• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-102
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• 2007

Consumers evaluate stores by comparing stores that we, in their minds, similar and are competitive with one another; and in this way, the term "consideration set of stores" is defined as those store alternatives the consumer is aware of and evaluates positively. The purpose of this study is to aid in understanding the consideration set of stores in store choice processes in apparel product purchases. More specifically, this study aims to clarify the relation between consideration set of stores and importance of store image. As a result, the respondents of quantitative study were classified into seven groups by the number of stores and store types they considered: 1) "small-road shop sets group" ; 2) "small-market sets group" ; 3) "small- department store sets group" ; 4) "small-department store/outlet sets group" ; 5) "large-department store/market sets group" ; 6) "large-department store/road shop sets group" ; and 7) "large-department store sets group". Further, significant differences among the groups in the importance of store image were observed. For example, low prices were an important factor in both the small-market considering group and large-department store/market considering group when choosing a retail store, there were also differences in the considering groups in that for the small-department store considering group, store mileage-discount cards were important whereas ample space for relaxation around the stores were important retail store selection factors for the large-department store/road shop considering group. This study may provide a useful direction to retailers in finding out who the target customers and competitive stores are and allow retailers to make proper marketing strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.10 s.188
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• pp.199-209
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of bankruptcy in small apparel stores. Data were collected from 153 apparel retail store owners who experienced failure in small apparel stores in Busan. The results showed as follows; The internal factors that caused bankruptcy in small apparel stores were the problems related with employees, capital, investment, weak marketing strategies, inadequate management, and characteristics of store owners. The external factors were economic condition, unexpected incidents, and the condition of market. There were significant differences in the perception of factors which caused the store bankruptcy according to prior business experience before opening apparel stores, the level of education, and the period between store opening and closing.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analyze the purchasing behavior related factors of Small Store User in Yhasi street of Dong-Sung Ro, Daegu. Frequency, $X^2$-test MANOVA, ANOVA and Duncan multiple range test were used to analyze the sample. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The largest sample were as follows: un married female, college students of twenties, 101-200 thousand won for salaries. 2) The factors of purchasing behavior were classified into 8 factors, enjoy shopping, store image, unique goods, culture space, salesperson, low price, information seeking, value via price orientation. 3) There were significant differences found between attitude on information source, number of seeking store, music in shop, music sound, size, display, price, street, in their factors of purchasing behavior (unique goods, value via price, low price, store image, enjoy shopping) 4) There were significant differences found between demographic characteristics (personal sales, location, transportation) in their factors of purchasing behavior (salesperson, cultural space, store image).

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.8
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• pp.89-110
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• 2001

The purpose of this study were to examine the types of apparel store, to investigate consumer characteristics related to the apparel store patronage behaviors, and to find out the differences of casual relationships on apparel store patronage behaviors in store types. Data were collected from 451 consumers living in Pusan and analysed by factor analysis, ANOVA and path analysis. The results were as followings : First, the types of apparel store recognized by consumers were composed by five factors such as Casual-wear store, Traditional market store, Neighboring store, Department store, and Small-sized department store. Second, apparel store patronage behaviors have significant differences recreational and economic shopping orientations, Fashionability in store evaluative creteria, social psychologic risks in perceived risks, and observation store information source. Third, there were differences in casual relationships an apparel store patronage behaviors across store types. Casual-wear store patronage behaviors were directly influenced by the information source, and traditional market store patronage behaviors did by the perceived risk. Apparel shopping orientations directly influenced Neighboring store, and department store patronage behaviors. Evaluative creteria of store directly did small-sized department store. That is, consumer characteristics directly influencing to patronage behaviors were different across apparel store types. Therefore, the marketers of apparel store should understand consumer characteristics related to patronage behaviors and affecting variable and then try to encourage consumer's store patronage behavior.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.53-63
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• 2000

The study focuses on the problems of store space supply in apartment sites and suggests policy directions for the problem. Based on the results of field survey and site reconnaissance, this study identifies following problems and policy directions. First, the stores do not meet consumers various demand due to item limitations with small size. Consequently, there are many closed and/or unsold stores with high vacancy rates, Second, there is a tendency that the closed store rate becomes higher as apartment size becomes smaller. We suggest some law and regulation amendment that make store supply optional rather than mandatory in the case of small apartment site construction.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2009

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate business performance in small apparel retailer's stores operated independently. Data were collected from 167 managers independently operating small apparel stores in Busan and Ulsan. The aforementioned were analyzed utilizing frequency, factor analysis, ANOVA, regression analysis using SPSS Win 12.0. The results showed as follows; Factors influencing on perception of managers on business performance were market information, cost/quality control, opposing power to business depression, store management, product management, sales promotion. There were significant differences between factors influencing on perception of managers on business performance and business performance(the extent of success, profit and growth). It was market information and store management that the most important for the extent of success. It was opposing power to business depression, store management and product management that the most important for the extent of profit. It was market information, store management and product management that the most important for the extent of growth.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.617-632
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• 2002

