• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2021

Purpose: The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the degree of effect size and variables for the impact of manual physical therapy on the improvement in the range of motion of frozen shoulder patients. Methods: This study collected 8 studies published between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2020. The analysis of the results verified 49 effect size data and the random effect model was chosen. Results: First, the full case showed the largest mean effect size of 2.485 (p<0.001). Second, the size of the effect based on manual therapy and modality therapy showed an effect size of 4.178 (p<0.001). Third, the outcome group included 6 variables. The external rotation (2.818) variable group showed the largest mean effect size, followed by internal rotation (2.748), flexion (2.643), abduction (2.356), and adduction (2.356). Six outcomes were significant and the mean effect sizes of all the varied groups were above large size. The number of participants showed a 20 or less effect size of 2.478 (p>0.737). The number of intervention periods showed 4 weeks 20 or more effect size of 2.782 (p>0.294). Finally, the 'Trim and Fill' result confirmed that the calibration effect size was 1.471 (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study verified that manual physical therapy had a substantial effect on the improvement of the range of motion of patients with frozen shoulders and that the effects were dependent on the methods of outcomes.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2020

PURPOSE: The main purpose of this meta-analysis study was to identify the degree-of-effect size and the variables for the effects of manual physical therapy on myofascial pain syndrome. METHODS: This study collected six studies published between 2015.01.01 and 2019.12.31. The analysis result verified nine effect size data. The random-effect model was chosen because of the heterogeneity of the data. RESULTS: First, the full case showed the largest mean effect size of 2.297 (p < .001). Second, the size of the effect based on the fascial distortion model (FDM) intervention showed an effect size of 4.654 (p < .001). Third, the number of participants showed a 15 or less effect size of 2.612 (p > .058). The number of treatments showed a 10 less effect size of 2.844 (p > .129). The publication type showed a thesis effect size of 3.095 (p < .002). CONCLUSION: Manual physical therapy has a great effect on myofascial pain syndrome in the neck and shoulders, and that the effects differ according to the methods of intervention.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.639-651
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• 2020

This study utilized data to classify and characterize the body types of plus-size adult men aged in their 30s and 40s. Diversity is an important factor in the era of inclusive design, and discussion about size diversity to include the plus size should be accommodated. Data from 493 adult men classified as obese (with a World Health Organization criterion ≥25 BMI) were used for the analysis. The results of the study are as follows. Six independent factors were extracted using factor analysis for cluster analysis, which were then classified into five types. Type 1 (29.01%) was identified as body type I with the smallest degree of obesity. Type 2 (15.4%) was identified as body type Y with wide shoulders and a thin waist. Type 3 (14.2%) was the largest body volume (body type O), while the fourth (19.27%) identified as body type H has a large height and upper body. Lastly, type 5 (22.11%) has a long lower body and a slim abdomen, referred to as body type X. This study presents a basis for the development of various clothing sizes utilizing the body shape characteristics of plus-size men in their 30s and 40s. Follow-up research is needed to develop patterns for plus size men and to design various products.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2016

이 연구는 현재 교육현장에서 실시되고 있는 학교폭력 예방 프로그램의 효과에 대한 메타분석을 실시하였다. 메타분석은 체계적이고 객관적인 방법을 활용하여 개입의 크기와 방향을 제시한다는 장점을 가지고 있는 분석방법으로, 개입에 대한 종합적 분석이 가능하다. 논문의 선정기준을 통해 총 33편의 연구물을 분석 대상으로 선정하였다. 선정된 33편의 연구물에서 129개의 효과크기를 종합하여 분석한 결과 학교폭력 예방 프로그램의 전체 효과크기는 0.624로 나타났다. 인간특성 영역에 따라 학교폭력 예방 프로그램의 효과크기를 비교한 결과, 정의적 영역, 운동적 영역, 인지적 영역, 사회적 영역, 복합적 영역 순으로 효과가 있었다. 참가자의 연령에 따른 효과크기를 비교한 결과 초등학교 고학년, 고등학생, 중학생, 초등학교 저학년 순으로 효과크기가 나타났다. 개입시기에 따른 효과크기를 분석한 결과 3차 예방, 2차 예방, 1차 예방 순으로 효과크기를 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 후속연구와 향후 프로그램 운영에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.112-123
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• 2019

Objective: Based on the results of previous studies, it is necessary to analyze gait and discuss and present the effects of aquatic exercise for chronic stroke. The purpose of this study was to present objective data on the effect of aquatic exercise on the gait of persons with stroke by performing a meta-analysis. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of 23 studies that investigated the effects of aquatic exercise performed between 2006 and 2017. The studies were searched on the basis of the participants, intervention, comparison, outcomes standard. The quality of the research method was assessed using a tool that can assess the risks posed by each study design. A meta-analysis software program was used to calculate the mean effect size, effect size by intervention, and effect size by outcome. We also performed a meta-regression analysis and an analysis of publication bias. Results: The mean effect size of the patients' gait was 0.65 (p<0.05). The largest effect size by outcome was observed at the 6-m walk test, followed by the 6-minutes walk test, 10-m walk test, and the walking equipment test (p<0.05). The meta-regression analysis showed that the effect size increased with increased duration, number, and length of sessions. Conclusions: Aquatic exercise appears to show a moderate effect on the gait of chronic stroke survivors. Meta-analyses on the effects of aquatic exercise in other patient populations are needed. This study suggests standard criteria establishments for the effect of aquatic exercise on the walking ability of persons with chronic stroke.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.36-47
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• 2019

