• Korean Security Journal
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• no.6
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• pp.195-213
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• 2003

This is a case study on the violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games. The purpose of this study is to examine the reasons and the processes of the activities. In order to achieve the purpose well, I analyzed two cases of violent collective activities in spectators of professional soccer games that were held on June 24 and July 28 in 2001. The data for this study was collected from 14 kinds of daily newspapers from June 10 to August 20 in 2001 to maintain the objective validity of the outline, the reasons, and the processes of the violent collective activities of spectators in two cases. The data was collected from Korea Integrated News Database System(KINDS) of Korea Press Foundation, and Chollian, on-line service of DACOM, for its efficiency, accuracy and promptness. On the basis of the above-mentioned method as well as the consequences of data analysis, I've reached to a conclusion as follows. The reasons of the violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games were the mass effect, the activities of players, umpires and the results of games, etc. The violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games need pre-requirements and have relationships with special affairs that are developed in a regular sequence. In other words, a collective activity gives an effect on another one directly or indirectly. Therefore, this study shows that we can reduce or prevent the damages by the violent collective activities of spectators in sport games when we analyze the processes of collective activities and make a previous counter-measure for that.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.825-832
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• 2004

A small biped robot system is designed and implemented. The robot system consists of a mechanical robot body, a control system, a sensor system, and a user interface system. The robot has 12 dofs for two legs, 6 dofs for two arms, 2 dofs for a neck, so it has total 20 dofs to have dexterous motion capability. The implemented robot has the capability of performing intelligent actions such as playing soccer, resisting external forces, and walking on a slope terrain. In this paper, we focus on the robot's capability of playing soccer. The robot uses a color CCD camera attached on its head as a sensor for playing soccer. To make the robot play soccer with only one camera, an algorithm, which consists of searching, localization, and motion planning, is proposed and experimented. The results show that the robot can play soccer successfully in the given environments.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2012

Purpose : This study is carried out to investigate the effect of asymmetric exercises on soccer players' vertebral abnormality and weight bearing. Methods : A total of 40 soccer players were divided into either a group of 20 players who use a unilateral foot or a group of 20 players who use both feet. 3-dimensional spine structure analyzer was used to analyze body inclination, pelvic inclination, pelvic torsion, turning of spinal segment, spinal curvature, thoracic kyphosis curvature, lumbar lordosis curvature, left/right weight distribution, and front/back weight distribution. Results : The result of the two groups showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) for every item except turning of spinal segment and lumbar lordosis curvature. Conclusion : From this result, we can find that spinal and pelvic deformity and body weight are unilaterally supported for soccer players with asymmetric exercises.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.87-95
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of whole-body vibration training on the flexibility and agility of professional soccer players. Methods: Sixteen professional soccer players participated voluntarily in the study. Subjects were allocated to two groups: the experimental group received whole-body vibration (WBV) and team training, and the control group received only team training. Team training was conducted in 15 sessions of 70 min duration over 3 weeks. WBV training was applied at 40 Hz frequency, 5 sets (1 min-training, 1 min-resting) in a squatting position. Outcomes from sit-and-reach, side-step test, burpee test, and T-test were measured before and after training. To examine pre- and post-intervention differences between the two groups, a paired t-test was used. Independent t-tests were performed to compare pre- and post-test scores and the time difference of the two groups. Results: Significant improvements in sit-and-reach and agility variables were observed in the experimental group (p < 0.05). In particular, flexibility (sit-and-reach) and agility (the side-step test and the burpee test) were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that whole-body vibration training has a positive effect on performance enhancement for professional soccer players.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.297-319
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• 2022

