• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.169-169
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• 2017

Medium composition plays a key role on influencing organogenesis in plant tissue culture. This study was carried out to examine the effects of medium composition on organogenesis in diploid and tetraploid Codonopsis lanceolata and obtain in-vitro mass propagation of superior species of C. lanceolata. Diploid C. lanceolata was found to be declined regarding MS medium composition for each concentration. However, shoot and adventitious root formation were suppressed with higher mineral salt concentration, and active growth of shoot and adventitious root was exhibited as 4.9 cm and 3.2 cm respectively in 1/2 MS medium. While in tetraploid C. lanceolata, it showed 2.9 cm and 3.2 cm respectively in 1/4 MS medium. In the case of sucrose concentration, no consistent decrease was observed for growth of shoot and the adventitious root of diploid both at high and low concentration. The growth of shoot (at 3% concentration) and adventitious root (at 7% concentration) was 2.3 cm and 2.0 cm respectively. Although there was no difference in shoot formation of tetraploid C. lanceolata in all concentrations with the range of 1.7~1.8, there was a slight decrease in shoot growth at high concentration. Results revealed that the adventitious root formation was suppressed at high concentration. The concentration of agar exhibited no significant difference in shoot formation of diploid C. lanceolata at all concentrations. The maximum result of adventitious growth (4.1 cm) was observed at 0.8% concentration. Slight inhibition of shoot formation and root formation of tetraploid C. lanceolata was observed at higher concentration. Shoot formation of diploid C. lanceolata also exhibited inhibition at higher concentration. Shoot formation of diploid C. lanceolata was increased at lower pH and shoot growth was the highest (2.3 cm) at pH 3.8. Adventitious root formation was higher at lower pH. However, both the adventitious root formation and growth exhibited comparatively higher result at pH 5.8. Taken together, the levels of pH had an effect on shoot and root formation in diploid and tetraploid of C. lanceolata

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2019

In vitro organogenesis system of the valuable ornamental species, Prunus yedoensis which is native to Korea, was established through callus culture derived from root tissues. Callus were induced on the medium supplemented with 2,4-D and BA or NAA and kinetin. Organogenesis was differ from the callus type, and NAA and kinetin combination was effective to induce organogenic callus. Growth of callus was influenced by sucrose concentrations. High level of sucrose (over 5%) had adverse effects such as decreased fresh weight and increased mortality of callus. Shoots developed from the callus when $GA_3$ was treated with BA in the medium. Results showed that $GA_3$ is essential for shoot development and elongation from callus in this species.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.259-274
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• 2017

Platycodon grandiflorum (Bell flower) is an important plant that has traditionally been used as herbal medicine for the treatment of cough, phlegm, sore throats, lung abscesses, chest pains, dysuria, and dysentery. The present study was initiated to investigate the feasibility of inducing shoot and root organogenesis in cultured explants of P. grandiflorum in a range of culture media and through use of various plant growth regulators (PGRs). The plantlets (Stem containing one node) were isolated and cultured on different concentrations of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with PGRs. We found that proliferation and elongation of shoots and roots could be achieved on 1/4 MS for P. grandiflorum with wild and green petals and on 1/8 MS for P. grandiflorum with double petals. The highest levels of development and elongation of adventitious shoots and roots were observed when petal explants were cultured on 1/4 MS (pH 3.8) supplemented with 5% sucrose. Increasing the agar concentration reduced shoot growth and rooting potential; nevertheless, the highest number of shoots and roots was observed on 0.6% agar. In the case of growth regulators, 1/4 MS supplemented with $1mg\;L^{-1}$ 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) was found to be best for shooting, although higher concentrations of BA tended to reduce shoot and root elongation. The highest number of shoots was achieved on $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ thidiazuron (TDZ) from double petal explants grown on 1/8 MS. However, root and shoot elongation were found to decrease when TDZ concentrations were increased. Low concentrations of kinetin, naphthalene acetic acid, indole acetic acid, and 3-indole butyric acid induced shoot and root proliferation and elongation. Taken together, our study showed that low concentrations of PGRs induced the greatest root formation and elongation, showing that the optimal concentration of PGRs for shoot proliferation was species-dependent.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2001

