• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.159-180
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• 1999

The present paper shows a new non-tensorial approach to derive basic equations for various structural analyses. It can be used directly in numerical computation procedures. The aim of the paper is, however, to show that the approach serves as an excellent tool for analytical purposes also, working as a link between analytical and numerical techniques. The paper gives a method to derive, at first, expressions for strains in general beam and shell analyses, and secondly, the governing equilibrium equations. The approach is based on the utilization of local fixed Cartesian coordinate systems. Applying these, all the definitions required are the simple basic ones, well-known from the analyses in common global coordinates. In addition, the familiar principle of virtual work has been adopted. The method will be, apparently, most powerful in teaching the theories of curved beam and shell structures for students not familiar with tensor analysis. The final results obtained have no novelty value in themselves, but the procedure developed opens through its systematic and graphic progress a new standpoint to theoretical considerations.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.1418-1423
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• 2003

In this paper, a nonlinear controller based on sliding mode control is applied to a two -wheeled Welding Mobile Robot (WMR) to track a smooth-curved welding path at a constant velocity of the welding point. T he mobile robot is considered in terms of dynamics model in Cartesian coordinates and its parameters are exactly known . To obtain the controller, the tracking errors are defined, and the two sliding surfaces are chosen to guarantee that the errors converge to zero asymptotically. Two cases are to be considered: fixed torch and controllable torch. In addition, a simple way of measuring the errors is introduced using two potentiometers. The simulation results are included to illustrate the performance of the control law.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

There are several theories to say that 'Mathematics is beautiful', but the typical one of them is a theory about the golden ratio. Often the golden ratio apt to be considered only as the geometric shapes or the simple number of ratio used in buildings and arts. However in this paper, we studied to consider the mathematical theories which are contained in their inside. In particular, we investigate the various expressions of the continued fraction which are represented by the golden ratio.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.649-654
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• 2004

A physically simple but mathematically cumbrous problem of rotating heavy chain with one fixed top point is studied. Nonlinear equation of its two-dimensional shapes of relative equilibrium is obtained and solved numerically. A linear case of small displacements is analyzed in terms of Bessel functions. The qualitative and quantitative behavior of the problem is discussed with the help of bifurcation diagram. Dynamics of the two-dimensional model near the equilibrium positions is studied with the help of simulation using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). The equilibriums are found instable, and the reason of instability is explained using a variational principle.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.43-50
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• 2002

Friction welding has many merits such as energy efficiency, simple processing, etc butt difficult to obtain good weld at the welded interface and heat affected zone. To date, the continuum mechanics and fracture mechanics are utilized to analyse stresses at the interface and propagation of cracks. In this study. STS304 and SM15C are selected because they can be differentiated distinctively from metallic point of view and crack can be observed easily. It is ovserved during friction welding that STS304, rotary part is hatter than SH15C, fixed part. The last fracture occurs around the center because the surface of fatigue fracture has smooth regions, due to the separation phenomenon in plastic flows layers and striation dimple pattern.

• The Magazine of the IEIE
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.295-295
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• 2003

The advantages of using analogue optical networks for delivering radio signals from a central location to many remote antenna sites have been recognized. In a telecommnications context, radio signals may be for fixed radio access, cordless or mobile networks, but the same principles apply. By making use of the high bandwidth, low loss characteristics of optical fiber, all high frequency and signal processing functions can be performed centrally and signals can then be transported over the optical network directly at the carrier frequency. The remote sites then become very simple, requiring only optoelectronic conversion, filtering and linear amplification. This shifting of the complex functionality away from the remote site allow cheap, reliable, small and light-weight radio access points with low power consumption to be deployed. In this paper, we show that an electroabsorption modulation(EAM) may be used as a single component in such a radio access point, as a passive transceiver for small-sized cell(picocells).

• The Magazine of the IEIE
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.81-85
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• 2003

The advantages of using analogue optical networks for delivering radio signals from a central location to many remote antenna sites have been recognized. In a telecommnications context, radio signals may be for fixed radio access, cordless or mobile networks, but the same principles apply. By making use of the high bandwidth, low loss characteristics of optical fiber, all high frequency and signal processing functions can be performed centrally and signals can then be transported over the optical network directly at the carrier frequency. The remote sites then become very simple, requiring only optoelectronic conversion, filtering and linear amplification. This shifting of the complex functionality away from the remote site allow cheap, reliable, small and light-weight radio access points with low power consumption to be deployed. In this paper, we show that an electroabsorption modulation(EAM) may be used as a single component in such a radio access point, as a passive transceiver for small-sized cell(picocells).

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2003

Let X be a closed, oriented, Riemannian 4-manifold with ${{b_2}^+}(x)\;>\;1$ and of simple type. Suppose that ${\sigma}\;:\;X\;{\rightarrow}\;X$ is an involution preserving orientation with an oriented, connected, compact 2-dimensional submanifold $\Sigma$ as a fixed point set with ${\Sigma\cdot\Sigma}\;{\geq}\;0\;and\;[\Sigma]\;{\neq}\;0\;{\in}\;H_2(X;\mathbb{Z})$. We show that if _X(\Sigma)\;+\;{\Sigma\cdots\Sigma}\;{\neq}\;0$ then the $Spin^{C}$ bundle $\={P}$ is not $\mathbb{Z}_2-equivariant$, where det $\={P}\;=\;L$ is a basic class with $c_1(L)[\Sigma]\;=\;0$.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2002

We present a simple experimental method for determination of limiting intrinsic fixed-pattern non-uniformity (NU) due to fabrication process in two-dimensional CCD multiplexers (MUXs) that are used for hybrid focal plane arrays. Here, this is done by determining separately the two NUs viz. that are $V_T$ dependent and $V_T$ independent. From these measurements, process dependent NU can be extracted. It is argued that $V_T$ dependent NU can be eliminated by designing novel input circuits whereas $V_T$ independent NU, primarily, dependent on process control and material variations may be reduced but cannot be eliminated completely and hence limits the FPA performance eventually.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.606-613
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• 2013

This paper proposes a complete solution of a contention-based medium access control in wireless local networks to provide station level quality of service guarantees in both downstream and upstream directions. The solution, based on the mature distributed coordination function protocol, includes a new fixed contention window backoff scheme, a tuning procedure to derive the optimal parameters, a super mode to mitigate the downstream bottleneck at the access point, and a simple admission control algorithm. The proposed system guarantees that the probability of the delay bound violation is below a predefined threshold. In addition, high channel utilization can be achieved at the same time. The numerical results show that the system has advantages over the traditional binary exponential backoff scheme, including efficiency and easy configuration.