• Title/Summary/Keyword: shape of the earth

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Study on the Shapes of Jung-kwa, Gi-kwa, Sin-kwa, Hyul-kwa (정기신혈과(精氣神血科)의 형상(形象)에 대한 연구)

  • Choi Byung-Tae;Choi Yung-Hyun;Baek Geun-Gi;Lee Yong-Tae
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.1181-1190
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    • 2005
  • After study about the shapes of Jung, Gi, Sin, Hyul-kwa advocated by Master Jisan, the conclusions are drawn as follows. It pursues the rules of universe being changed from formless to concrete objects that the Body Essence, Vital energy, Mentality, and Blood are materialized to Jung, GE, Sin, Hyul-kwa. It can be drawn an inference from the next three theories that Jisan considered Jung, Gi, Sin, Hyul-kwa as round, square, reverse triangle, and triangle or oval shape. First, it was taken to following the shapes of viscera. Namely Jung-kwa was taken as Kidney, Gi-kwa as Lung, Sin-kwa as Heart, Hyul-kwa as Liver. Second, it was adopted from five kinds of constitutions according to the five elements in [Yeongchu Yin and Yang twenty five shapes] that is Jung-kwa is purchased with Water-earth phases, Gi-kwa with metal phase Sin-kwa with fire phase, Hyul-kwa with Wood phase, Third, it is taken in order to eliminate contradictions. Hyul-kwa disliking to move is assumed to round shape to easily move. Gi-kwa tending to disperse is chosen to square in order to be unmoved. Sin-kwa declining to stagnate of seven emotions is pursued to reverse triangle to compose oneself. Hyul-kwa inclining to gather is preferred to acreage phase to harmonize ascending tendency. Among shapes which Jisan was divided Hado, Nakseo, Bokhee pal kwoe, Moonwang pal kwoe, Jung-kwa as round is Hado, Gi-kwa as square is Nakseo, Sin-kwa as reverse triangle is Bokhee pal kwoe order shape, Hyul-kwa as acreage phase or oval shape is accord with Moonwang pal kwoe order shape. The reason being classified into Jung, GE, Sin, Hyul-kwa from the shapes of the face is that the face is the place to reflect the whole conditions of the body connected with all of the viscera and meridian system such as semen of plants. Above contents are drawn an inference from the transcription of Jisan's lectures and his writings. And it is considered that insufficient parts of the Jisan's theory must be demonstrated continuously.

Imaging sub-salt structures (암염돔 하부 구조에 대한 구조보정 연구)

  • Shin, Chang-Soo;Ko, Seung-Won;Seo, Young-Tak;Pyun, Suk-Joon;Kim, Sung-Hoon;Ha, Wan-Soo
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2007.06a
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    • pp.113-117
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    • 2007
  • Sub-salt imaging is an unsolved hot issue in subsurface imaging area. We tested several important properties in imaging sub-salt structures to provide a clue to this problem. Reverse time migration using velocity models obtained by waveform inversion produced better results than that of stacking velocity analysis. Sub-salt imaging results were highly dependent on the size and shape of a salt structure. The results were not clear when the velocity of a salt structure is significantly higher than that of adjacent layers.

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An Experimental Study on Reinforcing Effects for Soil Structures Reinforced by Nail with an Anchor Shape (앵카형태의 지반네일로 보강된 흙구조물의 보강효과에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 김준석;이상덕;이승래
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.103-111
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    • 2001
  • 지반네일 보강방법은 이론적 뒷받침과 함께 경험적인 작업을 기초로 발전되어 왔으며, 연구 결과를 바탕으로 현장적용이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소일 네일로 보강된 토체의 안정성에 중요한 요소인 소일네일의 인발저항력을 높이기 위하여 네일의 끝 부분에 앵커와 같은 구근이 형성된 네일로 보강된 토체의 파괴거동을 이해하기 위하여 비교적 큰 규모의 실험을 실시하였다. 토체의 변위, 네일의 축변형률, 네일의 축하중, 토체내부의 토압 등에 관한 자료를 얻었으며 이러한 자료들을 분석하였다. 또한 같은 조건에서 일반적인 형태의 네일로 실험된 결과와 비교분석을 실시하였다.

