• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2013

Numerical simulation was performed for the rotor blade with fixed tab in hover using an unstructured mesh Navier-Stokes flow solver. The inflow and outflow boundary conditions using 1D momentum and 3D sink theory were applied to reduce computational time. Calculations were performed at several operating conditions of varying collective pitch angle and fixed tab length. The aerodynamic effect of fixed tab length was investigated for hovering efficiency, pitching moment and flapping moment of the rotor blade. The results show that it affects linearly increasing on the pitching moment of the rotor blade but does not affect on the flapping moment. The required power is less than 45kw for ground rotating test in hover. Numerical simulations also show that the vortex generate not only from the tip of the rotor blade but also from the fixed tab on the rotor blade.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.596-606
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• 2002

The three-dimensional unsteady compressible Euler equation solver with ALE, CFD code, PAM-FLOW based on FEM method has been applied to analyze the flow field around the high speed train which is entering into a channel. From the present study, the pressure and flow transients were calculated and analyzed. The generation of compression wave was observed ahead of train and the high pressure in the gap between the train and the tunnel was also found due to the blockage effects. It was found that abrupt fluctuation in pressure exists in the region from train nose to shoulder of train corresponding to 10％ of total length of train during tunnel entry. Computed time history of aerodynamic forces of train during tunnel entry show that drag coefficient rapidly rises and saturates at about non-dimensional time 0.31. The total increase of drag coefficient before and after tunnel entry is about 1.1%. Transient profile of lift force shows similar pattern to drag coefficient except abrupt drop after saturation and lift force in the tunnel increases 0.08% more than that before tunnel entry.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

비정상 공기역학적 해석코드와 동역학적 해석 프로그램이 연계된 코드를 이용하여 단분리 시스템의 유동해석과 함께 분리과정의 거동을 해석하였다. 본 연구는 일단 추진 모터를 가진 장거리 미사일 단분리과정 만을 연구대상으로 하였다. 연구의 목적은 이러한 단분리 시스템의 안전성과 신뢰도를 검증하기 위해 단분리 과정에 대한 비정상 동역학 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 특히 비행 중 받음각 요란에 의한 자유흐름 조건의 변화에 대해서도 시뮬레이션을 수행하여, 받음각 요란이 단분리의 안정성과 신뢰도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 해석코드는 병렬화 된 중첩 정열격자계를 사용하여 비정상 초음속 오일러 코드로 공기역학적 해석을 한 후, 이 결과를 6자유도를 갖는 운동방정식의 입력 데이터로 하여 동역학적 시물레이션을 수행하였다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2000

약비선형 완경사 방정식이 Galerkin 방법에 의하여 연속방정식으로부터 직접 유도되었으며 평균수면에서의 유속으로 표현된 운동방정식과 함께 사용된다. 두 방정식으로부터 수면변위 하나의 함수로 표현된 수식이 또한 유도되었으며 선형형은 Smith and Sprinks(1975)에 의하여 제안된 식과 일치하였고 천해, 천이영역, 심해 조건에 대하여 각각 Airy(1845), Boussinesq. Stokes의 2차 파랑과 비교되었다. 본 연구에서 유도된 비선형 파랑 방정식은 각 방향에 대하여 tridiagonal matrix를 얻기 위하여 근사적인 인수분해법으로 차분된다. 실험을 통하여 수립된 비선형 파랑 모형의 재현 능력을 검토하였으며 대체로 만족스러운 결과를 얻었다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2011

A weakly nonlinear seakeeping methodology for predicting motions and loads is presented in this paper. This methodology assumes linear radiation and diffraction forces, calculated in the frequency domain, and fully nonlinear Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic forces, evaluated in the time domain. The particular approach employed here allows to overcome numerical problems connected to the determination of the impulse response functions. The procedure is divided into three consecutive steps: evaluation of dynamic sinkage and trim in calm water that can significantly influence the final results, a linear seakeeping analysis in the frequency domain and a weakly nonlinear simulation. The first two steps are performed employing a three-dimensional Rankine panel method. Nonlinear Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic forces are computed in the time domain by pressure integration on the actual wetted surface at each time step. Although nonlinear forces are evaluated into the time domain, the equations of motion are solved in the frequency domain iteratively passing from the frequency to the time domain until convergence. The containership S175 is employed as a test case for evaluating the capability of this methodology to correctly predict the nonlinear behavior related to wave induced motions and loads in head seas; numerical results are compared with experimental data provided in literature.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.287-301
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• 2013

