• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.559-568
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the intakes and perceptions of convenient breakfast related to age and family type. The survey included 545 men and women living in Seoul from June to July. Questionnaire items covered their age, gender, family types, breakfast intakes and preference for convenient breakfast menu. As a result, there were significant differences in the number of breakfast intakes per week according to family types; large families recorded the highest frequency in "I have breakfast everyday" and the couple-only families and nuclear families scored relatively high numbers. In terms of the type of breakfast, the first choice was "rice and side dishes" across all the age groups (69.3%). There were differences in the preference of convenient breakfast in "bread", "cereal", "rice cake", "sunsik", and "rice gruel" by different age. The teens exhibited the highest preference of bread (5.63), and cereal (5.53) for breakfast; those who were in their fifties for rice cake (5.42). Both forties and fifties showed the higher preference of sunsik (4.58, 4.76) and rice gruel (5.89, 5.77) than other age groups. As for the preference for convenient breakfast according to family types, single person families displayed the highest preference of bread (5.42) and cereal (5.75). Couple families showed higher preference of rice gruel (5.82) than other family groups. The preference level for "rice cake" was similar among all the family types. As a result, it is suggested that the development of various breakfast menus considering age groups and family types is needed so that modern people can enjoy breakfast in terms of quality and quantity in their busy daily life.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to estimate the preference, intake frequency and eating behavior for kimchi as well as analyze the differences by gender among fourth to sixth grade students (n=410) in a Chungnam region. Approximately 64% of the students liked the spicy taste of kimchi, 75.9% liked the saltiness, and 48.5% liked well-fermented kimchi. The disliking factors of kimchi were its sour taste (38.5%), strong scent (20.1%), and salty taste (15.4%). The most preferred type of kimchi was Baechukimchi, followed by Kkakduki, Yeolmukimchi, and Chonggakkimchi. Further, the most frequently consumed type of kimchi was Baechukimchi, followed by Kkakduki, Chonggakkimchi and Yeolmukimchi. Oisobaki, welsh onion kimchi, sesame leaf kimchi, Gatkimchi, Nabakkimchi and Baekkimchi were rarely consumed. About 34% of the students consumed 5 to 7 pieces of kimchi per meal, and 84.1% enjoyed eating kimchi, mostly because of its good taste (61.3%). The reason for not eating kimchi was because other side dishes are more delicious (30.2%). About 80% of the students responded that they prepared kimchi at home. Moreover, 74.3% of the students eat kimchi much more at home than at school. Improvements to be made for kimchi at school were as follows: less salty (34.9%), less spicy (27.6%), and sweet (22.5%). In conclusion, students enjoyed eating kimchi because of its good taste. Further, they showed preference for Baechukimchi, Kkakduki, and Yeolmukimchi and consumed them frequently. Because kimchi appears to be more preferred and more frequently consumed, it is necessary to develop a menu using kimchi along with the proper eating guidance for helping students consume various types of kimchi at school or at home.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2014

