• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.494-507
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• 1999

This study has developed the sex education contents including new natural family plan, concept and principle by receiving the opinions and advices from professionals and professors on sex education, by amending and supplementing existing teaching materials on sex, and examining the books related with sex education contents that reflect the request of teachers and students, and the lack of sex education teaching materials which have been the reason that needs of school sex education has been highly recognized but not vitalized. The developed sex education contents are 8 areas such as knowing my body right, caring my body, observing the ability of being pregnant, marriage, sexual intercourse, process of pregnancy, miscarriage, and sexual violence, 30 lower areas, and 105 detailed contents in their composition, and here are the results of analyses of the degree of request of nurse teachers and the students on them. The teachers showed highest request in the area of sexual violence(M =4.67), the next was my body care(M=4.44), knowing my body right(M =4.38), process of pregnancy(M=4.13), marriage(M=4.11) and sexual intercoursen (M=3.98), ways of judging the ability of being pregnant(M=3.88), and miscarriage(M=3.72) showed comparative higher request than normal. Not like the teachers, the students showed that they requested Marriage area as the highest need(M=3.04) and next was sexual violence(M=3.02), caring my body(M=3.00) to have been higher than normal. Process of pregnancy(M=2.99), Sexual intercourse(M=2.81), miscarriage(M = 2.77), observation of the ability of being pregnant(M=2.74), and knowing my body right(M=2.70) have been the requests lower than normal. This study showed that sexual violence, marriage, caring my body, were the items most requested by both the leacgers and students and in elementary school the development of sex education teaching materials on natural family plan suitable to the level of development of the children has been requested as it has had no inclusion of the concept of natural family plan, and the students in elementary school are concerned on indirect sexual contents related with physical health like regular exercise rather than direct sexual education contents including sexual intercourse. All these show that they are still so naive on sex. The sense of the teachers on sex has been connected with the level of achievement of sex education of the children as it has been the important cause of deciding the contents of sex education. Therefore the materials developed onesidedly by leaders without reflecting the needs or the preference of the students might be worries of bringing shameful. low quality and negative opinions on sex, and on the other hand the children might lose the concerns and interest on sex education, So the materials should be developed to have the contents of sex education coinciding with the request of the children.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.1188-1191
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• 1999

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) of White Leghorn chicken embryos as a donor were transferred to Rhode Island Red chicken embryos as a recipient. At 48-50 h (stage 13-15) of incubation of fertilized eggs, donor PGCs, which were taken out from blood vessels of donor embryos, were injected into blood vessels of recipient embryos. Sex of the treated embryos was determined after the transfer of PGCs using remaining blood samples. In the present experiments, survival rate of the treated embryos was 33.3% for homo-sexual and 35.4% for hetero-sexual transfers of PGCs, respectively, when determined at 17 days of incubation. In this study, most of the treated embryos could not survive more than 18 days of incubation, though the reason for that was not clarified in the present work. The gonalds removed from embryos that died after 18 days of incubation and the organs from newly hatched chicks were examined for morphological and histological features. The gonads removed from the embryos with homo-sexual transfer of PGCs showed normal development in appearance. On the contrary, some (35.3%) of the embryos with hetero-sexual transfer of PGCs possessed abnormal gonads similar to ovotestis by histological observation. In cases where the gonads developed to be normal organs (64.7%) the sex of embryos was the same as recipient ones. The present results suggest that hetero-sexual transfer of the PGCs may bring about the possibility of development of the embryos bearing sexually different gametes, spermatogonia or oogonia.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.349-361
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• 2016

Considering the recent increase in the number of sexual violence survivors, there is an urgent need to develop content for the training of professional workers to support victims. The purposes of this research are: (1) to investigate the status of existing training programs designed to produce workers to support sexual violence victims; (2) to conduct focus group interviews with 19 workers regarding their training needs; (3) to conduct a national-wide survey with 800 workers; and (4) to carry out a delphi study with 20 sexual violence professionals in regard to the topics and methods of training. According to the survey of practice workers, the areas of greatest need include the understanding of client characteristics, multidisciplinary approaches in training, and strengthening of basic training. The delphi study of professionals revealed the need for counseling skills, understanding the psychology of sexual violence victims, and skills to provide emotional support for victims. Based on these findings, this research suggests training content designed to provide support services customized to the types and characteristics of individual survivors.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-66
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• 2002

