• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.43-61
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• 1981

Interest in the Quality of working life is spreading rapidly and the phrase has entered the popular vocabulary. That this should be so is probably due in large measure to changes in the values of society, nowadays accelerated as never before by the concerns and demands of younger people. But however topical the concept has become, there is very little agreement on its definition. Rather, the term appears to have become a kind of depository for a variety of sometimes contradictory meanings attributed to it by different groups. A list of all the elements it if held to cover would include availability and security of employment, adaquate income, safe and pleasant physical working conditions, reasonable hours of work, equitable treatment and democracy in the workplace, the possibility of self-development, control over one's work, a sense of pride in craftsmanship or product, wider career choices, and flexibility in matters such as the time of starting work, the number of working days in the week, Job sharing and so on altogether an array that encompasses a variety of traditional aspirations and many new ones reflecting the entry into the post industrial era. The term "quality of working life" was introduced by professor Louis E. Davis and his colleagues in the late 1960s to call attention to the prevailing and needlessly poor quality of life at the workplace. In their usage it referred to the quality of the relationship between the worker and his working environment as a whole, and was intended to emphasize the human dimension so often forgotten among the technical and economic factors in job design. Treating workers as if they were elements or cogs in the production process is not only an affront to the dignity of human life, but is also a serious underestimation of the human capabilities needed to operate more advanced technologies. When tasks demand high levels of vigilence, technical problem-solving skills, self initiated behavior, and social and communication skills. it is imperative that our concepts of man be of requisite complexity. Our aim is not just to protect the worker's life and health but to give them an informal interest in their job and opportunity to express their views and exercise control over everything that affects their working life. Certainly, so far as his work is concerned, a man must feel better protected but he must also have a greater feeling of freedom and responsibility. Something parallel but wholly different if happening in Europe, industrial democracy. What has happened in Europe has been discrete, fixed, finalized, and legalized. Those developing centuries driving toward industrialization like R.O.K, shall have to bear in mind the human complexity in processing and designing the work and its environment. Increasing attention is needed to the contradiction between autocratic rule at the workplace and democratic rights in society.n society.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.37-53
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• 2001

This paper tries to find out about organizational and managemental aspect of Korean curriculum through a comparison between Korea's 7th elementary mathematics curriculum and that of Japan's elementary mathematics curriculum, which will start in m2 through researching various literatures. The main characteristic of this elementary mathematics curriculum is that Korea has organized a teaming program that tended to individual differences, and focused on student-centered activities and communication based on constructivism. On the other hand, Japan reduced learning contents a lot by running 5-schooldays a week so that 80% of teaching time can be spent to help the students master mathematical contents of the textbook. This leaves 20％ of teaching time to be used for improving mathematical thinking power as a foundation of creativity through mathematical activities. Korea's teaching time spent for elementary mathematics is about 80％ of Japan's, which is also less than that of other country's. Less time in teaming mathematics will lead to decrease in teaming ability. Therefore, there is a need for increased teaching time in mathematics. Korea's revision of curriculum is about 5 years which is often compared to that of Japan's 10 years. Frequent revising is good in that it reflects the social demand, but it can cause much confusion and problems in accepting and applying its program in a real classroom setting, which is why it needs to be looked at again. The direction, objective and assesment of revision fits the demands of international trends and essentials of mathematics. Japan puts its emphasis on learning through repetition and Korea puts its emphasis on problem solving and communication. Regarding assesment, both Korea and Japan is looking for ways to find various assessing ways which will focus on mathematical process rather than the mathematical results, and also will put emphasis on criterion-directed assesment to measure goal achievements. However Japan emphasize on using report cards of assesment to help mathematics learning.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.12-26
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of SSI argumentation program on the preservice biology teachers' decision-making types and communication ability. The SSI argumentation program was developed based on 'Social Decision-Making & Problem-Solving strategy' and Toulmin's argumentation pattern. The preservice teachers had opportunities of SSI argumentation through small group discussions. They were asked to identify the issues regarding SSI, think of solutions, and make a decision along with claims, warrants, data, and rebuttals. The preservice biology teachers experienced four SSI topics of abortion, euthanasia, gene manipulation, artificial intelligence. The results indicated that the preservice biology teachers significantly improved the communication ability after the intervention, but they did not change their types of decision-making. In addition, after the intervention, the Pearson correlation results indicated that 'the logical type' of decision-making significantly relates to the communication ability(p<.01). The preservice biology teachers mentioned that they improved their ability of considering warrants, data, background information, context, and rebuttals. Further, the preserivce biology teachers mentioned that they became take an interest in socioscientific issues and improved their ability of accepting criticism from others as well as caring about others when they argue each other. This study implicated that the SSI argumentation program has effects on improving personality education in school science.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.7-41
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• 2018