Due to their natural and social revelation, also their ease and flexibility, human collective behavior and teamwork sports are inspired to introduce optimization algorithms to solve various engineering and scientific problems. Nowadays, meta-heuristic algorithms are becoming some striking methods for solving complex real-world problems. In that respect in the present study, the authors propose a novel meta-innovative algorithm based on soccer teamwork sport, suitable for optimization problems. The method may be referred to as the Soccer League Optimization-based Championship Algorithm, inspired by the Soccer league. This method consists of two main steps, including: 1. Qualifying competitions and 2. Main competitions. To evaluate the robustness of the proposed method, six different benchmark mathematical functions, and two engineering design problem was performed for optimization to assess its efficiency in achieving optimal solutions to various problems. The results show that the proposed algorithm may well explore better performance than some well-known algorithms in various aspects such as consistency through runs and a fast and steep convergence in all problems towards the global optimal fitness value.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.13-18
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine what changes occur in body composition and performance by subjecting youth soccer players to weight training and combined training, which are known to be effective in improving anaerobic capacity, for 6 weeks. Research design, data, and methodology: This study was conducted on 30 high school soccer players from S City who had no current injuries or medical problems and had been registered as players with the Korea Football Association for more than 3 years. Subjects were divided into a weight training group (WTG, n=15) and a combined training group (CTG, n=15). Training lasted 6 weeks, and measurements were taken before and after training. Mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated to present the descriptive statistics of all dependent variables. Paired t-tests were used to test for within-group differences. Further, Independent t-tests were employed to test for between-group differences. Results: In terms of body composition, height significantly increased in WTG and CTG, and body fat percentage significantly decreased in CTG. As for performance, WTG's 20m sprint record decreased significantly. Conclusion: As a result, this study confirmed that weight training improved the 20m sprint ability of youth soccer players. Future research could provide more useful information by extending the study period and incorporating the physical characteristics of adolescents.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.161-165
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• 2002

This paper describe a trajectory generation method for a soccer robot using cubic Bezier curve. It is proposed that the method to determine the location of control points. The control points are determined by the distance and the velocity parameters of start and target positions. Simulation results show its traceability of the trajectory of mobile robot.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.76-80
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• 2004

Purpose: We assessed the results of open treatment of anterior impingement syndrome of the ankle in elite level soccer players and concomitant injuries were idenfied. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed twenty one elite level soccer players diagnosed with anterior impingement syndrome who underwent open debridement between January 1997 and January 2002. All were men and the mean age at the operation was 21 years (range 16 to 27). The mean follow-up duration was 31 months (13 to 71). Concomitant abnormalities were idenfied through physical examination, bone scan and MRI. On a preoperative lateral radiograph, patients were classified according to McDermott's stage. Anteromedial or anterolateral approach was used at the operation and osteophyte was removed with osteotome and rongeur. When chronic ankle instability was accompanying, we performed Modified Brostrom-Gould procedure and for osteochondral lesion, multiple drilling was applied. The Ogilvie-Harris scoring system was used as a clinical scale to evaluate pain, swelling, stiffness and limitation of activity. The results were scored as excellent (15 to 16 points), good (13 to 14) and otherwise unsatisfactory. The time to return to full activity including sports activity was determined. Results: Eighteen of twenty one patients had an excellent outcome. Three patients were graded unsatisfactory and two of them abandoned their career due to the persistence of residual pain. Concomitant abnormalities were found including twelve cases of chronic ankle instability, three cases of osteochondral lesion and two cases of flexor hallucis longus tendinitis. Conclusion: Open debridement was successfully applied to the elite level soccer player with anterior impingement syndrome of the ankle. Considerable coexistence of other abnormalities such as chronic ankle instability may encourage us to consider additional operative procedure.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.319-327
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the soccer team captain's empowerment on role perception and team cohesion. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, data of 154 students from elementary and middle school soccer teams and soccer clubs in Busan Metropolitan City and Gyeongsangnam-do were collected, and then exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's α coefficient calculation and correlation using SPSS statistic 25.0 The reliability and validity of the relationship analysis and research tools were verified. After that, the results of multiple regression analysis for hypothesis testing are as follows. First, it was found that the empowerment of the captain of the soccer team had a partial positive effect on role perception. Second, it was found that the empowerment of the captain of the soccer team had a partial positive effect on the team cohesion. Third, it was found that the role perception of the captain of the soccer team had a positive effect on the team cohesion. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the team's role and team cohesion through the empowerment of the captain of the soccer team.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.123-130
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• 1985

In this study, the distribution of players on a soccer field was investigated with slide -photos in order to suggest a basic data for the athletic turf maintenance and construction. The results of this investigation may be summarized as follows. 1) There's a tendency that trampling frequency per grid (32.23m$^2$)of a soccer field gradually increases from the corner area to the center. Especially the area around goal and center-circle get the highest frequency. 2) Trampling numbers per grid show the similar tendency to trampling fequency. And the grid around the goal get the highest trampling number per grid.(6.52 times/32.23m$^2$). 3) The extent of the damage to the athletic turf per grid also show the similar tendency to the foregoing results. Under such extent of the damage to the athletic turf as these, the method of the turf maintenance and construction will be made.