The globalization of Korean food has long been an important agenda for both the Korean government and food-related firms, and there have been many trials and errors because of cultural differences in food consumption habits. This study explores Chinese consumers' purchase behaviors toward chicken menus, and for a better understanding of these behaviors, the study considers differences in consumer behavior in between Chinese and Korean consumers around Daejeon, South Korea. The sample included a total of 232 respondents who provided information on their purchase behaviors toward chicken menus. A total of 13 purchasing attributes were compared through a t-test, and according to the results, there were significant differences in 6 attributes: "like the taste" (p<0.001), "as a side dish for drinks" (p<0.001), "to feel good" (p<0.01), "like all chicken dishes" (p<0.05), "for health" (p<0.05), and "low prices" (p<0.05). The results for chicken consumption indicate significant differences in frequency (p<0.05), goals (p<0.01), and expected fair prices (p<0.05). These results suggest that, to make Korean chicken dishes a global Korean menu, future research should focus on consumers' motives for purchasing chicken menus, satisfaction, and characteristics. The generalizability of the results may be limited because the survey was conducted by considering only those students in the Daejeon area. Future research should include a wider range of consumers in both Korea and China for better strategic plans for food-related firms.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.879-889
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine nutrition management conditions of lunch with the elementary schools and middle schools in the Changwon area. 292 students (5th and 6th graders) from three elementary schools and 330 students from three middle schools (boys, girls, and co-ed) participated in the aggregate selective plate waste measurement for 5 days. Planned menus, serving sizes and plate waste amount data were collected. Nutrient analyses for the planned, served and consumed menus at school lunches were performed by using CAN-PRO 3.0. Nutrient analyses of the planned, served and consumed menus were compared with nutrient management standard (former edition) for school lunch and 1/3 Korean Dietary Reference Intakes (KDRIs). Significant difference was found in the average consumption rate between the elementary schools (82.2%) and the middle schools (71.8%). Specifically, the consumption rates of steamed rice (p < 0.001), side dish 1 (p < 0.001), and Kimchi (p < 0.01) at the middle schools were significantly lower than those of the elementary schools. When the nutrient contents in the served menus were put into percentages to the nutrient contents in the planned menus, middle schools (92.3%) showed bigger serving loss than the elementary schools (95.4%). In the nutrient assessment comparied with nutrient management standard (former edition), middle school lunches showed comparatively less energy or less some nutrient contents against the standard than the elementary school lunches. Specifically, in case of boys in middle schools, Vitamin C was the only nutrient content that satisfied the standard in the planned menus, served menus and consumed menus. In the 1/3 KDRIs based assessment, middle schoolers were found not to be provided proper nutrients with school lunches. To improve nutrition management at middle school foodservices, dietitians should reinforce nutrient assessment for menu planning, and try to decrease serving loss and plate waste.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.369-382
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to provide the fundamental information on satisfaction for school food service and dietary habits of middle school students in Sejong Special Self-Governing City. Generally, the subjects had a high satisfaction level for school food service. The boys had comparatively more satisfactory days for school food service than the girls. The most dissatisfactory factors of school food service were the taste and variety of menu for the girls, and the time and place for lunch and the service of employee for the boys. The intersexual differences existed with a significant difference in the irregular intake of meals, the reasons to skip meals, and the eating speed. For the boys, the main reason to skip meals was due to lack of appetite, and for the girls, it was the weight-control. The boys finished each meal within 5~10 min and ate more than the amount the girls eat in general. The main components of breakfast for the subjects were a cooked rice, soup, and side dish in 65.9%, and the frequency of skipping