• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.485-495
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• 2017

A development of underground space is very useful solution to slove problem occurred from ground surface enlargement in urban areas due to the growth of population, tunnelling is the most popular way and widely used. Researches regarding tunneling-induced pile-soil interactive behaviour have been conducted by many researchers. A study on pile axial force distribution due to tunnelling through laboratory model test, however, is being rarely carried out. In this study, therefore, authors investigate ground behaviour due to tunnelling below grouped pile subjected vertical load as well as pile axial force distribution. A concept of volume loss is used to express tunnel excavation, which is normally applied to 1~2% for tunnelling in soft ground. In this study, however, 10% of that applied to investigate failure mechanism. As a result of laboratory model test, a decrease of pile axial force occurs at 1.5% of volume loss, settlement of grouped pile is 1.2~4.7 times greater than the adjacent ground surface one. Ground deformations at 1.5% of volume loss are measured using Close Range Photogrammetry and compared with results from numerical analysis.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.491-502
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• 2008

A certain range of the original ground around the tunnel should be preserved to ensure structural safety of the tunnel when other structures are made around the tunnel, and thus this range is defined as safety zone of the tunnel. The main points to ensure the stability of an existing tunnel when constructing a new tunnel in an inter-crossing area are distance between two tunnels, size of the new tunnel, excavation method for the new tunnel, ground condition around the tunnel, and lining type of the existing tunnel etc. When the new tunnel is excavated above the existing tunnel, the existing tunnel is likely to suffer deformation at a crown zone, damage of arching effect, and live load of the new tunnel etc. On the other hand, when the new tunnel is excavated below the existing tunnel, the existing tunnel is likely to be damaged due to settlement. This study has been made on the behavior of the existing tunnel by means of model test and numerical analysis when the new tunnel is excavated below the existing tunnel. Safety zone of the tunnel was estimated by the results of strength/stress ratio obtained from numerical analysis, and the movement of ground was estimated by the model test. The results of earth pressure, ground displacements, and convergence of the tunnel obtained from model test were compared with those of numerical analysis, and show a similar trend.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.158-166
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• 2018

Contrary to urban development, urban regeneration is a process of land development through conservation, restoration, and management. In particular, ecologically based urban regeneration is an attempt to improve the quality of life in an area, establish a stable settlement space, and revitalize the local economy by considering the ecological environment. In this regard, the objectives of this study were to establish theoretical concepts and analyze the successful foreign cases of ecologically based urban regeneration, and propose a direction of socio-economic regeneration along with the physical-environmental regeneration of urban areas in Korea. The study results suggest the following. First, strategies must be developed to coordinate public transportation, such as buses and subways, by considering the importance of bicycle riders, along with the sustainable-commuting system. Second, both the importance of planning parks and trails around water systems in various scales while maintaining the existing natural environment as well as using natural elements, such as electric vehicles and wind-power generation systems, were emphasized. Third, urban regeneration for increased energy efficiency requires specific architectural planning and facilities. Fourth, education and research for easy access by the public, as well as public-private partnership, will be needed in the regeneration process.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.39-48
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• 2016

An information management system for a solid waste landfill site was developed, in this study, to optimize the operation and management of solid waste landfill in real time in addition to provide the information of landfill status to the landfill operator, public official concerned and local residents. The landfill information management system is composed of two systems (Solid waste landfill history management system and landfill operation and performance management system). The solid waste landfill history management system based on automated RFID/LPR system allows landfill operators to provide information of waste collection vehicles and received waste. In addition, the system aids in the identification of 3-dimensional (3D) position for landfilled solid wastes. Using the landfill operation and performance management system based on 3D laser scanner delivers information about landfill volume, settlement, landfill density, and current landfill capacity to landfill operators in real time, resulting in optimum space utilization. Ultimately, this system would dramatically reduce exposure of landfill operators to hazardous materials and improve the productivity of landfill operations.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.11-16
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• 2020

Korea's agricultural reservoir is one of the country's major infrastructures and plays an important role in people's lives. However, aging reservoirs are a risk for life and property. Currently, large and small dams and reservoirs have been constructed nationwide for more than 40 years of aging. Dams and reservoirs built nationwide are managed by various institutions. Therefore, it is difficult to manage all dams and reservoirs due to cost and time. Managers in the field with less management personnel and lack of expertise should be able to quickly identify risk factors for multiple reservoirs. In this study, risk factors such as seepage, leakage, settlement slide, crack and erosion were selected. To assess the risk of the items, we used the analytical hierarchical process (AHP), one of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. The analysis showed that seepage has the greatest impact on reservoir collapse. It is judged that the priority of detailed diagnosis can be determined by evaluating the risk of dam reservoir collapse in a convenient way in advance using the calculated weight.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.387-395
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• 2006

