• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2013

본 연구는 연약지반현장의 사면활동에 관한 계측자료를 분석하여, p-q 응력경로에서 얻은 안정관리지수(Stability Control Index, SCI)를 이용한 새로운 성토체의 안정관리기법을 제안하고자 한다. 여기서는 이와 같은 새로운 기법을 검증하기 위하여 삼축압축시험(CU)을 실시하여 현장 계측자료와 상호 비교 검토하였다. 안정관리지수(SCI)는 응력경로에서 전응력경로점 $p_{max}$ 와 $k_f$선상의 점 $p_f$사이의 상대적인 위치를 이용하여 현재의 유효응력경로점 ($p^{\prime}=p-{\Delta}u$)으로부터 얻은 값이다. 이와 같은 결과로 유효응력점 $p^{\prime}(=p-{\Delta}u)$ 는 간극수압이 발생될 때는 $k_f$선상의 점인 $p_f$, 간극수압이 소산될 때는 전응력점인 $p^{\prime}_{max}$에 접근할 것이다. 따라서 안정관리지수(SCI)는 유효응력경로점의 상대적인 위치로부터 성토체의 안정상태를 정량적으로 평가할 수 있다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2006

최근 대규모 토목 건설 프로젝트는 용지 매입비용 및 각종 민원으로 인하여, 공유수면을 매립하거나 해안 및 하천지역의 용지를 활용하고 있다. 공유수면을 매립한 지반이나 해안 및 하천 지역의 지반은 충분한 지지력을 발휘하지 못하는 연약지반이 대부분이다. 이러한 연약지반은 주로 점토나 실트와 같은 미세한 입자의 흙이나 간극이 큰 유기질토 또는 이탄, 느슨한 모래 등으로 이루어진 토층으로 구성되어 있으며, 지하수위가 높기 때문에, 제체 및 구조물의 안정과 침하 문제를 발생시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 지오컴포지트의 수리특성을 평가하기 위해 상재하중에 따른 통수성과 전수성 실내시험을 수행하였으며, 지하수위가 높은 지반에 지하구조물을 축조할 경우 발생될 수 있는 지하수 누수 및 양압력을 제거하기 위하여 토목섬유를 적용한 배수시스템을 연구하였다. 지반의 조건상 양압력으로 인한 문제점이 많이 발생되는 매립지의 준설토를 이용하여 실내배수실험을 수행하였다. 실내 배수실험에서는 실험기 하부에 토목섬유 배수층을 설치한 후에 상부에 준설토를 다져 넣고 상부에서 단계별 수압을 가하여 배수량과 간극수압을 측정하여 각각의 수압에 따른 계측값들과 이론적인 값들과 비교하였다. 실내배수실험의 타당성을 분석하기 위하여 흙이나 암석과 같은 다공질 재료의 간극수압 분포나 이동을 해석하기 위한 2차원 유한요소 해석프로그램을 이용하여 수치해석을 수행하여 실내실험의 결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국HCI학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2014

현재 온라인 뉴스 서비스는 선정적인 연성뉴스 중심으로 제공된다. 이에 따라 저널리즘 가치를 구현한 뉴스 서비스의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 정보원과 공동 인용 여부에 따라 기사를 클러스터링하고 가중치를 부여해 사실성, 다양성, 심층성, 비판성 등 주요 저널리즘 가치를 구현한 알고리즘은 뉴스정보원연결망분석(news source network analysis)으로 제안된 바 있다. 본 연구는 이를 사용자 친화적으로 시각화한 서비스인 뉴스소스를 제안한다. 뉴스소스는 시간과 정보원에 따라 뉴스를 막대그래프 형식으로 어떤 토픽에 대해 분야별, 소속별로 얼마만큼의 중요도에 따라 논의되는지를 대조적으로 보여준다. 본 연구에서는 뉴스 아카이브인 카인즈의 기사를 활용해 뉴스소스의 베타 버전을 구현했다. (http://147.47.125.161/NSNA/ 에서 베타서비스 중이며, 구글 크롬에 최적화 되어있음)

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.69-83
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• 1999