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Extraction and Analysis of Ganghwa Tidal Flat Channels Using TanDEM-X DEM (TanDEM-X DEM을 이용한 강화도 갯벌 조류로 추출과 분석)

  • Yun, Ga-Ram;Kim, Lyn;Kim, Nam-Yeong;Kim, Na-Gyeong;Jang, Yun-Yeong;Choi, Yeong-Jin;Lee, Seung-Kuk
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.411-420
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    • 2022
  • Recently, research using remote sensing has been active in various fields such as environment, science, and society. The results of research using remote sensing are not only numerical results, but also play an important role in solving and preventing social and scientific problems. The purpose of this thesis is to tell the correlation between the data provided and each data by using remote sensing technology for the tidal flat environment. The purpose of this study is to obtain high-resolution data using artificial satellites during remote sensing to find out information on tidal flat currents. Tidal flats created by erosion, sedimentation, low tide, and high tide contain information about the tidal flat slope and information about the ecosystem. Therefore, it can be considered as one of the very important studies to analyze the overall tidal flow channel. This paper creates a DEM (Digital Elevation Model) through TanDEM-X, and DEM is used as the most basic data to create a tidal channel. The research area is a tidal flat located in the middle of the west coast of Ganghwado tidal flat. By analyzing the tidal channel created, various information such as the slope direction of Ganghwado tidal flat and the shape of the tidal channel can be grasped. It is expected that the results of this study will increase the importance and necessity of using DEM data for tidal flat research in the future, and that high-quality results can be obtained.

Study on Creation Background and Divinational Principle of the Hun-Min-Jeong-Eum (훈민정음의 제자배경과 역학적 원리)

  • Son You Seok;Kang Jung Soo
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.28-38
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    • 2004
  • The Hun-Min-Jeong-Eum(訓民正音) has been created under the political purpose that is to unite politics and cultures through a philosophical harmony of the confucianism as well as the Buddhism under the periodical circumstance that includes the change of a dynasty and a revolution in culture. The creating work has been greatly affected by the theoretical divination, that is the confucian ideas of North-Song dynasty which has been highly elaborated in those days. The shape of the characters of the Hun-Min-Jeong-Eum(訓民正音) has been influenced by the ancient letters existing at the time (especially Ga-Rim-To 加臨多), it has been throughly readjusted and recreated based on the philosophy. The consonant uses the Three-Pillars(三才)(ㅇ, ㅁ, △) in the style of the five elements and each velar-lingual-labial-dental-guttural sounds (牙舌脣齒喉音) is applicable to five elements also a 'ㅇ' is equivalent to the heaven, a 'ㅁ' to the earth. a '△' to the man. The vowel uses the five elements of ㅗ(water). ㅏ(wood), ㅜ(fire), ㅓ(metal), ㆍ(five-soil), ─(ten-soil) in the style of the Three-Pillars(三才) of ㆍ, ㅡ, ㅣ and the first created letters(初出字), and the secondary created letters(再出字) each can be attached to the eight trigrams(八卦). The consonant has 17 letters and the vowel has 11 letters, therefore the total number of the letters is 28. and those are equivalent to the 28 constellation(二十八宿) of the astronomy. Contrary to the underlying principle that has been applied during the time of the creation of the letters, when the consonant and the vowel are used, the consonant refers to the heaven (天), and the vowel refers to the earth(地). a consonant take a part in making a point on the starting place of the pronounce, a vowel take a part in the keeping the energy to the end.

Beach and Sanddune Development along the Coastline of the Chungcheong-Namdo Province (충청남도 해안에 발달한 해빈과 해안사구)

  • Kahng, Tay-Gyoon
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.568-577
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this paper is to examine the geomorphic processes of beach and sanddune development in the Chungcheong-Namdo Province. The sands consist mainly of quartz and feldspar with lesser amounts of mica and other heavy minerals. With the exception of those from the granite, the sands have a very fine texture. Another characteristic of the sand grains is low degrees of roundness and grading indicating that source areas for the material were in the vicinity of the accumulating field. Over the years, the beaches have receded as a response to the decreasing amount of depositional materials. The driving force for the formation and transformation of coastal dunes in the study area is dominant winds from the center of the Siberian High. To some extent, the erosion of coastal dunes has been a global phenomenon. The degradation process occurred most actively when spring tides attacked beaches, berms, and foredunes. The relief and shape of present-day coastal dunes is determined initially by the Pleistocene strata underneath. From the fact that the strata contained traces of frozen structure, it can be inferred that sediment once experienced the process of soil formation.

A Finite Element Galerkin High Order Filter for the Spherical Limited Area Model

  • Lee, Chung-Hui;Cheong, Hyeong-Bin;Kang, Hyun-Gyu
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.105-114
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    • 2017
  • Two dimensional finite element method with quadrilateral basis functions was applied to the spherical high order filter on the spherical surface limited area domain. The basis function consists of four shape functions which are defined on separate four grid boxes sharing the same gridpoint. With the basis functions, the first order derivative was expressed as an algebraic equation associated with nine point stencil. As the theory depicts, the convergence rate of the error for the spherical Laplacian operator was found to be fourth order, while it was the second order for the spherical Laplacian operator. The accuracy of the new high order filter was shown to be almost the same as those of Fourier finite element high order filter. The two-dimension finite element high order filter was incorporated in the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model as a hyper viscosity. The effect of the high order filter was compared with the built-in viscosity scheme of the WRF model. It was revealed that the high order filter performed better than the built in viscosity scheme did in providing a sharper cutoff of small scale disturbances without affecting the large scale field. Simulation of the tropical cyclone track and intensity with the high order filter showed a forecast performance comparable to the built in viscosity scheme. However, the predicted amount and spatial distribution of the rainfall for the simulation with the high order filter was closer to the observed values than the case of built in viscosity scheme.

