• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
• /
• v.32
• /
• pp.201-236
• /
• 2019

Heroes are the subjects who discover hope and provide people with courage and wisdom. At the same time, heroes have been known to renovate individuals and even societies on various dimensions throughout history. In recent times, a new academic field called 'heroism science' has emerged, leading to an era which focuses on their positive social functions and roles as reflected by war heroes from ancient times to ordinary civic heroes. However, attention is rarely paid to the ways in which their heroic acts have sometimes resulted in ethical problems such as the exertion of negative influences or the degradation of morality. Specifically speaking, people affected by the acts of heroes include not only beneficiaries but also specific subjects who could be considered victims. In a broad sense, the results caused by heroic acts could have an influence on harmony and unity in societies, the hero's nation, or even the entirety of the universe, and this is often overlooked. Given these realities, this study aims to understand how heroic acts simultaneously imply a positive side wherein cosmic restoration or reform are practiced and a negative side which carries out the destruction of life or the birth new disorders. In other words, the limitations of heroism is also worth consideration. To conduct this study, research on heroes will be comprehensively studied from various academic perspectives through previous documents on this subject. Western concepts that relate to heroes and heroic acts will be also illustrated. Reflections on Jeungsanist Thought, Korean heroes, and the limitation of heroes in the Former World will also be elucidated. Lastly, this study will discuss an authentic heroic figure that can be held up as an exemplary role model.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.75-87
• /
• 2015

As more companies become interested in global markets, it has become crucial for firms to create globalized brands whose positioning, advertising strategy, personality, looks, and feel are consistent across nations. The purpose of this study is to investigate the global branding strategy of the Hyundai Motor Company (hereafter HMC) in order to show how the company processes its branding strategy. HMC, one of the leading global companies in the automobile industry, set up its brand identity as "Modern premium", in alignment with their new slogan "New Thinking New Possibilities", in 2011. The aim of the "Modern premium" concept was to provide consumers with new experiences and values beyond their expectations. HMC wanted their consumers to think of their cars as not only a medium of transportation but as a life space, where they can share experiences alongside HMC. In an effort to conduct consumer research in 5 different nations, HMC selected "brilliant" as a key communication concept. The word "brilliant" expresses the functional, experiential, and emotional dimensions of HMC. HMC furthermore chose "live brilliant" as a key campaign message in order to reinforce their communication concept. After this decision, the "live brilliant" campaign was exhibited through major broadcast channels around the world. The campaign was the company's first worldwide brand campaign, where a single message was applied to all major markets, with the goal of building up a consistent image as a global brand. This global branding strategy is worth examining due to its significant contribution to growth generation in the global market. Overall, the 'live brilliant' global brand campaign not only improved HMC's reputation image-wise, with the 'Modern Premium' conceptualization of the brand as 'simple', 'creative' and 'caring', but also improved the consumer's familiarity, preference and purchase intention of HMC. In fact, the "live brilliant" campaign was a successful campaign which increased HMC's brand value. Notably, HMC's brand value increased continuously and reached 9 billion US dollars in 2013, leading it to reach 43rd place in the Global Brand Rankings according to the brand consulting group Interbrand. Its brand value largely surpassed that of Nissan (65th) and Chevrolet (89th) in 2013. While it is true that the global branding strategy of HMC involved higher risks, it was highly successful according to cross-nation consumer research. Therefore, this paper concludes that the global branding strategy of HMC made a positive impact on its performance. We further suggest HMC to combine its successful marketing with social media such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram and embrace digital media by extending its brand communication horizon to the mobile internet