To select the section with shoot formation ability, the calli and shoot formation from three sections (first leaf including cotyledonary node, hypocotyl and cotyledon explants) of 5-days-seedlings of soybean were induced on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BAP, 3% sucrose, and 0.3% gelrite for one month. The first leaf section exhibited the highest shoot formation rate (51%), followed the hypocotyl section (10%) and the cotyledon section (0%). The shoot formation rates and shoot number of the four excised sections (whole first leaf, a half of the first leaf, a third of the first leaf and only node) of the first leaf were also investigated on the same medium. A half of the first leaf explant and the third of the first leaf explant had higher shoot formation rates (76-80%) and numbers (3-4 / explants) than those in other two explants. Effects of six cytokinins (kinetin, zeatin, BAP, 2iP, PBA, and TDZ) on shoot formation were determined, using the half of the first leaf explants. Zeatin (1.0 mg/L) exhibited the highest in shoot formation rate (94%) and numbers (8 / explant). In addition, the combined effects of three cytokinins (zeatin, BAP, and TDZ; 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/L, respectively) and an auxin (IAA; 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/L) were determined. The combination (1:1, v/v) of zeatin (1.0 mg/L) and IAA (1.0 mg/L) exhibited the highest in shoot formation rate (96%) and numbers (16 / explant), twice more than zeatin (1.0 mg/L) alone. The shoot cuttings were transferred and cultivated on the rooting media supplemented with only auxin, IBA at various concentrations. The highest root formation (8 / shoot) was achieved on the medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L. After 4 weeks of cultivation, the plantlets with an extensive root system were transplanted in pots with a soil mixture of vermiculite and fine sand. Transferred to field, about 75% of the plantlets survived.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.341-345
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• 2009

This study describes culture conditions for a plant regeneration system via a combined pathway of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in root explant cultures of the commercial rose cultivar 'Charming'. Root explants formed white calluses at a frequency of 30% after 6 weeks of culture on Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium supplemented with $11mg\;1^{-1}$ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. After 6 weeks of transfer to SH medium without growth regulators, initial white calluses gave rise to globular somatic embryos at a frequency of 2.8%, which were subsequently dedifferentiated to embryonic tissues. Somatic embryos or embryonic tissues initially derived from root explants did not undergo development beyond cotyledonary stage. To produce adventitious shoots, embryonic tissues were sliced and cultured on SH medium with $0.5mg\;1^{-1}$ 6-benzyladenine. After 4 weeks of culture, 28% of embryonic tissue explants formed adventitious shoots. Regenerated shoots were rooted on half strength SH medium with $0.1mg\;1^{-1}$ ${\alpha}-naphthalaneacetic$ acid and subsequently grown to maturity. Root-derived embryonic tissues were proliferated by subculture, while retaining the capacity for shoot production for a few years.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2011

In this study, we established a novel somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration system through cell suspension culture of white dandelion (Taraxacum coreanum NAKAI.). Embryogenic calli could be initiated from leaf and root explants of sterile seedlings on solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) after 3-week cultures. To proliferate embryogenic calli rapidly, cell suspension culture was performed with transferred to liquid MS medium with various combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) including 2,4-D, ${\alpha}$-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), $N^6$-benzylamino purine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ), and kinetin. During suspension cultures, embryogenic calli not only greatly proliferated, but shoot organogenesis also simultaneously occurred from the surface of somatic embryos. Among them, TDZ at lower concentration, 0.1 mg/L produced the highest efficiency of somatic embryo formation and shoot organogenesis. Rooting of embryogenic calli with adventitious shoots was done on solid MS medium containing 0.1 mg/L NAA and 0.3% activated carbon. Nearly 80% of embryogenic calli with shoot organogenesis could be rooted normal. Well-rooted plantlets were transferred into pots under a greenhouse condition, and plants derived from this system appeared phenotypically normal.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2004

A successful, efficient system for multiple shoot induction and plant regeneration of soybean (Glycine max) was established. Four soybean genotypes were compared for organogenic responses on various media cultured under light conditions. The adventitious shoots (98%, 2.6 shoots/cotyledon) directly from one-day-old cotyledon after germination induced by the hormone treatment and its efficiency was higher than any other conditions. The optimal medium for the induction of multiple shoots from cotyledon in Pungsannamulkong(shoot formation rate, 98%), Lx 16 (83%) and IIpumgeomjeongkong(63%) was MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP, but for Alchankong(75%), MS medium supplemented with 1mg/L zeatin and 1mg/L IAA, 3% sucrose, 4% Phytagel. Higher root induction (88%) was observed from the shoots placed on rooting medium (hormone-free MS basal). Plantlets were transferred onto the same medium supplemented with 1% activated charcoal for further development. With this treatment, regenerated plantlets were obtained within 7-8 weeks (shoot induction for 4 weeks, rooting and shoot elongation for 3-4 weeks).