[Purpose] We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of Taekwondo training on the physical fitness factors in Korean elementary students comprehensively and quantitatively. [Methods] We classified research studies published until November 2018 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and selected a total of 17 research items; a meta-analysis of these items was then conducted. We used the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 and Review Manager 5.3 to analyze the mean effect size, study quality, and publication bias. [Results] Taekwondo training improved the cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle endurance, and power of the elementary students, but was not practical or less useful on other physical fitness factors. The meta-regression analysis of the cardiopulmonary endurance and power items showed that the effect size was large when the sample size was small. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the sample size in interpreting the effect size for these two items. Further, during correction of the publication bias for the power items, the improvement effect by Taekwondo training was eliminated. [Conclusion] Taekwondo training is helpful for improving the cardiopulmonary endurance and muscle endurance of Korean elementary students but is not useful for other physical fitness factors.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1989-1995
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• 2004

Finite element analysis(FEA) is the most popular numerical method to simulate plasticity-induced fatigue crack closure and can predict fatigue crack closure behavior. Finite element analysis under plane stress state using 4-node isoparametric elements is performed to investigate the detailed closure behavior of fatigue cracks and the numerical results are compared with experimental results. The mesh of constant size elements on the crack surface can not correctly predict the opening level for fatigue crack as shown in the previous works. The crack opening behavior for the size mesh with a linear change shows almost flat stress level after a crack tip has passed by the monotonic plastic zone. The prediction of crack opening level presents a good agreement with published experimental data regardless of stress ratios, which are using the mesh of the elements that are in proportion to the reversed plastic zone size considering the opening stress intensity factors. Numerical interpolation results of finite element analysis can precisely predict the crack opening level. This method shows a good agreement with the experimental data regardless of the stress ratios and kinds of materials.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to synthesize the results of studies on the effects of multi-cultural education program for Korean children. Using the author's own selection criteria, 17 studies were finally selected and 31 effect sizes were calculated from these studies and used for meta analysis. The overall effect size for all studies on the random effect model was .802, and it was positive and high. Given the heterogeneity among the effect size, subgroup analysis was conducted. According to the analysis, effect sizes significantly differed depending on program goal, concerned multi-cultural higher than others. Result also showed that the high scored effect sizes were the general family, pre-school age children group, and the program were 11-20 children group in size, and 11~20 times in frequency of education.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.819-836
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• 2013

본 연구는 백령도 사곶 사빈에서 채취한 사질 시료를 대상으로 레이저 회절 입도분석기를 이용한 입도분석에 있어서 전처리 및 굴절율과 흡수율의 영향을 비교하고, 사질 시료의 적절한 입도분석 절차 및 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구에 적용된 세 가지 전처리 방법에 따라 입도분석 결과는 서로 큰 차이를 보이지 않지만, 과산화수소 처리를 했을 경우, 그렇지 않았을 때와 차이를 보이고 있어, 과산화수소 처리를 통해 유기물은 제거되어야 한다. 시료의 입도분석 결과는 굴절율 1.3과 흡수율 0.01 이하에서 다른 지수가 적용되었을 때와 차이를 보이고 있다. 이러한 차이는 세립질 시료에 비하면 그리 크지 않으며 따라서 굴절율과 흡수율도 사질 시료의 입도분석 결과에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는다. 그러나 굴절율 1.3과 흡수율 0.01 이하 이외의 다른 지수를 적용할 필요가 있다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.71-83
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• 2019

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to analyze to the effects of aquatic exercise programs in children with cerebral palsy and identify directions for future research. Methods: A systematic search based on the PRISMA guidelines was undertaken for studies conducted between 2006 and 2018 on aquatic exercise programs in children with cerebral palsy. A total of 10 studies were selected according to the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality was assessed using the Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Controlled Trials (RoB) and Risk-of-Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS). A meta-analysis software (CMA 3.0) was used to calculate the mean effect size, effect size by intervention (Halliwick and Watsu Aquatic methods), and effect size by outcome. Results: The mean effect size was 0.457. The effect size by intervention was largest for the Halliwick method, followed by the Watsu method. The effect size by outcome was largest for range of motion, followed by the gross motor function measure, the Pediatric Berg Balance Scale, and the Modified Ashworth Scale. Meta-regression analysis showed effect size increased when sample size, number of sessions, and length of sessions increased. Conclusion: The results show that aquatic exercise programs have a positive effect on children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a guideline that recommends the appropriate intervention and the identifies the direction of future studies on aquatic exercise programs.