• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.231-239
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this research is to provide more reliable water unit factors of domestic airports by investigating of general informations related to the domestic airport. The informations of domestic airports such as passengers, settled population of airports, building areas and water amount are investigated to estimate the unit factor of water of domestic airports. The domestic airports are divided into three type such as central airport, position airport and general airport. Through analysis of relationship between water amount and the others, the unit factor of water could be calculated. The water amount of central airport as Incheon international airport and position airports could be estimated by unit factor of settled population. The others could be estimated by unit factor of building area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2018

Macroscopic accident analyses have been conducted to incorporate transportation safety into long-term transportation planning. In macro-level accident prediction model, exposure variable(e.g. a settled population) have been used as fundamental explanatory variable under the concept that each trip will be subjected to a probable risk of accident. However, a settled population may be embedded error by exclusion of active population concept. The objective of this research study is to develop macro-level accident prediction model using floating population variable(concept of including a settled population and active population) collected from mobile phone data. The concept of accident prediction models is introduced utilizing exposure variable as explanatory variable in a generalized linear regression with assumption of a negative binomial error structure. The goodness of fit of model using floating population variable is compared with that of the each models using population and the number of household variables. Also, log transformation models are additionally developed to improve the goodness of fit. The results show that the log transformation model using floating population variable is useful for capturing the relationships between accident and exposure variable and generally perform better than the models using other existing exposure variables. The developed model using floating population variable can be used to guide transportation safety policy decision makers to allocate resources more efficiently for the regions(or zones) with higher risk and improve urban transportation safety in transportation planning step.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.71-81
• /
• 2015

Objectives: Photochemical ozone pollution is associated with increased mortality risk. This study aims to assess the population exposure to ozone according to population characteristics for high ozone days in the Busan metropolitan region (BMR). Methods: The ozone exposure assessment in this study was performed using the WRF-CMAQ simulated ozone concentrations and the population data in the BMR. The settled and daytime population and their activity were considered to conduct the static and dynamic ozone exposure assessment. Results: Applying a static exposure assessment, in case that high ozone occurred throughout Busan area, the highest exposure levels were evaluated in urban neighborhoods. In case of ozone pollution in outer Busan, because sensitive groups have been relatively higher exposure, this case was also evaluated as part of that should not be overlooked. The dynamic exposure was higher than static exposure because the number of population exposed to ozone of high concentration is increased. This approach is important in a regard consider that daytime population distribution when high ozone occur. Conclusion: This study shows the different population exposure according to various ozone distributions for each episode day. Considering demographic characteristic such as population density and activity should be important to understanding the population exposure assessment when ozone pollution occurs.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.140-143
• /
• 2017

A winged midge species, Parochlus steinenii is one of the most abundant species in Antarctica, which is distributed over a wide area from the South American continent to the South Shetland Islands in Antarctica. It was dispersed into islands in the South Shetland Islands from the South American continent, and it adapted to a variety of environments and settled. This species, therefore, is a good model organism to explain the evolutionary process of Antarctic terrestrial fauna. Nevertheless, there are few genetic studies on this species, which are necessary for understanding the genetic diversity, population structure, etc. Here, we developed and characterized 14 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 5. The observed and expected heterozygosities were in the range of 0.024 to 0.561 and 0.024 to 0.535, respectively. Identifying genetic differences between populations, they are suitable markers for researches investigating genetic diversity and population structure of P. steinenii, which provide us with clues to dispersion, evolution and ecology of this species.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.236-241
• /
• 1984

In order to make clear the relationship between sample design and sample survey in community, it was conducted research on sample design for National Nutrition Survey in 1983. In this paper it was tried to analize the data based on The Report of a Settled Population, 1981 conducted by National Bureau of Statistics Economic Planning Board. The sample was basically using stratified two-stage sampling with systematic sampling of Ban or Li as administrative unit. The population represents the whole nation excluding Jeju-do because of budget. The selection of sampling unit and sampling procedure was as follows. 1) Stratify the nation-wide area in 20 sections according to administrative districts. 2) Determine the sample size in each section according to equal proportional rate (1 / 8040) and to about 1,000 households in the sample. 3) Select the 25 sampling units by section according to households proportion. 4) Select the 10 households at random from each Ban or Li according to equal probability proportion as the final sampling unit. Using the procedure, it was sampled 1,000 households for National Nutrition Survey in 1983.