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 1997

십자화과 향신료 작물인 서양고추냉이 (Armoracia rusticana (Lam.) Gaerth., May. et Scherbs)의 재분화에 미치는 제 요인을 조사하였다. 서양고추냉이의 callus로부터 식물체 재분화는 IAA 0.5 mg/L, BA 5.0 mg/L, spermine 10 mg/L이 첨가된 MS배지에서 가장 높았다. BA 2.0 mg/L과 NAA 2.0 mg/L가 첨가된 MS배지에 엽, 엽병, 뿌리의 조직을 치상한 결과 각각의 조직으로부터 체세포배가 발생하였으며, 기관발생 경로를 거쳐서 식물체가 재분화 되었으며, 빈도는 낮았지만 생장조절물질이 포함되지 않은 MS배지에서도 각 조직으로부터 식물체가 분화되었다. 수소이온 농도는 pH 4.0부터 8.0의 비교적 넓은 범위에서 multiple shoot가 형성되었으며, polyamine류의 첨가는 shoot와 뿌리의 형성을 촉진시켰다. Callus로부터 뿌리 또는 잎이 분화 중인 조직에서 특이적인 단백질이 생성되는 것이 확인되었다. 이상의 결과, 서양고추냉이는 생장점 배양, 체세포배발생, 기관발생과정을 각기 거쳐 식물체가 재생될 수 있는 식물체로 확인되었다. 서양고추냉이의 이러한 특성은 세포, 조직, 기관의 형태형성 연구 및 형질전환 연구에도 좋은 재료로 이용되리라 생각된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2007

한국의 전통적인 민간 약재로 사용되어져온 흰민들레의 잎절편체로 부터 기관형성을 통한 재분화를 시도하였다. 잎 절편체를 BA (0-4mg/L)와 2,4-D (0-1mg/L)가 혼합 첨가된 MS 기본 배지에 치상하여 배양한 결과, 배양 3주후부터 신초가 발생되었다. 신초 분화율은 2mg/L BA 첨가된 조건에서 가장 높았으며, 배양 4주째 4mg/L BA 첨가된 조건에서는 캘러스가 유기되었다. 잎령에 따른 부정아 형성율, 발생빈도, 건량, 생중량을 조사한 결과, 발아 후 7주된 잎 절편체에서 평균 11.5개의 신초를 형성하였다. 유도된 신초는 0.5mg/L NAA가 첨가된 배지에서 발근되었으며, 화분에 옮겨 완전한 식물체로 재분화 되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2017

A rapid and efficient in vitro regeneration system was established for Hibiscus syriacus L. The successful regeneration protocol employs induction of shoot organogenesis on leaf, petiole, and root explants. Among the various plant growth regulators evaluated, thidiazuron (TDZ) was the most effective for inducing rapid shoot formation. Most efficient shoot regeneration frequency was obtained from Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 0.01 mg/L TDZ. Regeneration efficiency was highest in the roots, and lowest in the leaves. A combination of 0.01 mg/L TDZ with benzyladenine (BAP) markedly improved the frequency of shoot differentiation from the root (up to 98%) and petiole (up to 88%) explants. Furthermore, leaf and petiole explants showed the highest frequency of shoot induction in half-strength MS media containing 0.01 mg/L TDZ and 1.0 mg/L BAP, while root explants formed the greatest number of shoots when 0.01 mg/L TDZ and 0.1 mg/L BAP were added to half-strength MS media. Although the frequency of shoot differentiation from leaf explants was only 50%, the leaf is considered the most efficient plant organ for use in tissue culture because leaves are easier to obtain than roots and petioles. Our findings show that various organs of H. syriacus can be used for plant regeneration, and the protocol developed in this study may be applicable in the horticulture industry.