• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.359-367
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• 2001

A serological survey was performed to establish basic data for the prevalence of antibodies to some major diseases of domesticated boar serum samples from January to December 2000. Sera collected in breeding farms in Gyeongbuk province were tested for Aujeszky's disease virus(ADV), Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV), Porcine parvovirus(PPV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Bordetella bronchiseptica(B bronchiseptica), Mycoplasma ; APP), Toxoplasma, and Brucella. There was no antibody to ADV in domesticated boars serum samples detected by Anti-ADV-gpI assay kit. Sero-positive samples to PRRS by IFA were 0.9%(3/330) The HI titers to PPV ranged variously from less than 10 to over 1,280. Two hundred ninety-four out of 330 tested sera showed HI titer of less than 10. In HI test to JEV, 90.3% of the sera (298/330) were below 10. The majority of the serum samples had low prevalence of the antibody B bronchiseptica. ELISA titers to M hyopneumoniae ranged variously from $\leq$ 10 to $\geq$ 1,280. Antibody titers to A pleuropneumoniae type 2(APP2) and type 5(APP5) were 58.2% and 52.7%, respectively, and the tested samples showing ELISA antibody titers of less than 20. There was no significant geographical difference between APP2 and APP5 in this study. In the antibody test of Toxoplasma, 11.5%(38/330) were positive and samples were all negative in sera test of Brucella.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2013

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the pathogen of paratuberculosis called Johne's disease. Johne's disease is hardly eliminated because of its long latent period and continuous dissemination, so it is found in ruminants worldwide and can cause substantial economic losses in cattle. It has been reported in many studies on the distribution of Johne's disease in some provinces of Korea that not many, but noticeable numbers of infected cows have been detected since the first detection in 1984. The aims of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Johne's disease obtained from slaughtered cattle in central area of Gyeongnam province, Korea. In this study, the ELISA serum antibody test and PCR were employed on a total of 240 blood and ileac substrate samples from slaughtered cattle in two slaughtering and wholesale centers in Gyeongsangnam-do Livestock Veterinary Research Institute Central Branch. Out of the entire 240 blood samples, three (1.3%) were positive by ELISA, while five (2.1%) were suspected cattle. But ileac substrate samples, eight (3.3%) were positive by PCR. By breeds, positive rates of ELISA and PCR in Korean native cattle were 1.3% and 3.5%, respectively, but no positive cows were found in dairy cattle. By provinces, sero-positive rates of Gyeongnam and Gyeongbuk were 1.6% and 1.3%, respectively. And PCR positive rates of Gyeongnam, Gyeongbuk and other provinces were 2.4%, 5.0% and 2.8%, respectively. These results indicate that it requires the nationwide monitoring test and measure to deal with subclinically infected slaughtering cows.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.113-117
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• 2002

We investigated the sero-prevalence of toxocariasis among healthy Korean adults in 1999. A total of 314 sera from normal inhabitants in Whachon-gun, Gangwon do, Korea was examined for specific antibody levels against excretory-secretory products of second stage larvae of Toxocara (TES). The presence of cross-reactions with other helminthiases such as cysticercosis, paragonimiasis, sparganosis or clonorchiasis was also checked by specific IgG ELISA. Sera showing positive reaction against TES were also tested by IgG immunoblot and by IgE ELISA. Out of 314 subjects, 16 was found to be positive by TES IgG ELISA and immunoblot, among whom 12 were also positive by TES IgE ELISA. Among the 16 seropositive samples, two sera showed positive reaction against Paragonimus and sparganum antigen, respectively. These results inferred that cross-reactions were negligible between toxocariasis and other helminthiases. Toxocariasis seroprevalence among Korean rural adults was detected to be approximately 5%.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.293-298
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• 2009

Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) is antigenically related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). Differential serological diagnosis between PRCV and TGEV infection is not possible with the classical sero-neutralization test. Infection with PRCV or TGEV induces antibodies which neutralize both viruses to the same titer. However, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can differentiate between PRCV and TGEV infection. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of PRCV infection of swine in Gyeongnam province. A total of 391 serum samples from 37 herds in Gyeongnam were examined for antibody to PRCV using blocking ELISA. All serum samples were collected from 130- to 150-day-old pigs between August and December 2006. By ELISA, 182 out of 391 sera tested (46.5%) and 29 out of 37 sample herds (78.4%) were positive against PRCV. Our data suggested that seropositive herds for PRCV are distributed diffusely throughout Gyeongnam. The PCR methods were established to diagnose PRCV spike protein (S) gene. PCR were conducted to identify the PRCV genome against 150 pigs in PRCV antibody positive herds.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2010