연약지반 개량시 사용되고 있는 샌드매트용 모래의 대체 재료로서 이용 가능성 여부를 전로 슬래그를 대상으로 담수와 해수를 사용하여 입경별, 시간 경과별, 에이징 처리 후 투수계수 변화를 실내시험을 통해 파악하였다. 담수 사용시, 10 mm 미만의 입경을 갖는 A시료와 B시료의 투수계수는 각각 $6.52\times10_{-2}cm/sec,\; 5.99\times10^{-1}cm/sec$으로 측정되는 반면에 해수를 사용할 경우에는 각각 $1.88\times10_{-2}cm/sec,w;3.86\times10^{-1}cm/sec$로 감소하였으며 또한 동수경사와 침투유속의 관계에서 난류흐름이 지배한 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 해수 사용시 100일 동안의 시간경과에 따른 A시료와 B시료의 투수계수는 초기 값보다 1/10배로 감소하는 경향을 보이는데 이는 유리 석회(CaO)에 의한 간극의 막힘 영향으로 확인되었다.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1.1-1.7
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• 2012

Background: The F-box proteins represent one of the largest families of proteins in eukaryotes. Apart from being a component of the ubiquitin (Ub)/26 S proteasome pathways, their regulatory roles in other cellular and developmental pathways have also been reported. One interesting feature of the genes encoding the proteins of this particular family is their variable selection patterns across different lineages. This resulted in the presence of lineage specific F-box proteins across different species. Findings: In this study, 48 non-redundant F-box proteins in E. siliculosus have been identified by a homology based approach and classified into three classes based on their variable C-terminal domains. A greater number of the F-box proteins have domains similar to the ones identified in other species. On the other hand, when the proteins having unknown or no C-terminal domain (as predicted by InterProScan) were analyzed, it was found that some of them have the polyglutamine repeats. To gain evolutionary insights on the genes encoding the F-box proteins, their selection patterns were analyzed and a strong positive selection was observed which indicated the adaptation potential of the members of this family. Moreover, four lineage specific F-box genes were found in E. siliculosus with no identified homolog in any other species. Conclusions: This study describes a genome wide in silico analysis of the F-box proteins in E. siliculosus which sheds light on their evolutionary patterns. The results presented in this study provide a strong foundation to select candidate sequences for future functional analysis.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2020

Reutilization of solid waste such as Tire Derived Aggregate (TDA) and mixing it with soft soil for backfill material not only reduces the required volume of backfill soil (i.e., sand-mining procedures; reinforcement), but also preserves the environment from pollution by recycling. TDA is a widely-used material that has a good track record for improving sustainable construction. This paper attempted to investigate the performance of Kaolin-TDA mixtures as a backfill material underneath a strip footing and close to a retaining wall. For this purpose, different types of TDA i.e., powdery, shredded, small-size granular (1-4 mm) and large-size granular (5-8 mm), were mixed with Kaolin at 0, 20, 40, and 60% by weight. Static surcharge load with the rate of 10 kPa per min was applied on the strip footing until the failure of footing happened. The behaviour of samples K80-G (1-4 mm) 20 and K80-G (5-8 mm) 20 were identical to that of pure Kaolin, except that the maximum footing stress had grown by roughly three times (300-310 kPa). Therefore, it can be concluded that the total flexibility of the backfill and shear strength of the strip footing have been increased by adding the TDA. The results indicate that, a significant increase in the failure vertical stress of the footing is observed at the optimum mixture content. In addition, the TDA increases the elasticity behaviour of the backfill.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to plan a design that satisfies consumer needs by forecasting future properties following changes of gauge in basic Jacquard structure and to provide helpful data for a variety of knit-wear development. Four basic Jacquard knit samples (Normal Jacquard, Bird's eye Jacquard, Floating Jacquard, Tubular Jacquard) were selected and projected by using three types of gauges (7G, 12G, 14G) with an SES-122S type Computer Knitting machine of Shimaseiki MFG. Twelve different types of samples with Jacquards and gauges were tested on a flat table by measuring the course and wale in a 1cm area to calculate the gauge of samples. The mechanical properties of 12 types of Jacquard samples were measured using KES-FB (Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric, Kata Tech Co. Ltd). As the result of comparing the number of patterns, courses and wales depending on the change of gauge of the basic Jacquard structure, it was observed that the number of patterns per specific length, course and wale has increased from 7G to 14G, a high-gauge. According to objective research regarding Jacquard structure, 7G Tubular Jacquard, which is low gauge, seems to be suitable for masculine design as it is heavy and thick, and has rigid and rough texture due to a high level of flexural strength and shear property. 14G Floating Jacquard, which is high gauge, seems to be suitable for feminine, silhouette design as it is light, thin, soft, flexible and has high drape. The result of this study provides a theoretical foundation for knit-wear development considering basic Jacquard structure and gauge-specific properties. This study can be used to provided directions for the development of knit industry.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제25권B호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2005