Nowadays, various digital maps on a reduced scale were drawn in Korea including the topographic series of a nation. Though these digital maps are drawn and revised by using aerial photograph or satellite image, there are some problems that it is difficult to revise or renew the topography and natural feature immediately which changes frequently. As the countermeasures of these problems we use GPS accumbency method, which provides user with convenience and accumbency accuracy which is required to revise and renew digital maps. But acquiring correct position by using GPS only may cause not a few errors because of environmental effect of satellite signal errors that GPS obtains. Although accumulated errors which is the major problem of existing method was diminished owing to the position signal received from satellite which is about 20,183km above, the area that can not receives the signal is occur such as woods and high-rise buildings space. And because of the GDOP (Geometry Dilution of Precision) of GPS satellite and the periodically changing orbit of the satellite, the position calculating problems occur. For settlement of these problems and accurate position determination, DGPS (Differential GPS) is indispensably needed. So, in this study, by adapting Radio Beacon Receiver for marine position determination which is the most convenience method of DGPS methods, we elevated accuracy of modification and renewal of digital map and, having wide application in various measurements, proposed the rapid measurement method about widespread area. In this study, wewant to propose the work scheme of rapid modification and renewal of digital map by using Beacon GPS which is comparatively cheap of all the DGPS methods and which makes it possible to measure independently.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.87-102
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• 2005

In the congested urban areas, tunnelling close to existing structures or services often occurs due to the lack of surface space so that tunnelling-induced ground movements may cause a serious damage to the adjacent structures. This study focused on the two dimensional laboratory model pile-soil-tunnelling interaction tests using a close range photogrammetric technique. Testing equipments and procedures were Introduced, particularly features of aluminium rods regarded as the frictional granular material. The experimental result showed that the photo imaging process by the VMS and EngVis programs proved to be a useful tool in measuring the pile tip movements during the tunnelling. Consequently, the normalised pile tip movement data for the influence zones can be generated by the laboratory model tests using the Photogrammetric technique. This study presents influence zones associated with the normalized pile tip settlements due to tunnelling in the cohesionless material. The influence zones were Identified by both a laboratory model test and a numerical analysis. The normalized pile tip movements from the model test were in good agreement with the numerical analysis result. The influence zones proposed in this study could be used to decide the reasonable location of tunnel construction in the planning stage. However, the scale of model pile and model tunnel sizes must be carefully adjusted as real ones for practical application considering the ground conditions at a given site.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.47-58
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• 2016

In modern era Busan, newspaper articles about cherry blossom attractions from FuzanNippo and ChosenJiho have changed from places of landmark cherry trees to recreational activities under the cherry blossom. This means that the place characteristics of the cherry blossom attractions helped transform modern Busan. This study is to clarify the real image of the cherry blossom attractions where they were and when it was established in modern Busan. In order to discuss the location characteristics and the timing of identification as it changed from cherry-blossom viewing spots to picnic spots under the cherry blossom, current articles published in the FuzanNippo and ChosenJiho were collected. This study results are as follows: First of all, cherry blossom attractions are located in private gardens, gardens at hot spring inns, public lands such as schools, temples, reservoirs and malls such as Dongnae hot spring and the Midoricho red-light district. The location feature was that they were found at the edges of settlement environments, at the interface of city and natural spaces in modern Busan. Secondly, newspaper articles about cherry blossom attractions gradually changed from cherry blossom viewing spots to picnic spots under the cherry blossom, which became the peak of the cherry blossom attractions in modern Busan. The main focus of cherry blossom attractions changed from cherry-blossom viewing to picnicking under cherry blossoms around 1920. This means that the establishment of cherry blossom attractions can be seen around 1920. Articles of cherry-blossom viewing picked up sites not easy to access such as private gardens and reservoirs, articles about picnic spots under cherry blossoms noted public places that everyone could access. Cherry blossom attractions sites became spring resorts in modern Busan.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.326-346
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• 2002

This study examined how the tradition and culture based on the historical experience of the region are regenerated on the making regional identity and symbolic representation in Kurim-ri, Youngam. Kurim has represented the most typical community of the aristocratic class through Daedong-gae of 400 years. But, since 1970's Kurim has undergone a rapid change in regional identity in Kurim ; from the beginning of the spot of Wangin festival to the village of earthenware, the village of pottery culture heritage most recently. The process of history-making around Wangin in Kurim was connected with the strategy of the pottery culture village-making centering around the Youngam Pottery Culture Center. These projects ultimately were resulted in expression the regional identity, 'Kurim of Wang-in'. The regional tradition of Daedong-gae and Wangin in Kurim was linked together solidly through the Wangin festival procedures. And the excavation of a kiln site in Kurim which was going on with the process of history-making at the same time around Wangin in Kurim provided the cultural episode on related 'earthenware' with an archeological foundation. As a consequence of these, the cultural space, the Young-am Pottery Culture Center has came to establish in Kurim finally. However, recently the Kurim of Wangin and Daedong-gae which was representative of regional identity in Kurim is bringing Dosun who was distorted and estranged during the history-making focused on Wangin in Kurim. Now, there are some cultural issues in Kurim ; an authentical settlement of the Youngam Pottery Culture Center in Kurim and how Wangin and Dosun is linked together into the cultural strategy of 'the traditional village, Kurim'.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.267-274
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• 2018

For successful BIM settlement, it is a key technic for engineer to design structures in the 3-dimensional digital space and to work out related design documents directly. Lately many BIM tool has been released and each supports their 3-dimensional object libraries. But it is not easy to apply those libraries to design transportation infra structures that were placed along the route(3-dimensional line). Moreover, in case of design changes, it is so difficult to reflect those changes with the integrated model that was assembled by them. Because of they were developed without consideration for redundancy of parameters between objects that were placed nearby or were related each other. In this paper, a method to develop module for modeling and placing 3-dimensional object for transportation infra structures is presented. The modules are employed by a parametric method and can deal with design changes. Also, for a railroad bridge, through developing user interface of the integrated 3-dimensional model that was assembled by those modules the applicability of them was reviewed.