Propagation characteristics of CMEs associated magnetic clouds and ejecta

  • Kim, Roksoon;Gopalswamy, Nat;Cho, Kyungsuk;Moon, Yongjae;Yashiro, Seiji;Park, Youngdeuk
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.132.2-132.2
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    • 2012
  • We have investigated the characteristics of magnetic cloud (MC) and ejecta (EJ) associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs) based on the assumption that all CMEs have a flux rope structure. For this, we used 54 CMEs and their interplanetary counter parts (interplanetary CMEs: ICMEs) that constitute the list of events used by the NASA/LWS Coordinated Data Analysis Workshop (CDAW) on CME flux ropes. We considered the location, angular width, and speed as well as the direction parameter, D. The direction parameter quantifies the degree of asymmetry of the CME shape, and shows how closely the CME propagation is directed to Earth. For the 54 CDAW events, we found several properties of the CMEs as follows: (1) the average value of D for the 23 MCs (0.62) is larger than that for the 31 EJs (0.49), which indicates that the MC-associated CMEs propagate more directly to the Earth than the EJ-associated CMEs; (2) comparison between the direction parameter and the source location shows that the majority of the MC-associated CMEs are ejected along the radial direction, while many of the EJ-associated CMEs are ejected non-radially; (3) the mean speed of MC-associated CMEs (946 km/s) is faster than that of EJ-associated CMEs (771 km/s). For seven very fast CMEs (>1500 km/s), all CMEs with large D (>0.4) are associated with MCs and the CMEs with small D are associated with EJs. From the statistical analysis of CME parameters, we found the superiority of the direction parameter. Based on these results, we suggest that the CME trajectory essentially decides the observed ICME structure.

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Efficient simulation method for a gas inflow to the central molecular zone

  • Shin, Jihye;Kim, Sungsoo S.;Baba, Junichi;Saitoh, Takayuki R.;Chun, Kyungwon;Hozumi, Shunsuke
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.59.1-59.1
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    • 2015
  • We present hydrodynamic simulations of gas clouds that inflowing from the disk to a few hundred parsec region of the Milky Way. Realistic Galactic structures are included in our simulations by thousands of multipole expansions that describe 6.4 million stellar particles of a self-consistent Galaxy simulation (Baba, Saitoh & Wada, in prep.). We find that a hybrid multipole expansion model with two different basis sets and a thick disk correction well reproduces the overall structures of the Milky Way. We find that the nuclear ring evolves into 240 pc at T~1500 Myr, regardless of the initial size. For most of simulation runs, gas inflow rate to the nuclear region is equilibrated as ~0.02 Msun/yr, and thus accumulated gas mass and star formation activity is stabilized as $6{\times}10^7Msun$ and ~0.02M/yr, respectively. These stabilized values are in a good agreement with estimations for the CMZ. The nuclear ring is off-centered to the Galactic center by the lopsided central mass distribution of the Galaxy model, and thus an asymmetric mass distribution is arose accordingly. The lopsidedness also leads the nuclear ring to be tilted to the Galactic plane and to precess along the Galaxy rotation. In early evolutionary stage when gas clouds start to inflow and form the nuclear ring, the z-directional oscillations of the gas clouds results in the twisted, infinity-shaped nuclear ring. Since the infinity-shaped feature is transient only for first 100 Myr, the current infinity-shape observed in the CMZ may indicate that the CMZ forms quite recently.

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The Study of Investigating the Way Applying a School Garden for the Creative Experience Activity (학교 캠퍼스를 활용한 창의적 체험활동 운영방안 연구)

  • Moon, Byoung-chan;Kim, Yong-tack;Lim, Hyoung-seon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.39-53
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the way applying a school garden for the creative experience activity on the school learning program. For this study, the 27s elementary students who were the 5th and 6th grades participated in this program. And the 10units lessons programs what were consisted with the inquiry, debating, and cooperating activities were developed, and applying to classroom and school garden. The key concepts of developing program were 'rocks which were in the school garden'. he results are follows, for the creative experience activity on the school teaching/learning program, the school garden has useful value as teaching/learning field. The teaching/learning activity applying the school garden makes an offer the awareness to students that the knowledges learned in school were actually relative with their life. Also, the students are affirmatively participate to learning, debate, and cooperate activities because the school garden is very familiar environment to them. Lastly, the students are interesting in learning classes because they think that the school garden environments will reform actually to new shape of their ideas. After this learning were finishing, most of students indicated their intention with satisfaction. Some of them suggested applying the additional program using the school garden. Consequently, the school garden has the very useful value for applying program of the teaching/learning in elementary school education.