The projects of citizen science which is originated from citizen data collecting action driven by governmental institutes and science associations have been implemented with different form of collaboration with scientists. The themes of citizen science has extended from the ecology to astronomy, distributed computing, and particle physics. Citizen science could contribute to the advancement of science through cost-effective science research based on citizen volunteer data collecting. In addition, citizen science enhance the public understanding of science by increasing knowledge of citizen participants. The community-led citizen science projects could raise public awareness of environmental problems and promote the participation in environmental problem-solving. Citizen science projects based on local tacit knowledge can be of benefit to the local environmental policy decision making and implementation of policy. These social values of citizen science make many countries develop promoting policies of citizen science. The korean government also has introduced some citizen science projects. However there are some obstacles, such as low participation of citizen and scientists in projects which the government has to overcome in order to promote citizen science. It is important that scientists could recognize values of citizen science through the successful government driven citizen science projects and the evaluation tool of scientific career could be modified in order to promote scientist's participation. The project management should be well planned to intensify citizen participation. The government should prepare open data policy which could support a data reliability of the community-led monitoring projects. It is also desirable that a citizen science network could be made with the purpose of sharing best practices of citizen science.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.18-32
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• 2001

Korean society has frequently seen the conflicts between environmentally oriented ideology and development ideology which generally take shape as regional problems. An interesting example is the case of Paldang water resource protection area in Yangpyung-kun, Kyunggi Province. At the area, the rural residents are trying to take regional development by utilizing as much as natural resource in the region, and the central government is trying to make clean water sustained for the public interest of the whole people living within the supplying area of the water resource. Accordingly, the conflict is inevitable. It is the role of environmental movement group that makes us pay attention to this region. Under the present situation regarding environmental protection as a core keyword, the environmental protection groups tend to stand on the side of the central government. That is, those groups let the government consolidate its dominance discourse, which help the resistance discourse of the residents weakened. This basic structure of relationship sometimes touches off the situations of antagonistic confrontation. It is the group for organic fanning movement on the region that is playing a significant mediating role between the two. It has eased severe confrontation, and has persuaded the residents, expecially the farmers, to accept so-called win-win strategies which are related with various kind of organic fanning. The agriculture can be regarded as a win-win action because it is a way of fanning adapted to the protected natural environment. It is taking firm hold in this region as an alternative which can satisfy the ideology of 'sustainable development' or 'sustainability'. It could give us a kind of paradoxical confusion that the strategies of regional development of pro-environment are being carried out in the region where the residents are fighting against the government's strict control of natural environment. The example of this region, however, could show a significant direction for solving the continuous problem of conflict between environmental protection and regional development.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.434-443
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the way-finding exercise using a map in rehabilitation of cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with a stroke. For the seven patients diagnosed with hemiplegia from a stroke, we executed the way-finding exercise using a map in the hospital, three times a week for two weeks. Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment(LOTCA) and Functional Independence Measure(FIM) were used to measure the cognitive function and performance of activities of daily living before and after intervention. For the visual perception area and the spatial relations of the spatial perception area of LOTCA, scores were significantly higher than before intervention(p<.05). For the walk/wheelchair of locomotion area and the problem solving of the social cognition area of FIM, scores were significantly higher than before intervention(p<.05). The results of this study show that a way-finding exercise for patients with a stroke is a useful therapeutic approach by enhancing cognitive function and performance of activities of daily living.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.329-345
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• 1996