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 2017

Purpose - In align with the increasing competition in both online and offline franchise markets caused by the increasing impact of social networking service, entrepreneurial passion(EP) of the franchise owners has crucial impact on the stakeholders. This study proposed the customer among stakeholders has the critical influence firm's success and examined the structural relationship between entrepreneurial passion(EP) and trust, identification, and loyalty from the customer's perspective. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examines the structural relationship between entrepreneurial passion(EP), trust, identification, and loyalty from the customer's perspective. More specifically, the EP were measured using three sub-dimensions such as EP-inventing(Perceived passion for inventing), EP-founding(Perceived passion for foundting), and EP-developing(Perceived passion for developing). In order to verify the research purposes, research model and hypotheses were developed. All constructs were measured with multiple items developed and tested in the previous studies. Each item was measured on a 7 point Likert-scale anchored by '1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree'. The data were collected from 449 franchise consumers through online survey and were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Smart PLS 3.0. statistical program. Result - The results of this study are as follows. First, EP-inventing and EP-developing have significant impacts on corporate trust. Second, EP-founding does not have significant impact on corporate trust. Third, EP-inventing and EP-founding have significant impacts on consumer identification. Fourth, EP-developing does not have impact on identification directly, but does indirectly through corporate trust as a mediator. Fifth, corporate trust and identification have significant impacts on loyalty. Conclusions - This indicates that the foodservice franchise CEOs should continuously develop new menus and service to fulfill customer needs. EP-inventing of the food franchise CEOs may enhance customer trust for higher quality of product or service, and EP-developing can also be a driving force for customer trust as it embeds belief in customers that the franchise is sustainably developing. Also, food franchise CEOs should first clarify the support process for the existing brands before developing new ones. Customers tend to lead the trend by using brands that satisfy new trends in the foodservice franchise market, and it could have identification with the trend-setting franchise. Customers do not accept if a company is different from their personal image or norms. So the franchise CEOs must create identification with customers by building corporate trust. Corporate trust influences consumer behavior and emotion, thus the franchises need to secure trust by improving product or service continuously.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.37-60
• /
• 2019

This study was attempt to derive the aging trajectories of Korean elderly people and identify its characteristics. In particular, this study used the successful aging model of Rowe and Kahn as an analytical framework. Using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing(KLoSA), this study applied group-based multi-trajectory analysis to identify multiple aging trajectories in sample of Korean elder aged 65~74(n=2,682). This study also used several demographic characteristics as baseline predictors to identify the characteristics of each aging trajectory. Five dimensions were analyzed in the multi-trajectory model: chronic disease, physical functional limitation, cognitive functioning, depressive symptom and social engagement. As a result of the analysis, five aging trajectories were identified: successful aging(17.8%), usual aging (33.9%), health declining aging(18.2%), pathological aging(7.9%), and aging with mild cognitive impairment(22.1%). In general, the odds of experiencing successful aging were high in men, low-aged, highly educated, high-income, and spousal elderly. On the other hand, for the elderly, who are under-educated, low-income, and high-aged, there was a high probability of experiencing a relatively difficult aging process. In particular, the odds of experiencing a mild cognitive impairment aging was high in older, lower-income women without a spouse.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.57-89
• /
• 2009

This study aims to shed light on the new insights on the cross-buying intentions in the banking industry and suggests an integrated model of the cross-buying intentions. Recently with globalization in the financial sector, financial companies are trying to retain current customers and attract new one by developing various financial products. In South Korea, this trend is especially apparent in the banking sector. Cross-selling of various financial products such as beneficiary certificates, bankasurance and etc. is becoming more important in retaining competitive advantage in Korean banking industry. However, there are few studies which are trying to find out the factors affecting cross-buying intentions and explain their interrelationships comprehensively. Based upon the previous studies, this study finds out the factors affecting cross-buying intentions and classifies them into two dimensions: affective and instrumental. Affective dimension includes trust, satisfaction and commitment. Instrumental dimension includes the factors such as geological convenience, one-stop convenience, professionality, and direct mail. The results from this study are as follow. All the factors in the affective dimension(trust, satisfaction and commitment) have significant impacts on cross-buying intentions. Also all the factors in the instrumental dimension(geological convenience, one-stop convenience, professionality, and DM) significantly affect cross-buying intentions. Some implications of this dissertation are as follow; First, this study identifies the antecedents of cross-buying intentions comprehensively. Second, this paper provides practical guidelines for the banks attempting to intensify cross-selling activities. Third, banks need to develop sophisticated plans which can consolidate the emotional ties with customers through positive service experiences as the affective dimension is important in influencing cross-buying intentions. Finally, regarding the instrumental dimesnion, the implications are: 1) Developing various new financial products in addition to traditional product such as deposits and installment savings for improving customer convenience, 2) Enhancing the professionality of employees by strengthening education programs on numbers of financial products, 3) Increasing cross-buying intentions through the DM.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.233-248
• /
• 2023