Sexual abuse is emerging as one of the major form of child abuse. In the late 1990s, official reports of sexual abuse began to mushroom at a much more rapid rate than reports of other forms of abuse in Korea. In addition, sexual abuse can cause the most serious emotional-cognitive-behavioral sequelae to victims. Although child & adolescent psychiatrists meet many sexual abuse victims who are referred from many types of child protective services, the psychiatrists may not be likely to give them sufficient and appropriate treatment and guideline for victims and their parents. In this article, the historical concepts, pathophysiological processes, shortterm & longterm sequelae of sexual abuse are reviewed and summarized. And I summarize the intervention and outcome studies for sexual abuse victims. In the close future, the active participation of psychiatrists who help the child and adolescents will be expected in the development of nationwide preventive and therapeutic projects for victims and families of sexual abuse.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.468-478
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the development of education programs for unmarried mothers. Method: From a group of unmarried mothers using social welfare facilities, 201 participated in this study. The study was done from October 2003 to April 2004 and self-efficacy, self-esteem, sexual knowledge, sexual attitude were measured. Results: 1. On the basis of 100 points, self-efficacy averaged 62.76, self-esteem, 60.96, sexual knowledge, 58.75 and sexual attitude, 71.52. 2. According to the general characteristics of the women, there were significant differences in self-efficacy according to age (F=4.237, p=.006), schooling (F=5.071, p=.007), job prior to pregnancy (F=4.341, p=.002), and family income (F=6.183, p=.002). There was a significant difference in self-esteem according to family income (F=4.243, p=.016). There were significant differences in sexual knowledge according to age (F=3.950, p=.009), schooling (F=14.869, p=.000), family income (F=9.304, p=.001), number of pregnancies (t=-2.532, p=.012), and experience of abortion (t=2.775, p=.006), and, in sexual attitude according to schooling (F=7.356, p=.001) and family income (F=7.647, p=.001). 3. There were significant relationships between self-efficacy and self-esteem (r=.598, p=.000), and between sexual knowledge and sexual attitude (r=.569, p=.000). Conclusion: Pregnancy prevention programs should include sexual education and interventions designed to increase self-efficacy and self-esteem.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.359-367
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is a descriptive research study to understand the relationship between sexual attitude, sexual knowledge and gender sensitivity of general college students, and to analyze the effect on gender sensitivity. Participants included 139 general college students. Data collection was conducted through self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Schffe test for multiple comparisons. The average score of the general college students sexual knowledge was 22.73 out of 38 points, and their sexual attitudes scored 2.92 out of 5points. The average score of gender sensitivity was 2.03 out of 5points. As a result of the study, gender sensitivity was positively correlated with sexual attitude (r=.201, p=.018), and the factors affecting gender sensitivity of general college students were sexual attitude (𝛽=.196, p=.021), and the explanatory power of these factors was 34.0%. Based on the results of this study, it is thought that it is necessary to development of a program that can establish a correct sexual attitude in order to increase the gender sensitivity of general college students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the current situation of Korean adolescents' sexual experience and its characteristics by school level, gender, and related factors to their sexual experience. This could be the basic evidence for the development of various sex education programs for the youth. Methods: This study used the 11th online survey data on youth health behavior (2015) and all 68,043 students who participated in the study were included for the analysis. The binominal logistic regression model was used to identify the characteristics and relevant factors of sexual intercourse experience. Analysis was performed by complex sample design using SPSS/WIN 18.0. The statistical significance was defined as p<.05 with a two-sided test. Results: The factors related to sexual experience of adolescents included grade, sadness and hopelessness, smoking, Internet addiction, and sex education in school, for middle school boys. For middle school girls, grade, residence area, sadness and hopelessness, smoking, drinking, and sex education in school were related. For high school boys, the factors were grade, living with parents, economic situation, sadness and hopelessness, smoking, drinking, and Internet addiction. For high school girls, grade, sadness and hopelessness, smoking, and drinking were found to be related factors. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that a practical program considering adolescents' level and characteristics should be developed and applied.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.223-233
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was aimed to analyze the sexual health curriculum for the nursing baccalaureate and associate's degrees in Korea. The curriculum proper based on Posner's theory presented the analysis of purpose, content, organization, and underlying assumption. Methods: This study was conducted with sexual health education guidelines, nursing practice standards, 181 curriculums, and teaching materials. Data were collected through literature, online homepage from 181 nursing school, and textbooks from July to September, 2013. Data were analyzed using percentage and mean with SPSS 12.0. Results: The purposes were mostly included in the low grade cognitive learning domain. The contents included 20 key elements among 22, so the scope was not inclusive. There was an unbalance between content's depth and scope, because total mean credit of sexual health nursing education was only 19.81 hours. The spiral structure of organization showed continuity, sequence, and integration with international standards. The interdisciplinary integration and transcultural value were advantages of the curriculum. Conclusion: This study provided a view on understanding sexual health nursing curriculum and implication for advanced education. The proclaiming of the standard and concept mapping of sexual health curriculum may contribute to the curriculum development for the advanced nursing.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.79-95
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• 2000

The objective of this study is to stress the importance of sexuality education at school, to define its goals and to discuss ways on how to reinvigorate sexuality education. The negative conditions for adolescent sexual issues are now being expanded into all areas of Korean society. In particular, they should be regarded as one of serious social issues because of their adverse influences on adolescent groups. Various reports on juvenile sexual delinquencies have expressed serious concern over reckless and impulsive juvenile sexual deviations because they are closely related to the confusion of the youth in their sexual values and their common sexual deviations. Thus, for the youth who have attracted serious public concern, it is most important to have sound sexual awareness and attitude for the development of their healthy personality. In general, sexuality education should be conducted under individual responsibility of various levels of schools, families and communities. However, the role of schools where sexuality education should be conducted with concrete goals, that is, to interpret physical and psychological developments of youth in terms of education and teach them on the systematic goals of sexuality education, this role of schools is the most important than anything else in conducting sexuality education for youth.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 1998

A dolescence can be defined as the period between pubescence and physical maturity, and the passage through adolescence(age of 12-19) forms a critical period. Major developmental tasks of adolescence are construction of an emancipated identity, realistic ambitions, and reasonable ideals, and the further development of sexual and social identities. In early adolescence one struggles to adjust psychologically to the spurt in growth and tensions filled with sexual and aggressive impulses. There are reshuffling of peer groups due to differing rates of maturation, early adolescence crushes, sublimation of sexuality, and the resurgence of oedipal feelings. One reaches so-called period of formal operations in cognitive development. In mid-adolescence one struggles to overcome family attachments and controls, and it is a time marked by revolt and conformity. One has to overcome sexual repression while caught in reactivation of oedipal attachment. Peer groups gains in importance, and the peer group changes into a youth group that carries the youth culture. Late adolescence is a period of achieving an ego identity and capacities for intimacy. One has to prevent premature closure : Identity foreclosure limits both opportunity and the ability to guide one's own life. Gradually adolescent begins to have a loss self-centered and narcissistic orientation to one's sexual and affectional needs, and becomes involved in love relationship.