• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.607-627
• /
• 2007

By reviewing the current application of Environmental Fiscal Instruments in China, existing policy gaps and weakness, and the feasibility of using EFIs in China, this paper pointed out that the Chinese government faces an historic opportunity for promoting the development of a comprehensive environmental fiscal system. It is proposed that as far as possible the real economic and social costs of pollution and environmental degradation should be reflected in the prices charged for the use of environmental and natural resources. Chinese government should systematize existing environmental fiscal funds and policies, gradually setting up a framework for integrating environmental fiscal instruments into the public financial system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 1994

The kitchen utensils, a part of dietary life, are tableware and everything needed for cooking, storing foods, arranging and housekeeping. This study has been made on the classification in comparison with utility regarding both the shape and the quality of material. The classifications by the quality of material were ceramicware, woodenware, metalware and stoneware. he classifications by the utility were utensils for cooking, utensils for storing and keeping, utensils for arranging, utensils for grinding and utensils for special use. At the stage of migrating and gathering provisions they needed only simple utensils, but by cultivating, fixing their residence and producing crops they prepared and developed all sorts of kitchen utensils to serve various purposes, social rank, poverty and wealth, season and ceremony.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1996

Sex education in the U.K. follows an ideal model, co-operation where ever possible between homes, schools, and communities, whereas in Korea schools are mostly responsible for sex education. Moreover, Central Government and LEAs are deeply involved in school sex education in the U.K., in contrast, the concrete help at Government level is very limited in Korea though the necessity of sex education is acknowledged. These differences be accounted for by the different social and cultural backgrounds of the two countries, especially given the different thoughts of the people-oriental and occidental-. In the U.K., sex education has been a compulsory subject in secondary schools since 1994 (by the Education Act 1993), and it is well managed with the support at Government level as compared with that of Korea. Sex education in the U.K. may give some lessons for practising and developing sex education in Korea because the people in both countries have similarly conservative thinking about school sex education and it is implemented very carefully in the U.K.. In this article, a general comparison of background, policy, aims, content, management, teacher training, and materials of sex education between the two countries is made.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.143-153
• /
• 1986

This study is intended to develop a scale to measure familism. Construction of this scale is based on a sample of 448 married males and females living in Seoul. This scale to measure familism is developed by employing a type of item analysis method called correlation analysis. 13 items are selected by correlation analysis, and these are found statistically significant even by analysis based on the criterion of internal consistency. Validity of this scale is evidenced by logical validation, jury opinion and independent criteria. Reliability estimate assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficients is .759. This scale comprises the following 4 aspects of familism: 1) Support for filial piety and ancestor worship. 2) Integration of individual activities into family ones for achievement of family objectives. 3) Obligation to support individual family members and give them financial assistance when needed, on the assumption that properties such as land, money, etc. belong to family. 4) Mutual aid in psychological and social aspects between parents and married children, and married children and their married siblings. It is concluded that this familism scale represents an improvement on other measure of familism, but that a number of methodological issues remain to be further studied.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.43 no.3 s.205
• /
• pp.105-118
• /
• 2005

The purposes or this study were to compare and analyze the differences between the elderly in their own home and those in facilities in terms of their self-esteem, death anxiety, depression level and psychological characteristics. The subjects were the 386 elderly over 55 living in home and in facilities, free or paid. They had no physical or cognitive disabilities and were living in Daegu city, Kyungbuk and Kyungnam province. There were significant differences in self-esteem, death anxiety, depression level and the path to depression between the two elderly groups with the elderly in facilities showing negative aspects of psychological characteristics. The problems of caregiving for the elderly should be covered by social welfare.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.43 no.3 s.205
• /
• pp.45-57
• /
• 2005

The purposes of this phenomenological study were to investigate the sexual experiences of juvenile delinquents, and to understand how ecological systems affected their sexual activities. The participants were 13 adolescents on probation and 12 adolescents from juvenile correctional facilities or prisons. They explained their meanings of sex, their sexual behaviors, and their coping strategies for sexual problems. Participants conceptualized sex as physical intercourse, while excluding the emotional aspects of sex. They accepted adults' sexist attitudes toward male and female sexual behaviors, and followed adults' commercialization of sex. In contrast to their routinizing sexual behaviors, they had neither enough knowledge of sex nor effective strategies to solve sexual problems. The sexual activities of juvenile delinquents were influenced by their peer groups and sexual messages from media and internet, rather than by their tamely and school. The holistic view of the study highlights the importance of interactions between individuals and the ecological systems when interpreting the sexual experiences of juvenile delinquents.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.43 no.6 s.208
• /
• pp.47-60
• /
• 2005

This study analyzed the factors that affect the use and expenditure of households for childhood education and care centers. The data were drawn from KLIPS(Korea Labor and Income Panel study), vol. 5(2002). From this dataset, 1,171 households were selected for this study. The results of this study were as follows. First, when compared to unemployed mother's households, employed mother's households tended to use childhood education and care centers. Second, with rising household income, the use of childhood education and care centers decreased. Third, the expenditure was much larger for the households with a large income than those with a small income.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.39 no.8
• /
• pp.53-66
• /
• 2001

The primary objectives of this research is to identify the unmarried mother's (1) socio-demographic characteristics and (2) factors that correlates their stress and (3) factors that predicts their stress. This study uses the data based on interviews with 136 unmarried mothers selected purposive sampling from the 5 unmarried mothers protective institutions in Seoul, Pyungtak, Chunchon, Taegu, and Gwanju. The major findings were as follows. First of all, the age of the first sexual activity of the late-teens among the unmarried mothers are over the half. The portions over the one time abortion are 33.3%. Second, the social support part in the coping sub-category had positive correlation with the stress of unmarried mothers. And the age of the first sexual activity and my thought on the adolescent sex had negative correlation with the stress of unmarried mothers. Third, the age of the first sexual activity predicted the stress of unmarried mothers. Therefore, the comprehensive and systematic intervention programs should be required to ensure that they intervene the stress of unmarried mothers.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.39 no.12
• /
• pp.141-158
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was identifying the essential concept of home of middle class and aged housewives by using a critical incident methodology. All 30 subjects participated in structured interviews designed to elicit statements describing the attributes of home and non-home environment. The qualities of comfort, place-attachment, self-expression, fundamental values and personal identity, social relationships, economic value, and a suitable physical structure were associated with home environments, and were absent in residences which were not regarded as homes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.43-56
• /
• 1995

This study focused on examining the relationship between the components of the environmental attitudes and intentions among Korean college students, and identifying the important factors in determining the behaviors for protecting the environment based on the framework of Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action. This study suggests that the formation of an intention for environmental protection is the consequences resulting from both an individual belief and a social pressure. Another finding from this study is that behavioral beliefs with high valuable evaluations of the outcomes can directly produce a high intention for environmental protection independent from the mediation of positive attitude. Socio-demographic variables had no significant influence on the environmental attitudes and intentions among korean college students.