• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.491-494
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• 1994

Antibiotic HS-2 was purified from the culture broth of Streptomyces plicatosporus which was isolated from soil, by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and gel filtration. Through the analysis of UV, $^{1}$H-NMR, $^{13}$C-NMR spectrum, HS-2 was identified as rubiginone B$_{2}$. It was confirmed that HS-2 enhanced the cytotoxicity of colchicine against multidrug-resistant tumor cells.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.239-244
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• 1997

To develope more effective extraction methods for paraquat in soil, some modification methods were accomplished in two different types of soil. For extraction of tightly bound-paraquat, conc. HCl 70ml were added with different shaking times, and then $H_2SO_4$ reflux were performed for an hour. In this case, 60 minutes shaking were optimum and recovery were increased more $1.09{\sim}1.50$ folds(84.0% in high clay contents soil, but 96.7% in low clay contents soil) and the long-time consuming step, filtration were easily done, with decreasing filtration time were shorter 4.6 folds(ca. $11{\sim}14min.$). than general paraquat analytical method(ca. $55{\sim}65min.$). And only $H_2O_2$ digestion with different volume and refluxing time resulted in recovery increasing. Nevertheless, considering analyst's safety, 30ml of $H_2O_2$ addition and 30 minutes reflux were regarded as optimum condition. Although, Kjeldahl digestion with $H_2O_2$ showed relatively high recovery, it is not significant statistically. For extraction of loosely bound-paraquat, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0M of $NH_4Cl$ and of $CaCl_2$ compared with $1.5{\sim}24hr$ of different shaking time. There were no loosely bound residues of paraquat.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.600-608
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• 1993

About 1, 300 strains isolated from soil were evaluated for acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibition activity. About 4.0% of actinomycetes and 3.6% of fungi showed greater than 50% inhibition activity, respectively. However, none of the isolated bacteria exhibited inhibition activity more than 50%. Among them, one Streptomyces sp. A-3 showed a higher ACAT inhibition activity in culture broth. Isolation of the ACAT inhibitor (AI-3) was achieved by Amberlite XAD-7 column, silica-gel column, Sephadex LH-20 gel-filtration and reverse phase HPLC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.180-183
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• 2003

제주지역 하수종말처리장에서 발생하는 방류수(2차 처리수)를 재이용함으로써 지하수에 편중된 제주도의 용수 이용패턴을 다원화하는 대체수자원으로 활용하기 위하여 2001년 6월부터 하수처리장 방류수 재이용 방안연구를 실시하였다. 제주도내에서 운영 중인 3개 하수종말처리장의 방류수에 대한 장기적인 수질검사 결과, 염소이온 함량이 높아 재처리를 하지 않은 상태로 재이용 하기는 곤란한 것으로 파악되었다. 따라서, 재처리를 위한 최적의 공정을 선정하기 위해 pilot test를 실시한 결과, 방류수를 MF(정밀여과)막 전처리 ＋ RO(역삼투)막 처리의 재처리 공정으로부터 재처리된 물(3차 처리수)의 수질은 먹는물로 사용하더라도 전혀 문제가 없을 만큼 깨끗하게 처리되었다. 따라서 방류수 배출량이 많은 제주시 도두 하수처리장과 서귀포 보목 하수처리장의 방류수를 재처리하여 비음용 생활용수, 골프장 관개 수용수, 농업용수, 지하수 인공 함양용수 등으로 재이용하는 방안을 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.331.2-331.2
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• 2002

Actinomycetes CS0707 has been isolated in soil sample from location in the Jeju province. Korea, and produces thermostable extracellular proteases. Actinomycetes CS0703 showed the highest protease activity at late exponential phase when grown in OSYM medium (oatmeal 2.0%, soybean meal 1 %, dried yeast 1 %, mannitol 1 %) at $48^{\circ}C$. Three forms of protease(Ta-1, TA-2 and Ta-3) were fractionated by Ultrogel AcA 54 column chromatography, and further purified through ammonium sulfate fractionation, ultramembrane filtration, and DEAE-sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.153-170
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• 1977