The increasing integration of intelligent information technologies within organizational systems has amplified the risk to personal information security. This escalation, in turn, has fueled growing apprehension about an organization's capabilities in safeguarding user data. While Internet users adopt a multifaceted approach in assessing a company's information security, existing research on the multiple dimensions of information security is decidedly sparse. Moreover, there is a conspicuous gap in investigations exploring whether users' evaluations of organizational information security differ across industry types. With an aim to bridge these gaps, our study strives to identify which information security attributes users perceive as most critical and to delve deeper into potential variations in these attributes across different industry sectors. To this end, we conducted a structured survey involving 498 users and utilized the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the relative significance of various information security attributes. Our results indicate that users place the greatest importance on the technological dimension of information security, followed closely by transparency. In the technological arena, banks and domestic portal providers earned high ratings, while for transparency, banks and governmental agencies stood out. Contrarily, social media providers received the lowest evaluations in both domains. By introducing a multidimensional model of information security attributes and highlighting the relative importance of each in the realm of information security research, this study provides a significant theoretical contribution. Moreover, the practical implications are noteworthy: our findings serve as a foundational resource for Internet service companies to discern the security attributes that demand their attention, thereby facilitating an enhancement of their information security measures.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.41-59
• /
• 2018

This study analyzed the factors that affect acceptance of online direct marketing in agricultural companies. Empirical analysis was conducted using the research model based on the individual's technology acceptance model (TAM) and the information technology adoption models in organizations. These models have four dimensions: 1) technology characteristics, which include perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of TAM 2) CEO characteristics, which including the innovativeness and IT capability of CEOs; 3) organizational readiness, which include financial, technological, and human resources capabilities and 4) environment and external pressure, which include government support and changes to the Internet environment. These concepts were empirically tested. A total of 209 valid data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis through the application of structural equation modeling. Results show that perceived usefulness, IT capability of CEOs, and changes to the Internet environment have significant effects on the adoption intention of online direct marketing. However, perceived ease of use, CEO innovativeness, government support, and the variables of organizational readiness dimension did not have significant effects on adoption intention. This study suggests practical implications for adoption of online direct marketing in agricultural companies.

• Journal of the International Relations & Interdisciplinary Education
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.57-83
• /
• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of scores on the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) among foreign exchange students on academic adaptation. Recruited students, approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), totaled seven, and their interview contents were analyzed using a comprehensive analysis procedure based on pragmatic eclecticism (Lee, Kim, 2014), utilizing six stages. As a result, factors influencing academic adaptation of Korean language learners for academic purposes were categorized into three dimensions: academic, daily life, and psychological-emotional aspects. On the academic front, interviewees pointed out difficulties in adapting to specialized terminology and studying in their majors, as well as experiencing significant challenges with Chinese characters and Sino-Korean words. Next, from a daily life perspective, even participants holding advanced TOPIK scores faced difficulties in adapting to university life, emphasizing the necessity of practical expressions and extensive vocabulary for proper adjustment to Korean life. Lastly, within the psychological-emotional dimension, despite being advanced TOPIK holders, they were found to experience considerable stress in conversations or presentations with Koreans. Their lack of knowledge in social-cultural and everyday life culture also led to linguistic errors and contributed to psychological-emotional difficulties, despite proficiency in Korean. Based on these narratives, the conclusion was reached that in order to promote the academic adaptation of Korean language learners, it is essential to provide opportunities for Korean language learning. With this goal in mind, efforts should be directed towards enhancing learners' academic proficiency in their majors, improving Korean language fluency, and fostering interpersonal relationships within the academic community. Furthermore, the researchers suggested as a solution to implement various extracurricular activities tailored for foreign learners.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.201-219
• /
• 2014

