)을 추출수량(抽出收量)과는 정상관(正相關)을 보였다. 맥아(麥芽)의 단백질함량(蛋白質含豊)은 추출수량(抽出收量)과 부상관(負相關)을, 효소력가(酵素力價)와 정상관(正相關)을 보였다.

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Effect of Beta Glucan on White Blood Cell Counts and Serum Levels of IL-4 and IL-12 in Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

  • Ostadrahimi, Alireza;Ziaei, Jamal Eivazi;Esfahani, Ali;Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari;Movassaghpourakbari, Aliakbar;Farrin, Nazila
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권14호
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    • pp.5733-5739
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    • 2014
  • Background: Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy in the world. Beta glucan can be a hematopoietic and an immune modulator agent in cancer patients. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of beta glucan on white blood cell counts and serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 30 women with breast carcinoma aged 28-65 years. The eligible participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n=15) or placebo (n=15) groups using a block randomization procedure with matching based on age, course of chemotherapy and menopause status. Patients in the intervention group received two 10-mg capsules of soluble 1-3, 1-6, D-beta glucan daily and the control group receiving placebo during 21 days, the interval between two courses of chemotherapy. White blood cells, neuthrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 were measured at baseline and at the end of the study as primary outcomes of the study. Results: In both groups white blood cell counts decreased after 21 days of the intervention, however in the beta glucan group, WBC was less decreased non significantly than the placebo group. At the end of the study, the change in the serum level of IL-4 in the beta glucan group in comparison with the placebo group was statistically significant (p=0.001). The serum level of IL-12 in the beta glucan group statistically increased (p=0.03) and comparison between two groups at the end of the study was significant after adjusting for baseline values and covariates (p=0.007). Conclusions: The findings suggest that beta glucan can be useful as a complementary or adjuvant therapy and immunomodulary agent in breast cancer patients in combination with cancer therapies, but further studies are needed for confirmation.

Effect of Non-starch Polysaccharides and Resistant Starch on Mucin Secretion and Endogenous Amino Acid Losses in Pigs

  • Morel, Patrick C.H.;Melai, J.;Eady, S.L.;Coles, G.D.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제18권11호
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    • pp.1634-1641
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    • 2005
  • Generally, dietary fibre (DF) includes lignin, non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and resistant starch (RS). In monogastric species, low levels of dietary fibre in the diet are associated with various diseases and high levels reduce nutrient digestibilities. In this study, the effects of different types and levels of NSP (soluble: $\beta$-glucan, insoluble cellulose) and resistant starch on mucin secretion and endogenous nitrogen and amino acid losses in pigs were investigated. A total of 25 five-week-old weaner pigs (9.5 kg${\pm}$1.5 kg), were randomly allocated to each of five experimental diets. Different levels of purified barley $\beta$-glucan (BG) extract (5 or 10% of $Glucagel^{(R)}$ $\beta$-glucan, providing 4 or 8% of BG in the diet), and resistant starch (RS) (8.3 or 16.6% of Hi-$Maize^{TM}$, providing 5 or 10% RS in the diet) were substituted for wheat starch in a purified diet in which enzymatically-hydrolysed casein was the sole source of protein. The diets were fed for 21 days. No statistically significant difference between treatments (p>0.05) was observed for growth performance and organs weights. No difference in ileal starch digestibility was observed between pigs on the cellulose or $\beta$-glucan diets. However, as the level of resistant starch in the diet increased the ileal starch digestibility decreased (p<0.05). The inclusion of resistant starch in the diet (5 or 10%) did not increase mucin production when compared with the cellulose-only diet. However, as the level of beta-glucan in the diet increased, both crude mucin in the digesta dry matter and per kg dry matter intake increased (p<0.05). Pigs fed the diet containing 8% of beta-glucan had higher endogenous loss flow than those fed the diets including 5 or 10% of resistant starch or 4% of $\beta$-glucan. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of resistant starch increased the level of starch reaching the large intestine without any effect on mucin secretion, or endogenous nitrogen or amino acid losses content in the small intestine. The addition of $\beta$-glucan to a diet containing cellulose increases both mucin secretion and endogenous amino acid and nitrogen losses in the small intestine.

아가리쿠스 버섯에서 생리활성물질의 추출 및 정제 (Extraction and Purification of Bioactive Materials from Agaricus blazei Fruiting Bodies)

  • 최정우;류동열;김영기;홍억기;권명상;한진수
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.293-298
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    • 2000
  • ${\beta}$-Glucan a kind of polysaccharide which is particularly abundant in Agaricus blazei is known as the bioactive materials especially anticancer agents. The process development of the isolation and the purification process of water soluble ${\beta}$-glucans from A. blazei was achieved. and the process operation variables were optimized. Crude polysaccharides (CR.PS) were obtained from A. blazei by hot water extraction filtration solvent precipitation dialysis and freeze drying. Neutral and acidic fraction of polysaccharides were separated from crude polysaccharides by ion chromatography and then high molecular weight and low molecular weight fraction were separated from neutral fraction by gel chromatography. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of each compounds were performed with FT-IR NMR spectroscopy. Based on these analysis the optimal conditions of temperatures operating time organic solvent volume for precipitation and dialysis time were determined.

