• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.331-335
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• 2015

Consideration of Glenohumeral joint's image with the Changed Body angle of the Glenohumeral joint's Oblique Position in Erect Position. Glenohumeral joint's of Grashey method is a shoulder oblique method available to view the shoulder joint. Grashey method projects AP view of the Glenohumeral joint's so that the Humerus head's subluxation or joint degeneration can be easily visualized. However in this view, the patients, erect position, have to keep their body obliquely. Oblique position is will be needed to get the good quality Glenohumeral joint's view. Therefore, we thought of examining a method which shows the Glenohumeral joint's well by angling the patient one side upward in erect position. For this study, total 20 subject with no history of neurological or psychiatric illness, were recruited for examinations. They consisted of 13 mails and 7 femails, Statistic group analysis was performed with ANOVA test. Score of the evaluation of the expects were $30^{\circ}$ at $0.40{\pm}0.499$, $35^{\circ}$ at $1.34{\pm}0.657$, $40^{\circ}$ at $1.84{\pm}0.573$, $45^{\circ}$ at $0.76{\pm}0.649$, and they were significant(P<0.05). The degree of $40^{\circ}$ views were shown to yield good quality shoulder oblique images.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2003

Twin stone pagodas of the ruins of Kamunsa temple at Kyongju city, Kyungsangbukdo were believed to be built in 682 during the Unified Shilla Kingdom. The 13.4-m-high granodiolite pagodas with the base of 6.78 m x 4.4 m are the largest three-story stone pagoda in Korea. The western pagoda which was re-organized in 1959 is observed to be on the process of severe weathering. Also, some stone contacts are represented by the shape of sharp chevron, which is probably caused by the uneven loading due to the structural unbalance. For the structure-safety diagnosis of the western pagoda, it is necessary to understand its site characteristics and surrounding subsurface environment. Combined geophysical survey such as seismic and resistivity methods was carried out around the western pagoda. The range of 55∼350 Ωm is shown around the pagoda from the electrical resistivity mapping by the Wenner method. The higher resistivities occur the southwestern area, while the lower (<100 Ωm) values indicating the weaker subsurface appear to be on the northeastern area. This result coincides with the measurement of a leaning angle of the pagoda. Along 6 seismic lines, about 3-m-thick uppermost section around the pagoda shows the P-wave velocity of 200∼700 m/s from the refraction survey. Based on the integrated geophysical survey, the foundation of the pagoda is estimated to be in the form of 11-m-side square down to the depth of 3 m.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.249-254
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• 2023

La_0.7-xCe_xSr_0.3MnO₃ specimens were fabricated by a solid state reaction method and structural and electrical properties with variation of Ce⁴⁺ contents were measured. All specimens exhibited a polycrystalline rhombohedral crystal structure, and the (110) peaks were shifted to low angle side with increasing the amount of Ce⁴⁺ contents. As Ce⁴⁺ ions with different ion radii and charges are substituted with La³⁺ ions, electrical properties are thought to be affected by changes in the double exchange interaction between Mn³⁺-Mn⁴⁺ ions due to distortion of the unit lattice, a decrease in oxygen vacancy concentration, and an increase in lattice defects. Resistivity gradually decrease as the amount of Ce⁴⁺ added increased, and negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) properties were shown in all specimens. In the La_0.5Ce_0.2Sr_0.3MnO₃ specimens, electrical resistivity, TCR and B-value were 31.8 Ω-cm, 0.55%/℃ and 605 K, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.49-59
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• 2018

Simulator sickness is one of the important side effect of virtual reality. Simulator sickness is influenced by various factors, and field of view (FOV) is one of them. The FOV is a viewing angle limited by the screen, and when the FOV is reduced, the simulator sickness is reduced, and the presence is lowered. Previous study developed a Dynamic FOV Restrictor (Center-fixed FOV Restrictor) to reduce simulator sickness while maintaining presence. It is a method that limits the FOV dynamically by reflecting the speed and angular velocity of the avatar. We also developed Eye-tracking Based Dynamic FOV Restrictor (Eye-tracking FOV Restrictor) by adding head rotations and eye movements. This study attempts to compare the simulator sickness and the presence of the No FOV Restrictor condition, the Center-fixed FOV Restrictor condition, and the Eye-tracking FOV Restrictor condition. The results showed that the simulator sickness of the Center-fixed FOV Restrictor condition is significantly lower than other two conditions. The results also showed that there were no significant differences in presence in three conditions. The interpretations and limitations of this study are discussed in this paper.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.3-9
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• 2015