The Republic of Korea in the real economy to a knowledge economy, and a center of creativity and imagination in the creative economy is changing the paradigm. As the core of creating economic, creative industries with the technology and information play an important role in the industry individuals. In order to solve the problem of the polarization of the economy and high youth unemployment rate of Korea, to recognize the role of the creative industries, as objection part, dimensions pan-national and one creative companies in industries of Mobile Apps various policies that support has been promoted. Support these policies to be able to contribute to the establishment of the success of mobile apps one-person creating company, we performed this study targeting one-person company that creates mobile apps area, we conducted a demonstration study of success factors, and thus more effective and efficient in an attempt to seek out support measures. In this study, we derive a research 4 hypothesis about the success factors of one creative enterprise through literature discussion, a study was made on the basis of empirical data of one-person company that creates mobile apps. The results of the analysis, first, if the development rate of the mobile application technology is fast and a new competition associated product is appeared, it was possible to find a tendency to be higher at the performance quantitative companies. Second, if the founder is a founding for the benefit and rewarding work and come to terms with the risk, it was possible to discover tends to be higher achievement quantitative. Third, if one-person company select a target market with capture intensively, it was possible to find a tendency for higher qualitative results. Fourth, it could be found that the reliability of the contact frequency of the network related performance business environment these characteristics enterprise management strategy and act as a significant modulatory effect. Provision of information relating to management and entrepreneurship education to be one creative enterprise is required, these results suggest that there is a provision continuing need for the opportunity to be able to meet and network and reliable variety have. In this study, to take advantage to promote the elimination measures that can increase the likelihood of success of the company of institutions to support one company that creates knowledge-based, such as in the field of mobile application.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.57-81
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore the quality of life of musically talented students as measured by their external experiences (e.g., activities, companions) and internal experiences (e.g., flow, emotion). The participants in this study were 33 musically talented students (10 males, 23 females) aged 13 to 19. Study data were collected for 7 consecutive days using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), which employs a cellular-phone as a signaling device. The results were as follows: First, in response to the 1625 random signals, musically talented students reported that 40.9% of their time was spent on productive activities. An additional 33.4% of time was used for maintenance activities and the rest of their time was spent on leisure/social activities. Also, musically talented students reported that 48.5% of their time was spent alone. When they were alone, they spent a lot of time engaging in productive activities (44.3%). Second, in order to measure the flow of their life, two methods were used. One used a 4-channel flow model (i.e. apathy, boredom, flow, anxiety) and the other used 8 dimensions and conditions of the flow experience (i.e. concentration, self-consciousness disappears, action and awareness merge, distorted sense of time, freedom from worry about failure, clear goals, immediate feedback, balance between challenges and skills). According to the former, when engaged in music-related activities, musically talented students usually reported flow (54.0%), while they felt apathy (41.3%) for daily routines activities. According to the latter method, musically talented students experienced flow for most productive activities, while they experienced flow least for maintenance activities. Emotional variables of ESF are comprised of 10 semantic scales (i.e. happy-sad, strong-weak, active-passive, sociablelonely, proud-ashamed, involved-detached, excited-bored, clear-confused, relaxed-worried, cooperative-competitive). Musically talented students reported experiencing the most positive emotion for social activities and experiencing the most negative emotion for maintenance activities. Results of this study assert that musically talented students had to trade off immediate enjoyment for developing their special gifts. They could not afford as much time for socializing with friends, and they had to spend more time alone compared to their peers without such gifts. Consequently, they were found to deprive themselves of the spontaneous good times that teenagers usually thrive on. They were helped in this respect by their autotelic personality traits, especially their strong need for achievement and endurance. The downside, however, is that the moment-to-moment quality of their moods suffered. The argument concerning musically talented students applies for all adolescents. The choices that talented students must make between immediate gratification and long-term development, and between solitude and companionship, are the same choices every young person must make, regardless of her or his level of talent. All of us have gifts that are potentially useful and worthy of being appreciated. But to develop these latent talents we must cultivate them, and this takes time and the investment of mental energy. The lifestyle that musically talented students develop can show us some of the choices all of us must make in order to cultivate our gifts.