• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.231-263
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of growth orientation, life satisfaction, perceived stress, positive psychological capital and interpersonal relationships in the group coaching program for the promotion of growth orientation for university students based on the model of the social-cognitive approach to motivation. The program consisted of eight topics: growth orientation, growth mindset and brain plasticity, self-directed goal setting, talent which is a product of ongoing effort, failure attitude and perspective change, positive emotion, thinking and behavior, value of growth orientation and self-coaching, respectively. The program comprised a total of eight sessions, 120 minutes each, and the final program was completed through a preliminary experiment with three university students. In order to verify the effectiveness of the program, 48 university students were divided into 16 in the experimental group, 16 in the comparative group, and 16 in the control group. The experimental group participated in the group coaching program to enhance the growth orientation based on the model of the social-cognitive approach to motivation developed in this study, the comparative group participated in a learning goal orientation improvement program based on an incremental implicit theory, and the control group did not carry out any program. Three groups were tested in pre, post, follow-up1(after 1 month) and follow-up2(after 3 months) in order to growth orientation, life satisfaction, perceived stress, positive psychological capital and interpersonal relationships. We performed analysis to confirm the homogeneity to the data of the three groups and to verify the interaction effects between times and groups. As a result, it was confirmed that the group coaching program to promote growth orientation, life satisfaction, perceived stress, positive psychological capital and interpersonal relationships had statistically significant effect and was more effective than the comparative program due to the larger effective size. Also, we confirmed that the coaching effect was sustained after the program was finished and more effectively maintained than the comparative program. Based on the results of this study, this study has academic implications because it verify the effectiveness of the group coaching for the promotion of the growth orientation by scient ic method.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.637-655
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of paranoid tendency and social isolation in relationship between covert narcissism and Tajin Kyofusho(TKS). We administered self-report questionnaires to 334(163 male, 171 female) undergraduate students. Path analysis conducted using structural equation modeling. Path analysis indicated that the overall model fitted the data well. Analysis showed that paranoid tendency and social isolation sequentially mediated relationship between covert narcissism and TKS. The finding suggest that we could focus on covert narcissistic personality, paranoid cognitive process, and behavioral social isolation to understand and intervene TKS.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.174-187
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate an education program for housewives to reduce sodium intake based on the social cognitive theory. Methods: Housewives (n = 387) received 2 education sessions focused on food purchase and cooking, and completed a questionnaire on their perceptions of environmental, cognitive, and behavioral factors and the stages of behavioral change to reducing sodium intake both before and after the education program. Results: After the education program, the recognition of social efforts for sodium reduction and sodium labeling and experience with low-sodium products increased. Positive expectancies for the prevention of osteoporosis by the reduction of sodium were enhanced while the main barriers in practicing sodium reduction decreased, especially 'interrupting social relationships when dining with others', 'bad taste', 'preference for soup or stew', and 'limited knowledge and skills to practice'. In addition, cognition and nutrition knowledge related to reducing sodium intake were improved on all scores, but the effect on self-efficacy and dietary behavior was limited to only a few items. The percentage of participants in the pre-action stage (including pre-contemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages) for reducing sodium intake decreased from 43.2% before education to 21.5% after education, while that in the action stage increased from 19.6% before education to 43.5% after education (p < 0.001). The education program had the most significant impact on participants who were in the pre-action stage and showed improved scores in all sections. Conclusion: These results suggest that a customized education program for housewives could be an effective tool to reduce sodium intake by improving personal expectancies, cognition, and nutrition knowledge regarding sodium reduction and enabling a greater section of the population to move to the action stage of reducing sodium intake.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.459-471
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to construct and validate a posttraumatic growth structural model for firefighters based on Calhoun and Tedeschi's model (2006). Methods: The research data was collected from 200 firefighters working in Gyeongsang-do, Jeolla-do, and Gyeonggi-do. The participants completed an anonymous survey asking about ego-resilience, active coping, family support, organizational support, self-exposure, deliberate rumination, posstraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth. Results: The model selected as a final model was the one that supports 10 hypotheses out of 13 hypotheses. In the final model, deliberate rumination (β=.59, p<.001) had a significant effect in the posttraumatic growth of firefighters. Active coping, organizational support, self-exposure, ego-resilience and posttraumatic stress had a significant indirect effect. The explanatory power of these variables was 36.0%. Conclusion: The results of the survey show that it is important to develop a strategy to strengthen deliberate rumination. In addition, encouraging deliberate rumination through organizational support and self-exposure can promote posttraumatic growth of firefighters.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.22-28
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• 2016

Tensor with missing or incomplete values is a ubiquitous problem in various fields such as biomedical signal processing, image processing, and social network analysis. In this paper, we considered how to reconstruct a dataset with missing values by using tensor form which is called tensor completion process. We applied Tucker factorization to solve tensor completion which was built base on optimization problem. We formulated the optimization objective function using components of Tucker model after decomposing. The weighted least square matric contained only known values of the tensor with low rank in its modes. A first order optimization method, namely Nonlinear Conjugated Gradient, was applied to solve the optimization problem. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in EEG signals with about 70% missing entries compared to other algorithms. The relative error was proposed to compare the difference between original tensor and the process output.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.37-51
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• 2020

