• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.464-474
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• 2022

Objectives: We introduced the cohort studies included in the Korean Cohort Consortium (KCC), focusing on large-scale cohort studies established in Korea with a prolonged follow-up period. Moreover, we also provided projections of the follow-up and estimates of the sample size that would be necessary for big-data analyses based on pooling established cohort studies, including population-based genomic studies. Methods: We mainly focused on the characteristics of individual cohort studies from the KCC. We developed "PROFAN", a Shiny application for projecting the follow-up period to achieve a certain number of cases when pooling established cohort studies. As examples, we projected the follow-up periods for 5000 cases of gastric cancer, 2500 cases of prostate and breast cancer, and 500 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The sample sizes for sequencing-based analyses based on a 1:1 case-control study were also calculated. Results: The KCC consisted of 8 individual cohort studies, of which 3 were community-based and 5 were health screening-based cohorts. The population-based cohort studies were mainly organized by Korean government agencies and research institutes. The projected follow-up period was at least 10 years to achieve 5000 cases based on a cohort of 0.5 million participants. The mean of the minimum to maximum sample sizes for performing sequencing analyses was 5917-72 102. Conclusions: We propose an approach to establish a large-scale consortium based on the standardization and harmonization of existing cohort studies to obtain adequate statistical power with a sufficient sample size to analyze high-risk groups or rare cancer subtypes.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.277-286
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• 2022

The elastic and inelastic responses obtained from the experimental and analytical results of two RC building structures under the service level earthquake (SLE) and maximum considered earthquake (MCE) in Korea were used to weinvestigate the characteristics of the mechanisms resisting shear and torsional behavior in torsionally unbalanced structures. Equations representing the interactive effect of translational drift and torsional deformation on the shear force and torsional moment were proposed. Because there is no correlation in the behavior between elastic and inelastic forces and strains, the incremental shear forces and incremental torsional moments were analyzed in terms of their corresponding incremental drifts and incremental torsional deformations with respect to the yield, unloading, and reloading phases around the maximum edge-frame drift. In the elastic combination of the two dominant modes, the translational drift mainly contributes to the shear force, whereas the torsional deformation contributes significantly to the overall torsional moment. However, this phenomenon is mostly altered in the inelastic response such that the incremental translational drift contributes to both the incremental shear forces and incremental torsional moments. In addition, the given equation is used to account for all phenomena, such as the reduction in torsional eccentricity, degradation of torsional stiffness, and apparent energy generation in an inelastic response.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.31-55
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• 2021

The Personal Information Protection Act, one of the revised 3 Data Laws, established a special cases concerning pseudonymous data. As a result, a personal information controller may process pseudonymized information without the consent of data subjects for statistical purposes, scientific research purposes, and archiving purposes in the public interest, etc. In addition, as a follow-up to the revised Personal Information Protection Act, a 'Guidelines for Utilization of Healthcare Data' was prepared, which deals with the pseudonymization in the medical sector. The guidelines are meaningful in that they provide practical criteria for accomplices by defining specific interpretations and examples that take into account the characteristics of healthcare data. However, the guidelines need to clarify the purpose of using pseudonymous data and strengthen the fairness of the composition of the data deliberation committee. The guidelines also require establishing a healthcare data compensation framework and strengthening the protection of rights for vulnerable subjects. In addition, the guidelines need to be adjusted for inconsistency with the Bioethics and Safety Act and the Medical Service Act. It is expected that this study will contribute to the creation of a safe environment for the utilization of healthcare data as well as the improvement of related laws and systems.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.183-193
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of black consumer behavior perception on the anger expression and turnover intention of beauty workers. For data collection, the final 392 copies were used by distributing questionnaires to 400 people for three months from November 1, 2021 to January 31, 2022, centering on beauty service workers in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon. For data analysis, SPSS 25.0 program was used. Frequency analysis was performed to identify demographic characteristics, and factor analysis and reliability analysis were performed to understand the validity of the measurement tool. Correlation analysis, A regression analysis was performed. As a result of the analysis, the transient and deterrence of black consumers had a positive (+) effect on anger expression, anger suppression, and turnover intention, and anger expression and anger control had a positive (+) effect on turnover intention. Therefore, it is necessary to raise excessive problems of black consumers or eradicate forced services, and it is believed that proper customer response methods and programs for stress relief should be provided by members.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.86-94
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• 2022

Replacement of FRP rod as steel reinforcement has been attracted significantly to prevent the degradation of the concrete structure due to corrosion. So, the technology development to extend the structure's service life by improving FRP properties has been proceeded worldwide. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop Korea's CFRP rod and CFRP grid, including the manufacturing techniques to improve the properties of high-strength and high-stiffness. Moreover, the research should be conducted to evaluate the structural behavior of the beams using the CFRP rod or grid. This study investigates the flexural and shear behavior of reinforced concrete beam using demonstrated CFRP rod as reinforcement according to the reinforcement ratio and shear span to depth ratio. From the results, when the reinforcement ratio is out of a specific range, it is seemed that the effect on performance improvement of the beam using CFRP rod is cancelled or not significant. Meanwhile, when the CFRP rod was used as reinforcement, the possibility of shear failure occurred, even steel stirrups were installed in the beam with CFRP rod as tensile reinforcement according to the Korean Design Standard. Therefore, when the CFRP rod is used as tensile reinforcement in a beam, it should be prepared that a specific limitation of reinforcement ratio and an investigation against shear failure. Also, the ductility of the beam using the CFRP rod is determined by the deformation energy evaluation method. So, the ductility should be investigated by applying the deformation energy evaluation method that reflects the structural behavior of the beam.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.87-94
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• 2022

