• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.374-384
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• 2024

Soybean paste is a staple food used to make doenjang (DE), cheonggukjang (CGJ), and miso (MI). In this study, solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify volatile components in DE, CGJ, and MI, and principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to determine their correlation between soybean pastes. Esters and hydrocarbons accounted for more than 55% of the total volatile components. PCA showed that esters were highly correlated with DE; pyrazines were correlated with CGJ; and alcohols were highly correlated with MI. Because DE, CGJ, and MI are made of the same material, their overall volatile content tended to be similar. However, the main volatile components and fragrances were different. These findings will be used as basic research data to promote quality improvement of soybean-based fermented foods in Korea and Japan.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 2005

Many countries divide infant formula into special nutrient food and they are in control of thorn very carefully. CODEX prescribes that the components which can be added to infant formula must be exist in the breast milk and the additives must be scientifically proved to be safe. Therefore infant formula manufacturers make efforts to develop infant formula to be similar to human milk based on research of human and bovine milk components. Domestic infant formulas are rich with functional components in comparison with foreign formulas ; such as immunity, anti-allergy, growth factor, developments of brain and digestion organs etc. At this point, progress of bioscience technology and introduction of various new technologies lead micro components in human and bovine milk to be separated and purified. Therefore many functional components are commercialized and infant formula companies use these. Various functional components are added to infant formula ; DHA and arachidonic acid as brain growth components, nucleotide and lactoferrin as immunity increment and oligosaccharides fur digestion. And new infant formula is being developed by using bone growth factor and dehydration components f3r atopy and allergy decrement.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.237-245
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• 2014

Volcanic ash components of Mt. Baekdu were estimated to response the change of water quality environment affected by Mt. Baekdu volcanic ash ejected during eruption. Then the change of water concentrations according to the sedimentation of volcanic ash components were analysed. To estimate volcanic ash components of Mt. Baekdu, similar volcanos were selected through the comparison of main foreign volcano's magma type and the selected volcanic ash components supposed as Baekdu Mountain's. To analyse the change of water concentrations, the change of harmful components affected by volcanic ash sedimentation were analysed and the results were compared with domestic drinking water quality standard. As the result, Al, Cd, F, Fe, Pb, Mg, Cl and Sr could affect to water quality. Among those components, concentrations of Cd, F, Fe, Pb and Mg were estimated to exceed the drinking water quality standard.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1172-1184
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• 2003

At present, new techniques based on different component reference models for the integration of component and system of different platforms, such as EJB and COM+, are introduced. The operation between the components in the identical component platform is realized by the composition at the source level. In case of the different component platform, however, it is impossible to use combined components in real condition although they are components of similar domain. In this paper we proposed a solution for the composition problem by using component transformation methodology based on model between EJB and COM+ components which are different components. For the composition between EJB and COM+ components, we compared and analyzed each reference model, then proposed the Virtual Component Model which is implementation independent and the Implementation Table for the mutual conversion. Reffering to the Virtual Component Model and the Implementation Table, we can generalize each Implementation model to the Virtual Component Model, make the Virtual Component Model which is implementation independent through the virtual component modeling, transform EJB and COM+ components selectively. Proposing the effective Model Transformation method to the different component platform, we can combine EJB and COM+ components.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 2023

Background: Although many studies have evaluated the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) components (Rg1, Rb1, Rg3, Rd, etc.), few have examined the in vivo pharmacokinetics of the radiolabeled components. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides and their metabolite compound K (CK), 20(s)-protopanaxadiol (PPD), and 20(s)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) using radioisotopes in rat oral administration. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed orally once with 10 mg/kg of the tritium(3H) radiolabeled samples, and then the blood was collected from the tail vein after 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 96, and 168 h. Radioactivity in the organs, feces, urine, and carcass was determined using a liquid scintillation counter (LSC) and a bio-imaging analyzer system (BAS). Results and conclusion: After oral administration, as the ³H-labeled ginsenosides were converted to metabolites, C_max and half-life increased, and T_max decreased. Interestingly, Rb1 and CK showed similar values, and after a single oral administration of components, the cumulative excretion ratio of urine and feces was 88.9%-92.4%. Although most KRG components were excreted within 96-168 h of administration, small amounts of components were detected in almost all tissues and mainly distributed to the liver except for the digestive tract when observed through autoradiography. This study demonstrated that KRG components were distributed to various organs in the rats. Further studies could be conducted to prove the bioavailability and transmission of KRG components to confirm the mechanism of KRG efficacy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.16 no.28
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• pp.21-29
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• 1993

We want to know the interrelationship among the four components of Total Quality Cost. So that we will be able to say what changes will occur in one when another is changed Even though the relationship among the component Cost is as varied as there are companies keeping such cost systems, existence of some general pattern is hypothesized at least among similar companies doing similar business or producing similar products. The purpose of this study is to drive Optimum Quality Cost on base of the result of the quality cost analyses in N business, after multiple regression model with failure cost as dependent variable is established. Vector Optimization (VOP) method were used for solving multiobjective decision ploblem.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.105-108
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• 1978