Considering the ways for the possible improvement of soil test for upland crops, various methods for the evaluation of K supplying power and testing of available soil K were reviewed in terms of theoretical principles and practical usefulness of the each method. The review was also made on the characteristics of upland crops in K requirement and on the chemical properties of major korean upland and lowland rice soils in terms of K availability. Following is the few remarks drawn from the review. 1. Quite large number of methods have been known for the evaluation of K supplying power and testing for available soil K. In nature, they can be divided into two categories; capacity-based methods and intensity-based methcds. The capacity-based methods usually measure the exchangeable and some portion of nonexchangeable K, while the intensity-based methods suggest to consider the ractivity ratios of major cations in soil solution and the energy requirement for the replacement of exchangeable soil K into soil solution. 2. As methodology for extraction of interested part of soil K, chemical extraction, electrodialysis and ion exchange methods have been known. Among these, chemical extract ion is favorable because of its simplicity. However, recently suggested Electro-Ultra-Filtration method seems to merit further study for wider use for not only K but also other nutrient availability of soils. 3. The intensity-based methods, although they are more theoretical, because of their complexity, in methods may not be adapted for practical soil tests. 4. The exchangeable K which is rather simple to measure and which well reflects the status of K reserve as nonexchangeable and is immediate pool of water soluble K may be good, if not best, criterion of soil K availability to plant in common soil testing. 5. Because there are evidences that the abundance of available K alone may not be good inclication for availability of K to plant, it is recommendable to interprete the exchangeable K data as percent saturation of exchangeable K to total C. E. C. of soil for the recommend ation of K fertilizer based on soil tests. 6. Some pot and field trial results showed the trends that percent potassium saturation to total C. E. C. better serve as the parameter for K fertilizer recommendation.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.36-43
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• 2008

A method estimating unsaturated hydraulic conductivity using Guelph permeameter was developed and applied to the Ddanseom area of Kimhae in Nakdong River basin where the facilities producing bank-filtrated groundwaters are currently under construction. It is believed that the hydraulic conductivity values obtained from this study are useful in determination of recharges through unsaturated zone or from the river. The distribution of the surface hydraulic conductivity shows that sediments are finer downstream, implying the downstream part of Ddanseom has the higher potential of groundwater production.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.109-118
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• 2013

Characteristics of the transport of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) in an aquifer were investigated to evaluate an application of nZVI-based reactive zone technology. Main flow direction of groundwater was north. Preferential flow paths of the groundwater identified by natural gradient tracer test were shown northeast and northwest. The highest groundwater velocity was $4.86{\times}10^{-5}$ m/s toward northwest. When the breakthrough curves obtained from the gravity injection of nZVI were compared with the tracer curves, the transport of nZVI was retarded and retardation factors were 1.17 and 1.34 at monitoring wells located on the northeast and northwest, respectively. The ratios of the amount of nZVI delivered to the amount of tracer delivered at the two wells mentioned above were 24 and 28 times greater than that of the well on the main flow direction, respectively. Attachment efficiency based on a filtration theory was $4.08{\times}10^{-2}$ along the northwest direction that was the main migration route of nZVI. Our results, compared to attachment efficiencies obtained in other studies, demonstrate that the mobility of nZVI was higher than that of results reported in previous studies, regardless of large iron particle sizes of the current study. Based on distribution of nZVI estimated by the attachment efficiency, it was found that nZVI present within 1.05 m from injection well could remove 99% of TCE within 6 months.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.31-40
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• 2015

Various types of inorganic and organic colloids are present in natural water including groundwater. Previous studies showed that Fe, Mn and Al are colloid-forming elements and dissolved concentrations can be erroneous for these elements if water samples are not properly filtered. Dissolved concentrations of elements including Ca, Na, Mg, K, Fe, Mn, Si and Al in groundwater from alluvial and bedrock aquifers, and surface water near Nakdong River were determined to evaluate effects of colloids on dissolved concentrations in natural water samples using various pore sizes of filters. Groundwater is mostly anoxic and have elevated concentrations of Fe and Mn, which provides a unique opportunity to observe the effects of colloids on dissolved concentrations of colloid-forming elements. Membrane filters with four kinds of pore sizes of 1000 nm, 450 nm, 100 nm, and 15 nm were used for filtration of water samples. Concentrations of dissolved concentrations in each filtrate did not show significant differences from 1000 nm to 100 nm. However, concentrations of all elements considered were decreased in the filtrates obtained using 15 nm pore size filters by 10 to 15% compared to those using 450 nm except for bedrock groundwater. Al in surface water showed a distinct linear decrease with the decrease of filter pore sizes. These results showed that 100 nm pore size had little effect to remove colloidal particles in alluvial groundwater and surface water in our study. In contrast, significant concentration decreases in 15 nm pore size filtrates indicate that the presence of 15 to 100 nm colloidal particles may affect determination of dissolved concentrations of elements in natural water.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.40-46
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• 2007

This research constructed property analysis for an high additional value construction materials. We try to utilize by the addition material of soil stabilizer. It was described to the material properties analysis of a sludge. A sample used 4 kinds of filtration cake which occurs by 4 companies and 3 kinds of sludge before filtration. ph of a sludge, a particle analysis and a scanning electron microscope observation were performed. We analyzed on the chemical ingredient by XRF, the phase by XRD, observed and analyzed the thermo-property of the sludge and the amount of the volatile constituent by TG-DTA.