This paper is an experimental result of investigating lateral soil movements at piled bridge abutments by using the centrifuge model facility. Three different centrifuge model experiments, changing the methods of ground improvement at bridge abutment on the soft clayey soil (no improvement, preconsolidation and plastic board drains (PBD), sand compaction pile (SCP) + PBD), were carried out to figure out which method is the most appropriate for resisting against the lateral soil movements. In the centrifuge modelling, construction process in field was reconstructed as close as possible. Displacements of abutment model, ground movement, vertical earth pressure, cone resistance after soil improvement and distribution of water content were monitored during and after centrifuge model tests. As results of centrifuge model experiments, preconsolidation method with PBD was found to be the most effective against the lateral soil movement by analyzing results about displacements of abutment model, ground movement and cone resistance. Increase of shear strength by preconsolidation method resulted in increasing the resistance against lateral soil movement effectively although SCP could mobilize the resistance against lateral soil movement. It was also found that installment with PBD beneath the backfill of bridge abutment induced effective drainage of excess pore water pressure during the consolidation by embanking at the back of the abutment and resulted in increasing the shear strength of clay soil foundation and eventually increasing the resistance of lateral soil movement against piles of bridge abutment.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.405-429
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• 2014

In this paper, it is aimed to determine the structural behavior of suspension bridges considering construction stages and different soil conditions. Bosporus Suspension Bridge connecting the Europe and Asia in Istanbul is selected as an example. Finite element model of the bridge is constituted using SAP2000 program considering existing drawings. Geometric nonlinearities are taken into consideration in the analysis using P-Delta large displacement criterion. The time dependent material strength of steel and concrete and geometric variations is included in the analysis. Time dependent material properties are considered as compressive strength, aging, shrinkage and creep for concrete, and relaxation for steel. To emphases the soil condition effect on the structural behavior of suspension bridges, each of hard, medium and soft soils are considered in the analysis. The structural behavior of the bridge at different construction stages and different soil conditions has been examined. Two different finite element analyses with and without construction stages are carried out and results are compared with each other. At the end of the analyses, variation of the displacement and internal forces such as bending moment, axial forces and shear forces for bridge deck and towers are given in detail. Also, displacement and stresses for bridge foundation are given with detail. It can be seen from the analyses that there are some differences between both analyses (with and without construction stages) and the results obtained from the construction stages are bigger. It can be stated that the analysis without construction stages cannot give the reliable solutions. In addition, soil condition have effect on the structural behavior of the bridge. So, it is thought that construction stage analysis using time dependent material properties, geometric nonlinearity and soil conditions effects should be considered in order to obtain more realistic structural behavior of suspension bridges.

• 기술사
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1991

The cautious blasting works had been used with emulsion explosion electric M/S delay caps. Drill depth was from 3m to 6m with Crawler Drill ø70mm on the calcalious sand stone (soft-moderate-semi hard Rock). The total numbers of fire blast were 88 round. Scale distance were induces 15.52-60.32. It was applied to propagation Law in blasting vibration as follows. Propagation Law in Blasting Vibration (Equation omitted) where V : Peak partical velocity(cm/sec) D : Distance between explosion and recording sites(m) W : Maximum Charge per delay-period of eighit milliseconds o. more(kg) K : Ground transmission constant, empirically determind on the Rocks, Explosive and drilling pattern ets. b : Charge exponents n : Reduced exponents Where the quantity D / W$^n$ is known as the Scale distance. Above equation is worked by the U.S Bureau of Mines to determine peak particle velocity. The propagation Law can be catagrorized in three graups. Cubic root Scaling charge per delay Square root Scaling of charge per delay Site-specific Scaling of charge per delay Charge and reduction exponents carried out by multiple regressional analysis. It's divided into under loom and over 100m distance because the frequency is verified by the distance from blast site. Empirical equation of cautious blasting vibration is as follows. Over 30 ‥‥‥under 100m ‥‥‥V=41(D/$^3$√W)$\^$-1.41/ ‥‥‥A Over 100 ‥‥‥‥under 100m ‥‥‥V=121(D/$^3$√W)$\^$-1.56/ ‥‥‥B K value on the above equation has to be more specified for furthur understang about the effect of explosives, Rock strength. And Drilling pattern on the vibration levels, it is necessary to carry out more tests.