This study examined the differential effects of High-Impact Practices(HIPs) on the career aspiration of STEM college students by gender. Through the theoretical lens of Social Cognitive Career Theory(SCCT), a two-level model analysis was conducted. A sample of 2,101 third- and fourth-year undergraduate students majoring in STEM at 38 universities, which had been collected from the National Survey on College Student Experiences and Learning Outcomes funded by the Korea Research Foundation, was used. This study found that the three HIP domains(learning with peers, faculty support, content relevancy) had different influences depending on gender. These findings suggest that HIPs can benefit the development of female students' career aspiration and have gender-differential effects on students in STEM majors. Based on those findings, this study also deduced implications about the roles of faculty members and higher-education institutions that might foster the retention of women in STEM.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.189-198
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• 2005

This study examined the applicability of the transtheoretical model(TTM) to understanding exercise behavior of early adulthood. A cross-sectional study was conducted and data wee collected from 1618 adults aged from 20 to 39 through internet survey. Major conclusions wee as follows: 1. Stage distribution for exercise behavior was 15.6%, 26%, 25%, 19%, 14.4% for precentemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance stages, respectively. 2. Behavioral processes were more frequently utilized than cognitive processes for action and maintenance stage. 3. Self-reevaluation, social liberation and reinforcement were frequently used in precontemplation, contemplation and preparation stages. Self-reevaluation, reinforcement, self-liberation were frequently used in action and maintenance stages. 4. Pros of exercise behavior began to be higher than cons of exercise behavior from the actions stage and continued to increase to maintenance stage. 5. Self-efficacy was higher in action stage than precontemplation, contemplation and preparation stages and the highest in maintenance stage.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.277-287
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• 2018

The study was conducted to determine the process of social anxiety among male high school students with prescribed internalized shame. In order to carry out the purposes of research, the study set a model which supposes that perfectionistic self-presentation is mediator between internalized shame and social anxiety. A total of 382 high school students participated in the study. The results of the study are as follows: First, the results of this study showed that the internalized shame and social anxiety appear to have a significant static correlation. In particular, the sense of inadequacy, which is a subordinate concept of the internalized shame, was correlated with social anxiety. Second, perfectionistic self-presentation showed a partially mediated the relationship between internalized shame and perfectionistic self-presentation. These results should be studied not only in cognitive factors contributing to social anxiety but also in the individual inner workings of psychological factors.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.5-34
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• 2004

This study aims to find out the determinants of burnout in order to better understand the burnout process among social workers. For this purpose, a hypothetical model which explains the relationships among 8 job-related stressors (role ambiguity, role overload, difficulties in solving problems of clients, conflict with the clients, lack of support from the supervisor, closed communication pattern, bureaucracy, and lack of accountability), 4 mediators (job-stress, professional role performance, abiding by the agency policy and partiality in service delivery), and 4 dimensions of burnout (physical exhaustion, psychological exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment) was developed. Using the data collected from 207 social workers, the hypothetical model was tested. For data analysis, a path analysis was used, and the best-fitting model was found(df=66, $x^2$=63.250, GFI=0.962, CFI=1.00). As a result of this study, the following results were found. Burnout among social workers was increased by the 6 job-related stressors(role ambiguity, role overload, difficulties in solving problems of clients, conflict with the clients, lack of support from the supervisor, closed communication pattern). Job-stress, the mediating variable of the emotional path to burnout, increased professional role performance and the abiding by agency policy, and finally increased burnout. On the other hand, professional self-efficacy (which consists of professional role performance, abiding by agency policy and partiality in service delivery), the mediationg variable of the cognitive path to burnout, reduced burnout when the professional role performance was high, and abiding by agency policy and partiality in service delivery were low.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study is to develop and validate an instrument to assess STEM career motivation. We developed 32 items for 7 constructs (i.e. education experience, career value, academic self-efficacy, career self-efficacy, career interest, parents' support, and career motivation) on STEM career motivation based on Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT; Lent et al.,1994). 767 first year high school students participated in this study. The items were validated by Messick's framework (1995). In this study, we examined the validity of items in four aspects (i.e. content, substantive, structural and generalizability of validity). Methodologically, we used Rasch analysis, Exploratory factor analysis, confirmative factor analysis based on structural equation modelling. We confirmed that our instrument with 32 items as valid and reliable for measuring the STEM career motivation. In addition, we tested the STEM career motivation model based on SCCT. Our model explained the data well, suggesting that external factors (education experience and parents' support) and cognitive factors (perception of value, self-efficacy and interest) were significantly related to STEM career motivation.