The present paper deals with the problems of yaw angle effects on podded propulsor performance. The study aims at providing insights on characteristics of podded propulsors in azimuthing condition. In this regard, a wide numerical simulation that concerned yaw angle effect measurement on podded propeller performance was performed. The Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) based solver is used in order to study the variations of hydrodynamic characteristics of podded propulsor at various angles. At first, the propeller is analyzed in open water condition in absence of pod and strut. Next flow around pod and strut are simulated without effect of propellers. Finally, the whole unit is studied in zero yaw angle and azimuthing condition. Structured and unstructured mesh techniques are used for single propeller and podded propulsor. The performance curves of the propeller obtained by numerical method are compared and verified by the experimental results. The characteristic parameters including the torque and thrust of the propeller, the axial force and side force of unit are presented as function of velocity advance ratio and yaw angle. The results shows that the propeller thrust, torque and podded unit forces in azimuthing condition depend on velocity advance ratio and yaw angle.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2207-2212
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• 2008

The next generation of Korean high-speed train under development will be designed for the maximum operating speed of 350km/h and maximum speed of 400km/h. This high-speed operation may cause the noise and vibration problems around tunnel exit due to the higher micro-pressure wave than present level. In this study, the nose shape optimization was conducted for the countermeasure against these problems. Axi-symmetric solver was used for numerical simulation, and response surface was used for efficiency of optimization process. Also the multi-step optimization was conducted to find out more accurate optimal shape. Through these analysis and optimization, it was found out that the optimal nose shapes for minimization of micro-pressure wave are definitely different along the nose length variation. And the mechanism of micro-pressure wave reduction was closely investigated by the analysis of generation process of compression wave in tunnel. The results are expected to be used as design guideline for performance improvement of the next generatin of Korean high-speed train.

• 청정기술
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 리튬이온전지의 방전특성에 따른 열발생 속도를 계산하여 전지의 특성을 평가하였다. 이를 위하여 Butler-Volmer 식을 지배방정식으로 하여, 유사 2차원 모델링을 적용하고, 편미분 연산자인 FEMLAB을 이용하여 전산모사를 수행하였다. 전류밀도를 5 $A/m^2$에서 25 $A/m^2$까지 증가시켜 계산을 수행한 결과, 전류밀도가 증가함에 따라 전극표면에서 고체상 리튬의 소모량이 증가되는 것으로 나타났다. 이로 인한 확산제한의 발생시점이 단축되었으며, 동시에 리튬이온전지의 내부 전위가 컷오프 전위에 도달하는 시점에서 열발생 속도가 급격하게 증가되는 현상을 보여주었다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2011

Three-dimensional finite element analysis is performed to study the temperature distribution phenomenon of TIG assisted friction stir welding (TAFSW) between dissimilar plates (Al 6061-T6 and stainless steel 304). TAFSW is a solid-state welding process that integrates TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) into a friction stir welding (FSW), to preheat the harder material ahead of FSW tool during welding. In order to facilitate the industrial application of welding, 3D numerical modeling of heat transfer has been carried out applying Finite Element Method (FEM). The temperature distribution due to heat generation during TAFSW on dissimilar materials joint is analysed using in-house solver. Moving heat source along with frictional heat between the work specimens and tool surface is considered to calculate the heat input. The analytical model used predicts successfully the maximum welding temperatures that occur on the dissimilar materials during TAFSW. Comparison with the infra red camera and thermocouple measurement results shows that the results from the current numerical simulation have good agreement with the measured data.

• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2006

A Blu-ray disc, which has a more than 25GB optical capacity, has been known as a promising next-generation optical disc format. It commonly has a 1.1 mm thick substrate and a 0.1 mm thick cover layer for beam transmitting and the protection of the reflecting surface. The cover layer is generally formed by the spin coating process. However, in conventional spin coating, small bumps are formed along the rim of the disc, which results in the fatal reading error. Numerical simulation of the thin film flow behaviors during spin coating with the commercial solver and optimal spinning conditions was obtained. Thickness distribution of the cover layer according to the variation of substrate's edge shape could be calculated as well. By modifying the shape of the substrate edge shape, the bumps along the disc rim could be minimized, and it was proved that the chamfered edge, around $5{\sim}10$ degree, is the simplest and most effective way to minimize the bumps.