The purposes of this study are to review research trends of applied geography field, to retrospect geographical works done by Korean geographers in applied geography, and to prospect the future of applied geography. We are in the period where societal problems such as energy, transportation, pollution, environment, health care, and many others, require careful consideration and need throughout strategies for solution. Most societal problems have some geographical dimensions. Because these problems are geographic in nature, there is an obvious implication that geography as a discipline has something to offer in their solutions. In fact, most geographic problems are best presented and analyzed through the applications of geographic theories, concepts and tools. Applied geography is a branch of general geography. It relies on the scientific methods and uses the principles and methods of pure geography. However applied geography is different in that it analyzes and evaluates real world action and planning and seeks to implement and manipulate environmental and spatial realities. Thus, geographic theories and other social theories that have geographic dimensions are fundamental to applied geography. Applied geography has a short history as theme in Korean geography. During the last two decades. Korea achieved remarkable economic growth. We have also encountered widening regional disparity, housing shortage of larger cities, transportation congestion, environmental pollution and many other problems. Applied geographers have tried to analyze and solve such spatial problems during the last 30 years. The research trend of Korean applied geography can be subdivided into 5 categories: (1) land use analysis and efficient utilization, (2) national physical development and planning. (3) regional development and regional planning, (4) tourism and location-allocation, transportation planning. Still the overconcentration of Seoul metropolitan region and unbalanced regional development are perceived to be the serious spatial problems which may induce more works to solve these problems. In Korea new emphasis has to be given to some professional training and experimental learning, including methodology, field techniques data management, statistical analysis, cartography, GIS, and other tools, as applicable and beneficial to problem solving in real world. The growth of applied geography depends on new insights and purposed solutions of future applied geographers in Korea. Applied geographers will contribute to the creation of future Korean geographies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.415-423
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• 2016

Numerous studies have been made on the negative effects of online games, as the negatives effects of the usage of online games have been recognized as social issues. However, this is a study on the positive functions of online gaming; more specifically, on how the guild activities on online games affect the user's leadership. This study has conducted in-depth interviews with online games, and drew the result using Giorgi's phenomenological analysis as for the methodology. 3 people participated in the research - a high school student, a university student, and an adult office worker - all of whom with experiences of guild leading on online games. To achieve the goal of this study, this study based the subjects' experience to analyze how online game guild activities have affected leadership on the subjects' real lives. As a result, timidity turned into initiation; not only leadership, but also decision making ability and coworking ability, as well as problem solving ability have shown improvement. Through this study, one can see that among the elements of online game, experience in guild activities is providing opportunities for enhancing leadership and possibilities for improving various other abilities. I hope more researchers continue studying interesting and diverse powers of online games based on this study.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to provide an evidence for clinical practice by systemic analysis on occupational therapy interventions for improvement of children's play. Methods : Articles used in this study were collected from database of Pubmed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Scopus, RISS, KISS, and National Library of Korea. The key words used in the search were "Play AND Occupational Therapy AND (Intervention OR Treatment)" and the publication period was limited from January 2007 to April 2017. 11 articles in total were selected for the systematic review analysis. Results : The results revealed that the majority of studies was one-group non-randomized study and the majority of intervention used was play-based intervention in case of that play itself was the intervention goal. The most frequently used environment for the intervention was parallel setting of home and treatment room. The majority of studies was for children with ADHD and the most commonly used assessment tool was Test of Playfulness (ToP). Dependent variables measured along with play were language skills, social interactive skills, communication and pragmatic skills, problem-solving skills, caregiver responsiveness, and parent-child interaction. Conclusion : This study help to understand the current state of occupational therapy intervention for improvement of children's play. Starting with the understanding, it is expected that various studies on play of children will be done in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.813-832
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• 2009

As accessibility to health-care service in less populated rural areas is geographically limited and demand for public health-care by the aging is increasing, a new approach for health-care service such as a home care service is becoming more popular. For a home care service, health-care personnels directly visit to location of health-care clients. Such changes in provision of health services require developing innovative and scientific approaches for efficient allocation of health resources and managing services by public health-care organizations. The purpose of this study is to formulate a location model for visiting health-care districting for the rural elderly and to develop an Automated Zoning Procedure (AZP) to solve this model. Mobility, workload balance and contiguity criteria are considered in the model. Three different objective functions are evaluated; 1) minimizing the sum of network distance between the unit areas in a district, 2) maximizing spatial interaction between the unit areas in a district, and 3) minimizing tour distance that visits each unit area exactly once in a district. The AZP for solving the model is developed and applied to a rural area. The application results demonstrate that the AZP can generate different districting systems for each objective functions.