• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.33-55
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• 2019

Recently, the perception of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has changed. Until now, corporate social responsibility has been recognized as a temporary means to improve the image of a company, but there is a growing recognition that it is a prerequisite for sustainable growth of the entity. Social responsibility of enterprises has altered according to the times and economic environment, and as the global value chain has become important, it has become a growth strategy for small and medium-sized exporters. Under these circumstances, CSR is increasingly an integral part of the activities of companies, and this is no exception for small and medium-sized enterprises. Nevertheless, Korean small businesses' CSR is still lacking, and so the case of Japan, where CSR has spread to small and medium-sized businesses despite the short period of time, is believed to give us policy implications. In the Japanese case, corporate social responsibility has been traditionally passed down by Omi merchants in the 17th century. The social responsibility of a company they thought was summed up by the so-called "sanspo-yoshi spirit" that is beneficial to sellers, benefits to buyers and helps society. Based on the case of Japan's CSR, which has been applied smoothly even to its small and medium-sized companies, this paper intends to suggest the following policy implications. First, the establishment and dissemination of a national long-term plan is necessary. Second, it is urgent for smaller businesses to introduce their strategic CSRs. Third, CSR, which does mutual cooperation between large and small businesses, should be pursued.

• Korean small business review
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.1-24
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is verifying with corporate financial data that the required investment amount flow shows a similar pattern as times passed, in new product development by start-up company. In the previous paper, the same authors proposed the required investment amount flow as a 'New Product Investment Curve (NPIC)'. In this study, we have studied further in various types of companies. The samples used are accounting data of 462 companies selected from 5,873 Korean companies which were finished external audit in 2015. The results of this study are as follows; The average investment period was 3 years for the listed companies, while 6 years for the unlisted companies. The investment payback period was 6 years for listed companies, while 17 years for unlisted companies. The investment payback period of the company supported by big affiliate company (We call 'greenhouse company') was 14~15 years, while 17 years for real venture companies. When we divide all companies into 4 groups in terms of R&D cost and variable cost ratio, NPIC explanatory power of 'high R&D and high variable cost ratio group (Automobile Assembly Business) is best. Among the eight investment cost indexes proposed to estimate the investment amount, the 'cash 1' (operating cash flow+fixed asset excluding land & building+intangible asset, deferred asset change)/year-end total assets) turned out to be the most effective index to estimate the investment flow patterns. The conclusion is that NPIC explanatory power is somewhat reduced when we estimate all companies together. However, if we estimate the sample companies by characteristics such as listed, unlisted, greenhouse, and venture company, the proposed NPIC was verified to be effective by showing the required investment amount pattern.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.181-192
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• 2014

This study aims to analyze in relation to the influence and variable that their job instability and job stress attribute turnover intention to 134 employees of Midium and Small Firm less than 50 employees of a company being legal management at metropolitan area(Seoul, Kyeonggi-do, Incheon). To analyze a data, I took advantage of SPSS V.21, to analyze correlativity as each variable & causability, utilized bivariate correlation analysis & simple, multiple regression analysis, used sobel test as parameter effectiveness verification and post verification. This research result drew an conclusion to influence to turnover intention and stress perception from employment instability and job role stress of employees of Midium and Small Firm less than 50 employees being legal management, make of effect to the relation to stress perception and turnover intention indirectly. This result suggested the importance of stress management and human resource administration of employee of a Midium and Small Firm being legal management, drew an conclusion to attempt the research at first on employment instability and job stress of employees of Midium and Small Firm being legal management.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.109-131
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• 2007

The purpose of this study were to a) clarify the current practice of internal marketing by contracted food service management companies, b) analyze the effectiveness of current internal marketing practices. The survey was conducted between October 12 and November 2, 2002 with the 10 contracted food service management companies; 6 large, and 4 small & medium sized companies. No significant difference was existed with the categories of internal marketing. However significant differences were existed with the service education, sanitary education, periodic interviews, rewards for best employees, incentive payments, paid -leave allowances, job function allowances, and position classes including unit manager, dietician and cook of MBO. The actual administration of internal marketing strategies showed that, the significant differences were existed with education, paid-leave, and employee welfare systems among position classes. Also the significant differences were existed with all categories of internal marketing between large and small & medium sized companies. In general, small & medium sized companies score of the internal marketing performance was lower than that of large sized companies. Therefore, the segmented internal marketing strategies depending on the analysis not only demand for employees but also the size of company, were required to be an effectively and efficiently managed contracted food management companies.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1447-1452
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• 2022

Seoul Special City, one of the world's top 10 cities and Metro City, has traditional urban manufacturing industries such as printing, sewing, and mechanical metals. Small business owners in these manufacturing clusters have developed in the form of mutual assistance. Due to the nature of the agglomeration site, each process is handled by an individual company. It is difficult for relatively small business owners to prepare order processing services that provide real-time logistics movement information between processes. This paper collects and analyzes existing logistics data for smooth order and delivery of small business owners in package manufacturing and special printing fields We design an artificial intelligence Fulfillment Service Platform system with CRNN, k-NN, and ID3 Decision Tree Algorithm. Through this study, it is expected that it will greatly contribute to increasing sales and improving capabilities by allowing small business owners in integrated areas to use individual orders and delivery customized services through the Cloud network.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1212-1242
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• 2017