• Architectural research
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2009

Recently, intensive urban redevelopment concentrated on new towns has reduced the number of settled population, and weakened various functions such as commercial, culture, education and welfare in old towns, and made the stagnation and declination of the entire or some parts of old towns. Urban regeneration project means renewing cities' functions in terms of physical, environmental, social, cultural, industrial and economic aspects or revitalizing the existing functions through improvement project in the entire or part of a city, which is now drawing keen attention from the public. However, urban regeneration project is huge in scale, needs long construction period and various complex facilities, and also characterized by complicated relations with many stakeholders. Due to such characteristics, there are many risks in the project. Therefore, systematic risk management is absolutely necessary to efficiently manage various risk factors inherent in urban regeneration project. The purpose of this research proposes a basic model to establish risk management plan and work process in order to help project participants to perform risk management more systematically and rationally in the development phase of urban regeneration project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.353-358
• /
• 2008

The ocean has settled down in human mind as a territory and a leisure space from which anyone enjoys and takes a benefit under the national sovereignty, as the new era of Sea comes. In addition, because the population engaged in marine activities has rapidly increased, the number of marine accidents consequently has grown up as well. In this reason, currently it has been highlighted to devise safety measures to prevent large scale accidents or disasters on the oceans. Therefore, this thesis firstly points out issues and problems of current search and rescue operations, and secondly studies three primary factors of the search and rescue operations, which are decision of search range, decision of search asset, and decision of search duration. Finally, the thesis suggests a theoretical foundation of the search and rescue operations by applying the result of studies and the marine search theory through a theoretical approach to reasonable standards.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.57-60
• /
• 2018

Great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) have been growing on a large scale since they settled on Jokja Island in Lake Paldang in 2010. In 2017, 827 breeding nests were found in Jokja Island and the breeding success rate was $2.60{\pm}0.23$ per nest. Nestling tree did not show any specificity for the species and was severely damaged. As the nesting materials for cormorants, branches and leaves, which were easy to come by around the island, were used. Most of their prey were fish in Lake Paldang. The population the great cormorants showed high breeding success rate, indicating that Jokja Island was a good site for breeding. Thus, it shows that continuous research for them needs to be done.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.283-286
• /
• 2005

In the modern city in which the high-density and complex land use is needed, high-rise residential-commercial buildings appeared as a scheme to arrange a metropolitan residence with multiple high-techs and to induce activation of the city with leading the settled population to flow into the city. And the need of the times is to actively apply the eco-friendly notion to the architecture. In this study, the works of Ken Yeang who is regarded as an eco-friendly architect to make high-rise residential-commercial buildings ecological should be focused on with analyses of eco-friendly characteristics in inside, intersection between inside and outside, and outside of his works. The result o the study would be the suggestion to design eco-friendly high-rise buildings which make the city rise in quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2004.02a
• /
• pp.220-237
• /
• 2004

China, as a developing country with a great number of population and relatively less energy resources, reasonably emphasizes the nuclear energy utilization development. For the long term sustainable energy supply, as for nuclear application the basic strategy of PWR-FBR-Fusion has been settled and envisaged. Due to the economy and experience reasons the nuclear power and technology development with a moderate style are kept in China up to now. In China mainland apart from two NPPs with the total capacity of 2.1 GWe in operation, four NPPs are under construction and two NPPs are planned for the Tenth Five Year Plan(2001-2005). Also another one or two NPPs are still in discussion. It could be foreseen that the total nuclear power capacity will reach 8.5GWe before the year 2005 and 14-15 GWe before 2010 respectively. As the first step for the Chinese fast reactor engineering development the 65MWt China Experimental Fast Reactor(CEFR) is under construction. The main components of primary, secondary and tertiary circuits and of fuel handling system have been ordered. The reactor building under construction has reached the top namely 57m above the ground. More than one hundred components and shielding doors have been installed. It is planned that the construction of reactor building with about 40,000$m^2$ floor surface will be completed in the end of the year 2002 and envisaged that the first criticality of the CEFR will be in the end of 2005. The second step of the Chinese fast reactor engineering development is a 300MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor which is only under consideration up to now. Some important technical selections have been settled, but its design has not yet started.