This experiment was designed to observe some influence on the serum components in rats by feeding basal diet (Protein contents: 20.0%; lipid contents: 3.5%) with soft water (Water, Carbonated cider, Cola and Fanta). Fourty male Albino rats were used as the experimental animals and the subjects were devided into four feeding group and each group was fed on the corresponding diet for six weeks. The contents of protein, lipid and cholesterol were determined in their serum. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1) The protein contents in the serum was decreased by the feeding of the Carbonated cider, Cola and Fanta compared with Water experimental group. 2) The lipid contents in the serum was similar to each feeding experimental group. 3) The total cholesterol and ester form cholesterol in the serum were decreased by the feeding of the Carbonated cider compared with Water, but were similar to the feeding of the Cola and Fanta.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.989-993
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• 2007

A lactose-hydrolyzed milk with low sweetness was developed using nanofiltration. Raw milk was treated with 0.03% ${\beta}$-galactosidase at $4^{\circ}C$ for 24 h to hydrolyze lactose partially. The resultant lactose-hydrolyzed milk containing 0.43% lactose was then concentrated using a nanofiltration membrane to reach concentration factor of 2.13. The concentration factors and coefficients of retention of milk components in nanofiltration were determined. The concentration factor of milk fat was 2.20 which was the highest of the milk components. The coefficient of retention of calcium and riboflavin was 0.96 and 0.76, respectively. However, the coefficient of retention of glucose, galactose, and sodium was 0.21, 0.15, and 0.22, respectively. Raw milk was treated with 0.1% ${\beta}$-galactosidase at $4^{\circ}C$ for 40 h to hydrolyze lactose fully and then concentrated to reach a concentration factor of 1.6 by using nanofiltration. The concentrated milk was reconstituted with water. The lactose-hydrolyzed milk had sweetness similar to milk. The compositional ratios of crude protein, calcium, sodium, and riboflavin of lactose-hydrolyzed nanofiltrated milk to those of raw milk were 99%, 97%, 77%, and 80%, respectively. This study showed that nanofiltration of lactose-hydrolyzed milk to remove galactose and glucose did not cause significant loss of calcium. The lactose-hydrolyzed nanofiltrated milk contained 0.06% lactose and had sweetness similar to milk.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.193-203
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• 1985

Lipid and fatty acid compositions of the free lipids in Panax ginseng (Korea, Japan and China), Panax quinquefolium (America, Canada) and Panax notoginseng (China) were studied by means of silicic acid column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. Free lipid contents were 1.13 to 1.24% in panax ginseng and 0.87 to 1.18% in Panax quinquefolium and 0.39% in panax notoginseng. Neutral lipid fractions were 81.2 to 84.4%, while glycolipid fractions 8.01% to 14.47% and phospholipid fractions 3.49 to 5.74% in free lipid contents. The major components were triglycerides, free sterols, diglyceride, free fatty acids and sterol esters in neutral lipid fractions, sterol glucoside, monogalactosyl diglyceride, digalactosyl diglyceride, esterified steryl glucoside in glycolipid fractions and phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatide, ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline in phospholipid fractions. The contents and compositions of neutral lipids and glyclipids were some different among various ginsengs, whereas phospholipids showed relatively similar compositions in the contents. Seventeen fatty acids were analyzed in the four free lipid fractions from the various ginsengs and the main fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid. It was found that the amounts of some fatty acids were different among the various ginsengs, but the fatty acid patterns of these ginsengs were on the whole similar.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.153-160
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• 1981

The investigation aimed to study the effect of ginseng on the hepatic glutathion S-transferase activity. The ginseng methanol extract was administered to rats and mice for 10 days and their hepatic gluthatione S-transferase activities were measured by the method of Habig et al. Glutathione S-transferase activities in the rat treated with 100 and 500mg/kg ginseng methanol extract were increased by 13.4% and 17.10%, respectively and their increases were statistically significant. Similar results were also found in the mouse treated with ginseng 100mg/kg methanol extract. To investigate components of the extract which induce the enzyme, the methanol extract was fractionated into ether and butanol fraction and their effect on the enzyme was compared. Glutathione S-transferase activities in the rat treated with ether fraction were increased by 13.1%, similar to that obtained with ginseng methanol extract, whereas, butanol fraction did not show any increase in the enzyme activities. In the rats treated with maltol, one of the components in ether fraction, 5mg/kg for 10 days, activity of glutathione S-transferase was increased by 7.89%, but its increase was not significantly different from control group. Therefore, it may be concluded that ginseng methanol extract and its ether soluble fraction had effect on the elevation of glutathione S-transferase activities, whereas, butanol fraction of ginseng methanol extract had no effect on the enzyme.