Since changes in land use in urban space cause traffic volume and it is closely related to traffic accidents. Therefore, an analysis on the causes of traffic accidents is judged to be an essential factor to establish the measure to reduce traffic accidents. In this regard, the analysis was conducted on the clustering by using the nearest neighbor indexes with regard to the occurrence frequencies of commercial and residential zone based on traffic accident data of the past five years (2009-2013) with the target of local small-medium sized city, Jinju-si. The analysis results, obtained in this study, are as follows: the occurrence frequency of traffic accidents was the highest in spring and the lowest in winter respectively. The clustering of traffic accident occurrence at nighttime was stronger than at daytime. In addition, terms of the analysis on the clustering of traffic accident according to land use, changes according to the seasons was not significant in commercial areas, while clustering density in winter tended to become significantly lower in residential areas. The analysis results of traffic accident types showed that the side-right angle collision of cars was the highest in frequency occurrence, and widespread in both commercial areas and residential areas. These results can provide us with important information to identify the occurrence pattern of traffic accidents in the structure of urban space, and it is expected that they will be appropriately utilized to establish measures to reduce traffic accidents.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6D
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• pp.775-789
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• 2008

The Office for Government Policy Coordination announced in 2006, september that a scheme of pre-signal would show remarkable outcome to reduce traffic accidents. Therefore, the Ministry recommended applying preferentially the pre-signal scheme to enhancement projects for high accident frequency areas. In case that the suggested pre-signal was unilaterally introduced to the enhancement projects at intersections, it might rather cause a big trial and error in terms of traffic safety. Hence, on the basis of quantitative analysis, this study was to indicate a pre-signal's effectiveness to reduce the traffic accidents, to illustrate a trend of the accident type due to the pre-signal, and to introduce intersection type that could be appropriate for the pre-signal. The methodology adopted Comparison-Group Method which was developed by Hauer. Through this methodology, overall effectiveness to reduce the accidents is considered positive but individual effectiveness by intersection and by accident case was different. All cases of the accidents at small scale intersection demonstrated positive results to reduce its accidents, while in case of frontal collision and side-right angle collision out of the accident types, the installation of pre-signal rather caused a negative result increasing the accident in terms of the traffic safety. I hope that this study would be a useful reference for future development of the estimation of accident effectiveness. Thus, when the pre-signal is being installed in the big intersection, it is recommended operating the installation concerning carefully improvements about muliple aspects as traffic operation, traffic facility, human factor etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.113-119
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• 2000

The Pansori is a Korean traditional vocal music that has a unique story and melody which converts deep emotion into art. It has both verbal and emotional components. which can be coordinated by large-scale neural network. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the cortical network activated by a Korean traditional opera, Pansori, with different emotional valence using functional MRI (fMRI).Nine right-handed volunteers participated. Their mean age was 25.3 and the mean modified Edinburgh score was +90.1. Activation tasks were designed for the subjects to passively listen to the two parts of Pansories with sad or hilarious emotional valence. White noise was introduced during the control periods. Imaging was conducted on a 1.5T Siemens Vision Vision scanner. Single-shot echoplanar fMRI scans (TR/TE 3840/40 ms, flip angle 90, FOV 220, 64 x 64 matrix, 6mm thickness) were acquired in 20 contiguous slices. Imaging data were motion-corrected, coregistered, normalized, and smoothed using SPM-96 software.Bilateral posterior temporal regions were activated in both of Pansori tasks, but different asymmetry between the tasks was found. The Pansori with sad emotion showed more activation in the light superior temporal regions as well as the right inferior frontal and the orbitofrontal areas than in the right superior temporal regions as well as the right inferior frontal and the orbitofrontal areas than in the left side. In the Pansori with hilarious emotion, there was a remarkable activation in the left hemisphere especially at the posterior temporal and the temporooccipital regions as well as in the left inferior and the prefrontal areas. After subtraction between two tasks, the sad Pansori showed more activation in the right temporoparietal and the orbitofrontal areas, in contrast, the one with hilarious emotion showed more activation in the left temporal and the prefrontal areas. These results suggested that different hemispheric asymmetry and cortical areas are subserved for the processing of different emotional valences carried by the Pansories.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.99-105
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• 2014

