• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1931-1942
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• 1997

A new load/displacement parameter method is developed for the cases that loads are applied to one or more points, and displacements of a structure are controlled at one or more points sinultaneously. The procedure exploits a generalized Riks method, which utilizes load/displacement parameters as scaling factors in order to analyze the post-buckling phenomena including snap-through or snap-back. A convergence characteristic is improved by employing new relaxation factors in incremental displacement parameter, particularly at the region where exhibits severe numerical instability. The improved performance is illustrated by means of numerical example.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.879-914
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• 2013

In part I of the article, formulation and characteristics of the several well-known structural geometrical nonlinear solution techniques were studied. In the present paper, the efficiencies and capabilities of residual load minimization, normal plane, updated normal plane, cylindrical arc length, work control, residual displacement minimization, generalized displacement control and modified normal flow will be evaluated. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive comparison of these solution methods will be performed. Due to limit page of the article, only the findings of 17 numerical problems, including 2-D and 3-D trusses, 2-D and 3-D frames, and shells, will be presented. Performance of the solution strategies will be considered by doing more than 12500 nonlinear analyses, and conclusions will be drawn based on the outcomes. Most of the mentioned structures have complex nonlinear behavior, including load limit and snap-back points. In this investigation, criteria like number of diverged and complete analyses, the ability of passing load limit and snap-back points, the total number of steps and analysis iterations, the analysis running time and divergence points will be examined. Numerical properties of each problem, like, maximum allowed iteration, divergence tolerance, maximum and minimum size of the load factor, load increment changes and the target point will be selected in such a way that comparison result to be highly reliable. Following this, capabilities and deficiencies of each solution technique will be surveyed in comparison with the other ones, and superior solution schemes will be introduced.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.153-172
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• 2005

A new load/displacement parameter method is proposed for the simultaneous control of applied loads and structural displacements at one or more points. The procedure is based on a generalized Riks' method, which utilizes load/displacement parameters as scaling factors to analyze post-buckling phenomena including snap-through or snap-back. The convergence characteristics are improved by employing new relaxation factors through an incremental displacement parameter, particularly in a region that exhibits severe numerical instability. The improved performance is illustrated by means of a numerical example.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.503-512
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 하중작용점(혹은 변위제어점)이 일점이고 스탭 백 현상이 없는 문제에 유용한 페널티 방법(penalty method)을 제안하고, 스냅 백 현상이 수반되는 경 우에는 페널티 방법과 Riks 방법을 선택적으로 취할 수 있도록 한다. 그리고 하중 작용점이 일점 혹은 그 이상의 점일 경우에 대해서는 Riks 방법을 기준으로 하되 일정 조건하에서는 새로운 증분하중 파라미터를 선택할 수 있게 하여, 순수한 Riks 방법으 로만 계산할 때에 일어날 수 있는 발산을 없앨 수 있게 한다. 끝으로 변위제어점이 일점 혹은 그 이상의 점인 경우에 대해 'Riks형 방법(Riks' type method)'을 제안하고, 이때에도 Riks형 방법을 기준으로 게산하되 일정한 조건하에서는 새로운 증분변위 파 라미터를 선택적으로 취할 수 있게 한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.529-544
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• 2010

Nonlinear equations of structures are generally solved numerically by the iterative solution of linear equations. However, this iterative procedure diverges when the tangent stiffness is ill-conditioned which occurs near limit points. In other words, a major challenge with simple iterative methods is failure caused by a singular or near singular Jacobian matrix. In this paper, using the Newton-Raphson algorithm based on Davidenko's equations, the iterations can traverse the limit point without difficulty. It is argued that the propose algorithm may be both more computationally efficient and more robust compared to the other algorithm when tracing path through severe nonlinearities such as those associated with structural collapse. Two frames are analyzed using the proposed algorithm and the results are compared with the previous methods. The ability of the proposed method, particularly for tracing the limit points, is demonstrated by those numerical examples.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2018

The main objective of this study is to develop a dual approach for geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis of plane truss structures. The geometric nonlinearity is considered using the Total Lagrangian formulation. The nonlinear solution is obtained by introducing and minimizing an objective function subjected to displacement-type constraints. The proposed method can fully trace the whole equilibrium path of geometrically nonlinear plane truss structures not only before the limit point but also after it. No stiffness matrix is used in the main approach and the solution is acquired only based on the direct classical stress-strain formulations. As a result, produced errors caused by linearization and approximation of the main equilibrium equation will be eliminated. The suggested algorithm can predict both pre- and post-buckling behavior of the steel plane truss structures as well as any arbitrary point of equilibrium path. In addition, an equilibrium path with multiple limit points and snap-back phenomenon can be followed in this approach. To demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency and robustness of the proposed procedure, numerical results of the suggested approach are compared with theoretical solution, modified arc-length method, and those of reported in the literature.