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Isolation and Characterization of a Water-Soluble Polysaccharide from the Mycelia of Solid Cultured Agaricus blazei Murill

  • Chung, Ha-Yull;Cho, Young-Jun;Kim, Tae-Wook
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.259-262
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    • 2005
  • A fraction (CMEx-AH-${\beta}$) of water-soluble polysaccharides, showing selective antitumor activities, was isolated from the mycelia of solid cultured Agaricus blazei Murill by hot-water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and series of chromatography. Chemical characteristics of CMEx-AH-${\beta}$, were as follows: carbohydrate content, 48%; monosaccharide composition, Man:Glu:Gal (2:93:5); molecular weight, $2{\times}10^5$; uronic acid content, 6.2%. Fundamental structure of CMEx-AH-${\beta}$, was deduced as ${\beta}-(1\;{\rightarrow}\;6)$-D-glucan with ${\beta}-(1\;{\rightarrow}\;3)$-D-glucosidic side chains based on results of methylation and $^{13}C$ NMR spectroscopic analyses.

Isolation and Characterization of a Water-Soluble Polysaccharide from the Mycelia of Solid Cultured Phellinus linteus

  • Chung, Ha-Yull;Kim, Tae-Wook
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.783-787
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    • 2005
  • Fraction (PMEx-AH-${\beta}$) of water-soluble polysaccharide, showing stimulating activity against macrophages, was isolated from mycelia of solid cultured Phellinus linteus by hot-water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and chromatography. Chemical characteristics of PMEx-AH-${\beta}$ were as follows: carbohydrate content, 71%; monosaccharide composition, Man:Glu:Gal (9:64:27); molecular weight, $1-7{\times}10^4$; uronic acid content, 6.8%. Fundamental structure of PMEx-AH-${\beta}$ is deduced as ${\beta}$-($1{$\rightarrow}6$)-D-glucan with ${\beta}$-($1{\rightarow}3$)-D-glucosidic side chains based on methylation analysis.

보리(Hordeum vulgare)추출물의 항보체 및 면역증강 효과 (Anticomplementary Activity and Immune-Stimulating Effect of the Extracts from Barley (Hordeum Vulgare))

  • 김유영;구성자
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.661-668
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    • 1997
  • By using several solvents, barley extracts containing the anticomplementary activities in classical pathway were prepared (250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml): methanol (83.1%), ethanol (71.9%), water extract (25.4%), M-1 (250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), and the soluble part of methanol extract which showed the highest activity (83.4%) and the yield. Anticomplementary activity of methanol extract as well as protease digestion in classical pathway showed 82.4% and 78.4% in the concentration of 250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, respectively. It was found that protein was not involved in anticomplementary activity in the classical pathway and the methanol extract made an impact on classical pathway, but not on alternative pathway. For the immune-stimulating effect, the T cell proliferation effect of the protease digestion displayed little effect irrespective of the dose. In addition, the T cell proliferation effect of methanol extract showed 13-fold higher proliferation effect compared with positive control. It was revealed that the substance containing protein serves as an important factor for the immune proliferation. Therefore, the anticomplementary activity ${\beta}$-glucan in classical pathway and alternative pathway displayed the lowest activity, showing 2.2%, 22.3% respectively. However, the immune-stimulating effect of ${\beta}$-glucan showed the T cell stimulating effect 13 times higher than positive control.

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Investigating the Immune-Stimulating Potential of β-Glucan from Aureobasidium pullulans in Cancer Immunotherapy

  • Jae-Hyeon Jeong;Dae-Joon Kim;Seong-Jin Hong;Jae-Hee Ahn;Dong-Ju Lee;Ah-Ra Jang;Sungyun Kim;Hyun-Jong Cho;Jae-Young Lee;Jong-Hwan Park;Young-Min Kim;Hyun-Jeong Ko
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.556-567
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    • 2024
  • β-glucan, a polysaccharide found in various sources, exhibits unique physicochemical properties, yet its high polymerization limits clinical applications because of its solubility. Addressing this limitation, we introduce PPTEE-glycan, a highly purified soluble β-1,3/1,6-glucan derived from Aureobasidium pullulans. The refined PPTEE-glycan demonstrated robust immune stimulation in vitro, activated dendritic cells, and enhanced co-stimulatory markers, cytokines, and cross-presentation. Formulated as a PPTEE + microemulsion (ME), it elevated immune responses in vivo, promoting antigen-specific antibodies and CD8+ T cell proliferation. Intratumoral administration of PPTEE + ME in tumor-bearing mice induced notable tumor regression, which was linked to the activation of immunosuppressive cells. This study highlights the potential of high-purity Aureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan, particularly PPTEE, as promising immune adjuvants, offering novel avenues for advancing cancer immunotherapy.