Recently, with the development of information and communication infrastructure, the number of Internet access devices is rapidly increasing. Smartphones, laptops, computers, and even IoT devices are receiving information and communication services through Internet access. Since most of the device operating environment consists of web (WEB), it is vulnerable to web cyber attacks using web shells. When the web shell is uploaded to the web server, it is confirmed that the attack frequency is high because the control of the web server can be easily performed. As the damage caused by the web shell occurs a lot, each company is responding to attacks with various security devices such as intrusion prevention systems, firewalls, and web firewalls. In this case, it is difficult to detect, and in order to prevent and cope with web shell attacks due to these characteristics, it is difficult to respond only with the existing system and security software. Therefore, it is an automated defense system through the collection and analysis of web shells based on artificial intelligence machine learning that can cope with new cyber attacks such as detecting unknown web shells in advance by using artificial intelligence machine learning and deep learning techniques in existing security software. We would like to propose about. The machine learning-based web shell defense system model proposed in this paper quickly collects, analyzes, and detects malicious web shells, one of the cyberattacks on the web environment. I think it will be very helpful in designing and building a security system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.843-852
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• 2022

To determine the composition of benthic species on the southwest coast, a macrobenthos study was conducted at 18 sites on the islands of Wando and Jodo for seven summers (2014-2021) from June to September. Two hundred and twenty species(645 ind./m²) were collected on the rocky shores of Wando and Jodo. A similar number of species was observed in Wando (165 species) and Jodo (167 species). The mean density was higher in Wando (726 ind./m²) than in Jodo (564 ind./m²). The number of species was the highest at Site 15 (116 species), and the density was highest at Site 7 (1,664 ind/m²). The dominant species were Nodilittorina radiata with 175 ind./m² (27.1%), Littorina brevicula with 97 ind./m² (15.1%), and Heminerita japonica with 41 ind./m² (6.3%). The climate change indicator species, Tetraclita japonca, appeared in 15 sites, and the endemic species, Ptilohyale bisaeta, appeared in some sites. Fusinus spectrum, which appears on the Red List as a Near Threatened (NT) species, the lowest level of extinction risk, appeared in Jodo. The macrobenthos of Wando and Jodo demonstrated the general characteristics of rocky shores in Korea. Based on the tides and substrate, the rocky shores revealed a vertical distribution trend where Nodilittorina radiata, Littorina brevicula, Chthamalus challengeri, and Reishia clavigera were dominant. Wando and Jodo exhibited similar habitat distribution patterns.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.195-205
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• 2021

Purpose: The ultraviolet reflectance and transmittance of coastal building materials are one of the important factors of ultraviolet radiation in and out of coastal building. In this research, the ultraviolet spectral reflectance of many kinds of building materials was measured. Also, the relationships with the lightness, roughness, and chromaticity, which are surface characteristics, were reviewed and suggested. Method: In this study, according to the CIE classification, the ultraviolet region was defined as short-wavelength region UV-C(10nm~280nm), medium-wavelength region UV-B (280-315 nm), and long-wavelength region UV-A (315-400nm), and the visible light region was defined as (400nm~780nm). Spectrophotometer was used to continuously measure the reflectance from the ultraviolet region to the visible light region. Results: From the measurement results, the ultraviolet reflectance on Wood was shown to be about Visible 55-68%, UV-A^* 7-12%, and UV-B 4-5%. Wall tiles are about Visible18-40%, UV-A^* 8-20%, and UV-B^* 7-8%. That on concrete was shown to be about Visible 37%, UV-A^* 28%, and UV-B^*19%. Conclusion: The ultraviolet reflectance can be estimated by visible reflectance. Also, it is important to select a variety of materials according to the application when blocking UV.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.93-134
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• 2021

With the inauguration of the Bolsonaro administration in 2019, Brazil experienced a noticeable transformation in its policy lines at home and abroad. Limiting this change to diplomacy, it can be pointed out that pro-U.S. and anti-China diplomacy, which is clearly distinguished from the previous regimes, has begun in earnest. Nevertheless, the existing literature on this topic is limited, and it is mainly poetic reporting through the media. This paper aims to derive the main determinant of Bolsonaru's pro-U.S. and anti-China diplomatic lines by postulating the individual level of the political leader as a key variable. This study argues that his personal experience and beliefs and world views formed by his life history, and Bolsonaro's political calculation that would strengthen his domestic political support through linking between his domestic politics and diplomatic lines, ultimately influenced the dependent variable. This study is thought to be meaningful in that it enhanced the theoretical implications of not only the theory of foreign policy determinants but also the understanding of Brazil's foreign policy by explaining the factors of Brazil's pro-U.S. and anti-China diplomacy through focusing on an individual level.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.357-364
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• 2022

This study conducted a survey of 265 dental hygienists working in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province from January 10 to February 28, 2021 to understand the ethical values and professional occupational characteristics of clinical dental hygienists. The difference in ethical values and professional occupational perception between subjects was post-tested using SPSS WIN 20.0 program and Scheffe test using independent sample T-test and one-way ANOVA. According to the results of the study, ethical thinking in ethical values was statistically significant in dental hospitals with higher final education, more work experience, and ethical work experience (p<0.05). The higher the age, the higher the final education, the more ethical education experience at university, the higher the sense of mission, the fewer working days, the more satisfying the job, the higher the organizational compliance with professional organizations and public service (p<0.05). The results of this study confirm the necessity of regular ethics education such as continuing education for dental hygienists, and are expected to be used as basic data to maintain ethical values and professionalism in clinical practice.