Since traffic accidents account for the highest proportion of the artificial disasters which occur in urban areas along with fire, more scientific an analysis on the causes of traffic accidents and various prevention measures against traffic accidents are needed. In this study, the research selected Jinju-si, which belongs to local small and medium-sized cities as a research target to analyze the characteristics of temporal and spacial distribution of traffic accidents by associating the data of traffic accidents, occurred in 2013 with the causes of traffic accidents and location information that includes occurrence time and seasonal features. It subsequently examines the spatial correlation between traffic accidents and the characteristics of urban space development according to the plans of land using. As a result, the characteristics of accident distribution according to the types of accidents reveal that side right-angle collisions (car versus car) and pedestrian-crossing accident (car versus man) showed the highest clustering in the density analysis and average nearest neighbor analysis. In particular, traffic accidents occurred the most on roads which connect urban central commercial areas, high-density residential areas, and industrial areas. In addition, human damage in damage conditions, clear day in weather condition, dry condition in the road condition, and three-way intersection in the road way showed the highest clustering.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.569-576
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• 2019

PSC-Edge Rahmen Bridge makes low thickness and long span by introducing prestressed force to the edge girder and reducing positive moment. In the bridge, diagonal tension cracks occurred in the direction of $45^{\circ}$ to outer side of the girder after the temporary bent supported on the lower part of the upper slab and the secondary strand is tensioned on the girder. Researches on stress distribution and burst crack behavior of pre-stress anchorage has been conducted, it is difficult to analyze an obvious cause due to difference between actual shape and boundary condition. This study performed 3D frame analysis with additional boundary condition of temporary bent, the maximum compression stress occurred in the girder and there was a limit to identify the cause. It performed 3D Solid analysis with LUSAS 16.1 and the maximum principal tensile stress occurred at the boundary between the girder and the slab. As analyzing required reinforcement quantity at obtuse angle of the girder with the maximum principal tensile stress and directional cosine, reinforcement quantity was insufficient. Additional bridges have increased reinforcement quantity and extended area and crack was not occurred. It is expected that cracks on the girder during construction could be controlled by applying the proposed method to PSC-Edge Rahmen Bridge.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.26
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• pp.221-232
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• 1995

It was aimed to study the costume of Koryo dynasty based upon the one hundred and thirty four pictures of the engraved painting on the wood. The costume to study were made about 400 years during the King Mok-jong(1006) to the forth year of the king Wu based upon the Avatamaka Sutra and Pulsul-Yaesu 가) Men's wear 1. Hair style and hair dress ; Man tied up a top knot and they put on the hat such as a Kuan, Kun, and Mo. The young boys binds his hair up one, two, and three knots. 2. Clothes : 1) King wore an uniform of Mien-lu Kuan system. 2) The Crown Prince and high rank officials wore Yuan-yu-Kuan Won-jung-po-ju-Kuan, Sa-bang-Kuan, Yun-wha-Kuan and montain shape Po-ju-Kuan as a court dress. 3) Officials put on the Pok-du as an official dress and Won-jung-ip-mo, Kun and Mo as an everyday dress, the monk put on the diamond shape Do-kuan and Du-kun and the soldier put on the Helmet. Costume system of man was as follows ; They wore exchanged shape collar, big sleeve jacket, long skirt, apron, hanging precious stone big belt as a Mien-pok. 4) The soldiers wore helmet, Keun-Kap, Scarf, Pee-Bak, Hung-Kap, Pok-Kap, Yang-Dang-Kap, We-Yo-Kap, Kum-Kap, and caries arms. Lower-level officials wore Pe-Bal, Kun-Mo, gae, won-leung, very small sleve jacket, a long coat reaching up to the knee length, slacks, belt, loin cloth and apron. 5) Children's bind their hair up angle shape and wore a half long jacket raching up to the hip and slacks. 나) Women's wear; 1. hair style and hair dress; 1) High rank women's hair style was very extravaganceful. They made their hair top knot (one, two, or more knots) and decoraed precious stone, pan shape head dress, wheel shape head dress, and flower shape precious stone decorated head dress. 2. Clothes ; 1) High rank ladi's wore Kun-Kyun attached jacket, and jacket sleeves decorated pleats, and pleats decorated long skirt, apron, back apron, knot belt, scarf, this type is the same with Dang Dynasty, five dynasty of china, Song, Kum, Won, Myung Dynasty, and our costume of Poe-hae, and Shilla Dyansty. 2) Official ladies wore exchange shape collor, big sleeve jacket, long pleats skirt, apron, and back apron, scarf. 3) Women wore top knot hair style and decorated by ribbons. Shoulder scarf attached small sleeve jacket and wore reaching up to the knee length. Side seam is open and under wear was long skirt. 4) High knot hair style and exchanged shape collor jacket, under wear wore long skirt. They wore under skirts and the jackets. 5) High knot hair style, exchange shape collor jacket reaching up to the knee length small sleeve under wear wore long skirt, belt. 6) High knot hair style, big sleeve jacket and long skirt. 7) Foot wear wore boots, mokasin type shoes, sandal.