In this study, the effectiveness of the innovative company certification system, which is one of the important means of the SME innovation promotion policies, was examined in terms of technological innovation activity and performance. To this end, we used the results of 'SME Technology Statistical Survey' conducted by the Small and Medium Business Administration and the Korea Federation of Small and Medium Business in 2013~2015 to compare the innovative SMEs that have received the certifications such as Venture Certification, Innobiz Certification, and Mainbiz Certification with the general SMEs that did not. As a result, it was found that the innovative SMEs have comparative advantage in many detailed indicators related to the technological innovation activity and performance. However, the ratio of external use of R&D expenditure, the number of technology development attempts and the number of successes were not different according to the survey year, so it is necessary to strengthen the follow-up management of the system. On the other hand, the proportion of self-procurement R&D expenditure of the general SMEs was significantly higher than that of the innovative SMEs in all three-year surveys. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the government funding for the innovative SMEs to be used as a complementary material, not as a substitute for their own R&D investment. In addition, the technological innovation activity and performance of a company were more influenced by the size of the company and the participating industry rather than by the certification, so it is necessary to consider it when establishing the technology innovation promotion policies.

• Korean small business review
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.51-78
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to classify unlisted companies' entering method into stock market and to find out a advantageous choice between IPO and SPAC. The research samples are two types(79 IPO companies and 46 SPAC companies) of 125 companies. Which were being listed in the KOSDAQ market from 2010 to 2017. The analysis results are as follows. At first, after analyzing the impact of well known variables such as asset size, company history and number of employees to select listing methods. I found that the variables of asset size and company history have a significant negative (-) effect on the SPAC variable. Secondly, the debt ratio variable has a significant positive (+) effect on the SPAC variable. Third, it was found that the ratio of profitability variables, such as operating income to sales have a systematically positive (+) effect on the SPAC variable. Fourth, I analyzed the impact of the largest stockholder in unlisted companies on the selection of listing methods. I found that the largest stockholder are systematically having a positive (+) effect on SPAC. The result means that unlisted companies that chose SPAC have the larger shareholder shares that are relatively higher than the unlisted companies that chose IPO.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.125-144
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to research the investment environment of Vietnam and analyze the actual investment state of Korean enterprises in Vietnam and seek for the points at issue. In general, the investment environment in Vietnam shows both a positive side and negative side. However Vietnamese market is a attractive one as ever for direct investment of Korean enterprises considering their constant economy growth, investment increase of foreign company for Vietnam, China risk. And the point at issue in investment of Korean Enterprises is as follows. That is, inclining to manufacturing, preference of independence investment, small-sized investment by small and medium enterprises, preference of greenfield investment, restricted purpose of investment, insufficiency of infrastructure for logistics, electric power, legal system. The results of the study indicate mainly that the investment of Korean enterprise into Vietnam needs a switchover of the third service trade-tertiary industry, collaboration with Vietnamese enterprise through joint venture investment, a large-scale investment for Vietnam domestic market and neighboring countries' market, practical use of M&A with existing Vietnamese enterprise and diverse purpose for investment.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2014

Intensive studies have been focused on conditions for business foundation and the entrepreneurship in light of management, economy, and social psychometrics. This study focused on potential effect of entrepreneurial characteristics on environment for entrepreneurial intentions in establishment of orientation of entrepreneurial intentions. Among various factors affecting on starting small and medium size enterprises, how entrepreneur's personal characteristics is related on entrepreneurial intentions was investigated. Manifest questionnaire was distributed among Venture to the professional graduate students, graduate entrepreneurship, and small business start-educated founders in order to deduce the relationship between the entrepreneurial characteristics and the environment of entrepreneurial Intentions. Previous studies and the literature survey were carried out to support for statistics of the questionnaire. 550 answers were collected and analyzed to find that propensity for achievement, innovation, enterprising, risk taking and creativity are key factors influencing inauguration of an enterprise. We have found that among these, risk taking, creativity, and innovation are analyzed to be as a regression coefficient but enterprising a side regression coefficient. Since this study can find its limitation in that comprehensive fields of entrepreneurship were analyzed in general, the result of this study should be used with caution, until more is known about its accessibility for predicting of success or failure of Start-up Company.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.17-30
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• 2021

Environmental deterministic perspectives and resource-based perspectives have different perceptions on the factors that determine corporate performance. While the environmental deterministic viewpoint sees the external environment as having a significant impact on corporate performance. On the other hand, the resource-compliant viewpoint believes that it is important to obtain the necessary resources through appropriate decision-making in order to overcome the uncertainty of the environment. Although the external environmental impact on corporate performance is important, the study is in the position that efforts within the company to cope with environmental uncertainty are necessary. This study identified the role that factors within the company play in the process of affecting the external environment of the company's performance. This study looked at whether the CEO's innovation direction plays an mediating role in the market environment favorability affecting sales growth rate. The data was collected using a survey method. We collected data from 138 small and medium-sized manufacturing companies in Gyeongin area. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 22 packages. According to the analysis, market environment favorability positively affects sales growth rate, and the CEO's innovation direction plays a mediating role between market environment favorability and sales growth rate. The results of this study showed that depending on the market environment, the CEO's interest and willingness to innovate, present a vision for innovation, and institutionalize innovation activities increase management performance through innovation.