breakfast was high with 32.8%, which was once per week. The favorite snacks for the middle school students were cookies and beverages in 29.4%, instant foods in 24.3%, and hamburger and pizza in 21.4%. The intake frequency of snacks was once or twice per week in 46.5% of the subjects. In addition, the subjects had a very high intake frequency of fastfoods with once or twice per week in 72.7%, and the most favorite fastfood was ramen in 57.7%. The subjects in 45.3% took dairy food every day. In conclusion, the middle school students need nutrition education to improve their eating habit and to increase the frequency of breakfast.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.345-355
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• 1999

Present status of school lunch service and satisfaction on it were surveyed by questionnaires with 636 elementary school students in Inchon city. School lunch service was considered positive in 68.3% of the objectives. Most of the students thought the amount of rice and side dishes appropriate. And the ratios of students feeling the food taste fair and good were 36.6% and 56%, respectively. When dislike-foods were served, 58.3% still ate forcedly and 30.4% ate partly. Reasons for not eating up foods were dislike foods(46.7%), too much amount(20.3%), and bad taste(17.5%). Colors and appearance of foods were thought to be fair and good(93.8%). Warm foods were thought to be served warm as they should be(51.5%) and a little colder than they should be(43.5%). 65.4 percent of the students responded to be served cold foods cold enough as they should be. Dining hall was preferred as an eating place(61.4%). Half of the students occasionally washed their hands and 35.0% always did. Those in charge of teaching the table manners were teachers(59.8%), dieticians(16.9%) and principals(4.5%). Sixty-three % of the students felt the dieticians kind. Good changes resulting from the school food service were student could have balanced diet(24.4%) and enjoy eating(18.1%). For better school lunch service it is necessary to provide menu for student's preferences, facilities for maintaining food temperatures, dining halls and opportunities to wash hands prior to eating.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2012

본 연구는 웹 환경에서 어플리케이션 복잡도의 빈도분포를 근거로 한계값의 적정성을 분석하기 위한 실험을 하였으며 두 가지 가정을 기준으로 작업하였다. 즉, 절차적 프로그래밍에서 McCabe의 상한값 10과 자바 프로그래밍에서의 Lopez의 상한값 5에 대하여 웹 프로그래밍 구문에 이들 설정값의 적용이 가능한가?에 대한 실험으로 10 웹 사이트 프로젝트를 수집하였고 4,000여개의 ASP파일 표본이 측정되었다. 웹 어플리케이션에 대한 복잡도 빈도분포를 파악한 결과 통합된 웹 어플리케이션의 90% 이상이 복잡도 50이하의 값을 가짐으로써 한계값 50이 제안되었다. 서버, 클라이언트, HTML이 통합된 웹 어플리케이션의 구조상 HTML의 복잡도가 35~40의 값을 가지게 되는데 이는 HTML이 주로 홈 페이지나 사이트 맵을 구성하는 메뉴 형태로 되어 있어 높은 복잡도의 적합성이 설명되었다. 향후 웹 어플리케이션의 구조상 복잡도와 관련된 숨어 있는 속성은 없는지 관련성을 찾아보는 노력이 필요하다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.379-384
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• 2019

본 연구는 온라인 설문조사 사용자 경험 연구이다. 온라인 설문조사의 활용과 발전을 위해 사용자 측면의 연구를 하는 것에 목적이 있다. 연구 방법으로는 네이버와 구글의 사용 경험이 없는 피험자 8명을 대상으로 사용자 경험에 영향을 미치는 요인을 태스크를 통한 수행 평가, 씽크얼라우드, 피터 모빌의 허니콤 모형을 이용한 설문, 심층 인터뷰를 통해 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 네이버는 유용성, 사용성, 매력성, 검색성이 높으며 구글은 접근성과 유연성이 우수하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 인터페이스 메뉴 카테고리의 재분류와 이동으로 사용성을 높이고 기능을 쉽게 찾기 위한 개선안이 필요하다는 시사점을 도출했다. 본 연구는 기존에 연구되지 않았던 온라인 설문조사 사용자 경험으로 사용성 개선의 방향을 예측하고 사용자 측면에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 추후 온라인 설문조사의 사용성이 개선되고, 다양한 관련 연구가 진행될 것을 기대한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.1153-1163
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• 2003