The purposes of this study are 1) to classify the consumer group according to clothing purchase store(department store, road shop, discount store, Dongdaemoon & Namdaemoon markets) 2) to analyze the differences between VMD attributes which each consumer group value. The attributes on the VMD are categorized as 5 areas 1) interior 2) show window 3) product display & display change cycle 4) color · light · music · small instrument 5) promotion(POP & salesperson). The data were collected from 238 females students and were analyzed by frequency, percent and X²-test. The results of this study are as fellows . 1) On the attribute of Interior, there were significant differences in terms of flow in a store, rest area, the cleanness of floor, show case, and the merchandise itself. 2) On the attribute of show window, there were significant differences in terms of interst of show window. 3) On the attribute of product display & display change cycle, there were significant differences in terms of display method, and display change cycle. 4) On the attribute of color · light · music · small instrument, there were significant differences in terms of interest of color coordination, luminosity and effect of light, and necessity of music & small instrument. 5) On the attribute of promotion(POP & salesperson), there were significant differences in terms of aid of POP.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.153-164
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• 2016

Purpose - In general, large companies have larger organizations, funds, and systems to provide more effective and efficient services in the market. However, development needs to support the livelihood of ordinary citizens who work for small businesses as well. This research suggests that a new distribution channel, called a "foothold style Kosa mart," that cooperates jointly with a distribution center and a large discount mart can provide direct solutions to small and mid-size distributors. This new distribution channel can achieve a limited type of "Nadle shop (small supermarket) foster project" related to building a joint distribution center and improvement in wholesale supply. Research design, data, and methodology - Data about the Korea distribution situation, the Nadle stores, and the logistics centers were collected from literature, Statistics Korea, journals, and reports. Specifically, we investigated information about Kosa Mart and Nadle stores. We focused on the redesign of the distribution center for the Nadle store. Results - The Kosa Mart distribution center now includes 18 warehouses, and has been handling 2000-3000 items. Most of the warehouses have been simply designed and items loaded and stored without refrigeration; thus, it is possible to store only products of certain manufactured goods. The current logistics center has no wholesale function because it failed to resolve the joint purchasing and product supply issues of competitively priced products. Conclusions - This study aimed to identify ways to strengthen the competitiveness of small- and medium-sized retailers. A Kosa Mart redesign aims to unifying the logistics center, stores, and customers. First, the joint wholesale logistics system, equipped with an integrated ordering system, needs to process customer orders and store orders at the same time. Second, excellent small business product development has to connect with production. Third, the store composition needs to support a shipping hub. Fourth, the Mart differentiates itself from convenience store goods by supplying regional and specialized products to customers. Fifth, a service buying agent and direct transactions between producers and consumers need to be established, and exhibits and displays of goods need to be improved.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.21-44
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• 2003

The entry of large discount stores into small cities such as Choonchun or Wonju have had a profound impacts on the businesses of small-sized retailers. The impacts of the entry by large discount store will be much larger than those of the entry by department store or other small-scale retailers. Most of research studies on the competitive retail structure focused on the change of retailing in the advanced countries dynamically and investigated macro-trends in sales and market share. As a result, they tend to overlook the micro aspects of consumers" perception and actual behaviors. Furthermore, they tend to limit their research scopes to relatively competitive retailers not to overall competitive structures. In this study, we analyze the overall competitive structures by investigating the retailers" characteristics, perceptions of consumers on retailers and actual purchase of products across different types of retailers We could obtain competitive retail structure. Based on that, we discuss the strategies on the revitalization and enhancement of small-sized retailers" productivities.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.5-14
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to clarify the behavioral extraction and ability of venture merchants, who actively challenge commerce in the face of harsh living environments. Research design, data and methodology: Adopting the concept of retail functions and retail skills, this study examines how venture merchants perform retail functions, and identifies the required retail skills. This study analyzed primary data obtained through an interview with a bookstore called Lunuganga. Results: The venture merchant purchases products based on his self-assertion and creates an original "store identification." Moreover, he draws a changing "own-store customers image" and acquires "own-store customers," that is, customers acquired by him by building an original store identity. He sells products to "own-store customers" who identify with the store. The retail skills identified as required by venture merchants to carry out such retail functions were "skill to draw a store identification" and "skill to draw own-store customer image." Conclusions: Venture merchants' unique retail functions and retail skills suggest a new basis for the existence of small and medium-sized retailers. It is necessary to build a generalized theoretical hypothesis model by refining the concept presented in this paper by repeating research targeting venture merchants in the same industry and different industries.