본 연구는 부산지역 130병상 이하의 의료기관중 위탁급식을 하는 1개 병원과 직영급식을 하는 3개 병원의 일반식 환자를 279명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 중소병원의 급식 서비스에 대한 품질만족도를 조사하여 중소병원급식을 개선시키는데 기초자료를 제공하고자 조사하였다. 환자들의 급식에 대한 총 평균 점수에서 기대도는 4.12점, 인식도는 3.15점, 품질만족도는 -0.96점으로 나타났다. 음식특성의 평균 품질만족도는 -0.99점이었고, 품질만족도는 음식의 영양, 음식의 간, 음식의 위생의 순으로 만족도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 서비스특성의 품질만족도는 -0.68점이며 품질만족도는 불평에 대한 처리, 식기의 청결함의 순으로 낮은 만족도를 보였다. 영양특성의 품질만족도는 -1.37점으로 영양특성에 대한 품질만족도가 가장 낮았는데 영양정보의 제공은 -1.15점, 선택식단은 -1.11점으로 나타났다. 격자도 분석에서, 기대도는 높으나 인식도가 낮은 영역 (A영역)에는 불평에 대한 처리, 음식의 영양이 속하였고, 기대도와 인식도가 모두 높은 영역(B영역)에는 배식원 복장의 청결함, 식기의 청결함, 배식원의 친절함, 식사시간의 정확함, 음식의 신선함, 음식의 위생이 속하였다. 기대도와 인식도가 모두 낮은 영역 (C영역)에는 음식의 맛, 간, 온도, 반찬의 다양함, 선택식단, 영양정보의 제공이 속하였고 기대도는 낮으나 인식도는 높은 영역(D영역)에는 음식의 1인분 양, 외양이 속하였다. 성별, 연령, 교육정도에 따른 차이에서, 기대도는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았지만 여자가 남자보다 음식과 서비스특성에 대한 인식도가 유의적(p＜0.01)으로 높았고, 50대 이상이 다른 연령층 보다 품질 만족도가 높았으나 영양특성에서만 유의적인(p<0.05) 차이를 보였다. 식욕 및 환자의 아픈 정도에 따른 차이에서, 기대도는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나 품질만족도에서 식욕이 나쁜 환자가 음식, 서비스, 영양특성 모두에서 유의적(p<0.01)으로 낮은 점수를 나타냈고 고통이 심한 환자에서는 품질 만족도 에서 음식특성 (p<0.05)과 서비스특성(p<0.01)에서만 유의적으로 낮은 점수가 나타났다. 병실등급에 따른 차이에서, 1인실과 다인실 환자가 품질만족에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮은 점수를 보였다. 음식특성과 영양특성에서는 병실등급에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나 서비스특성에서는 1인실과 다인실이 2인실, 4인실보다 유의적 (p<0.05)으로 낮은 점수를 나타냈고 31일 이상 입원한 환자들의 음식특성에 대한 인식도 및 품질만족도에서 유의적(P<0.05)으로 낮은 점수를 보였다. 직영급식이 위탁급식보다 음식특성, 서비스특성, 영양특성의 품질만족도에서 모두 유의적(P<0.01)으로 높은 점수를 나타냈다. 병원급식에서 가장 시급하게 개선되그를 요구하는 사항은 반찬의 맛, 밥의 맛, 식단이 다양성, 음식의 위생상태로 나타났다. 이상을 살펴 볼 때, 중소병원의 경우, 음식특성에 대한 평가가 가장 낮으므로 음식의 품질을 향상시키기 위해서는 현재 제공되고 있는 음식의 조리방법에 대한 재검토가 필요하다. 또한 작은 병원의 특징을 살려 영양사는 환자에게 영양정보으 제공 및 식사에 대한 불평 처리 등에 대한 세심한 배려를 할 수 있는 체계적인 방법에 대한 구상이 필요하겠다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.531-544
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• 2009

This study was conducted to survey multiple factors of aversion to vegetables and preferences for vegetable-related recipes in school meal services among elementary school children in order to help develop various menus and recipes for school meal services. Questionnaire survey was carried out with the study subjects, who were 401 children in 6th grade attending elementary schools in Chonnam and Kwangju metropolitan regions. Results from the survey can be summarized as follows: 65.1% of respondents answered they try to eat vegetables and other namul side dishes served in school meal service for health. As for the frequency of taking vegetables and namul side dishes out of daily meals, 47.4% of respondents chose 'once or twice'. The reasons for aversion to vegetables in boys were taste and cooking method, while girls were taste and feeling between teeth. In boys there were no differences between regions of Kwangju and Chonnam but the tendency of aversion to vegetables was significantly high in girls. As for the aspects of vegetable aversion of subjects, 46.9% of respondents took up 'black & purple' in the unfavorable color of vegetables. 49.1% in 'bitterness' and 39.2% in 'greasiness' were in terms of the aversive taste of vegetables. The aversive vegetable recipes were 58.6% in 'raw & seasoned' and the unfavorable feeling of vegetables were 53.1% in 'squashiness'. There were differences between regions of Kwangju and Chonnam with boys in color and cooking method in girls. Results from the survey on their preferences for vegetable recipes showed that leafy vegetables like crown daisy (raw/slightly seasoned) and pak choi (broth/pot stew) fell to the most aversive category, while bean sprouts (broth/pot stew) were chosen as the most favorable one. Among root vegetables bell-flowers were found to belong to the least preferred recipe, while potatoes were proven to be most preferable in terms of recipes. As for fruit vegetables and other vegetables, all respondents didn't like 'fatsia shoots' vegetable and it's cooking method and they preferred 'green pumpkins (broth/pot stew)'. In respect of mushrooms, enoki mushroom (broth/pot stew) was found most preferred and had high tendency of preferences in boys and girls in Kwangju compared with Chonnam region. The study results indicated that respondents did not show big differences in factors influencing them to be averse to vegetables and their preferences for vegetable recipes depending on regions. In order to have high preference and intake in children's diets, it needs to study in reform of menu about using namul or vegetables mixed with meats and fruits that children preferred or applying roasted and fried other less than namul.