Brucellosis is a serious zoonosis, recognized worldwide. It primarily affects animals, which act as reservoirs for human infection as well as being of economic significance to the agri-food industry. Bangladesh has been reported as an endemic area for brucellosis. So a cross sectional study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and potential risk factors of brucellosis in cattle in Dinajpur and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh. A total of 182 cattle were examined by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) between September 2008 and October 2009. Then Positive, doubtful, and negative samples were further confirmed with slow agglutination test (SAT) and both indirect and competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA and cELISA). A questionnaire was used to collect epidemiological information of the animals. The overall animal-level prevalence was 3.30%. Brucellosis seroprevalence was higher (4.76% by cELISA) in cattle above 48 months than those under 48 months. Female showed higher seroprevalence (10.67%) than male (6.25%). Higher seroprevalence was also found in cattle bred naturally (20.0%) than artificially (8.77%) and cattle that aborted or with previous abortion record (22.22%) showed higher seroprevalence than non-aborted (7.69%). The sensitivity of RBT and SAT was found 100% as compared to cELISA standard test, whereas specificity of RBT (95.35%) was higher than that of SAT (94.32%).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.331-338
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• 2008

The study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the tube agglutination test (TAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the 2-Mercaptoethanol agglutination test (2-MAT) to detect human brucellosis patients in Korea. We examined 87 serum samples of people in the rural farm areas where bovine brucellosis had been reported. People in this study were divided into seven groups- farmers and their families, veterinarians, veterinary quarantine workers, livestock health control officers, artificial inseminators, livestock traders and healthy control individuals. Among 87 people, 65 were males and 22 were females ranging in age from 13 to 72 years. Of 87 serum samples, ELISA detected 21.84%, TAT detected 11.50% and 2-MAT detected 8.05% Brucella positive sera. Brucella specific IgG ELISA antibody titer was recorder higher in the individuals between the ages of 50 and 65 years. The highest prevalence rate of brucellosis(29.4%) was recorded in the cattle farmers and their family members followed by quarantine veterinary office workers (25%) and practicing veterinarians 01.1%). The majority of the Brucella sero-positive individuals in this study had a history of direct contact with animals.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.78-84
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• 2015

Although researches have highlighted the important role of enhanced farm biosecurity to reduce the severity and prevalence of diseases in livestock, to date there has been little study in Korea on farmers' adoption of biosecurity measures to control porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. To mitigate the risk of PRRSV infection in pigs, the risk factors by which PRRSV is introduced in pig farms must be determined. The primary aim of this study was to investigate pig producers' perceptions about on-farm biosecurity practices. We also analyzed data obtained from a cross-sectional study on 196 farrow-to-finish farms conducted between March 2013 and February 2014 to identify risk factors for PRRSV infection at farm level. Standardized questionnaires with information about basic demographical data and management practices were collected in each farm by on-site visit of trained veterinarians. Farms were classified as negative or positive through the use of infection profiles that combined data on PCR positive pigs and serological testing including antibody titer, sero-conversion pattern at each age category, and vaccination status. Data on biosecurity practices, farm management and environmental characteristics were analyzed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Generally, the biosecurity level in the pig farms included in this study were insufficient to reduce/prevent the risk of PRRSV infection given the high pig density areas and the considerable extent of vehicle movement. Factors associated with PRRSV infection were those where owners used on-farm vaccination programs had a lower risk of infection (OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.06-0.61). The results from the analysis may guide to tailor biosecurity measures in the reduction or prevention of PRRS to the specific circumstances of pig farms in different localities of the world. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first study to report information on the biosecurity practices currently implemented on Korean pig farms.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.230-235
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• 2013

Johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants. Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of this disease. Many studies have been carried out on paratuberculosis from Korean native cattle and dairy cattle in multiple areas around nation, but there is no report in Busan area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine paratuberculosis in Busan area from March in 2011 to October in 2012. A total of 863 Korean native cattle of 213 farms were tested by ELISA method. The 287 (33.3%) Korean native cattle of 119 (55.9%) farms were positive in ELISA. In regional analysis, 234 (33.6%) out of 696 cows in Kijang-gun, 35 (39.3%) out of 89 cows in Gangseo-gu and 15 (20.8%) out of 72 cows in Geumjeong-gu were positive. In sexual analysis, 277 (33.6%) out of 824 cows in Female and 10 (25.6%) out of 39 cows in Male were positive. In aga-related analysis, 13 (22.4%) out of 58 cows in 1 year, 33 (32.0%) out of 103 cows in 2 years, 87 (34.1%) out of 255 cows in 3 years, 118 (36.6%) out of 322 cows in 4 years, 21 (36.8%) out of 57 cows in 5 years, 8 (29.6%) out of 27 cows in 6 years, 6 (31.6%) out of 19 cows in 7 years and 1 (4.5%) out of 22 cows in 8-11 years were positive.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 1979

Bacteriologic diagnosis of enteric infection remains to be an important role of clinical laboratory because of the prevalence of the infection. Often the determination of etiologic agent and its susceptibility to antibiotics are of vital importance for a proper management of the infection. In our previous paper, an analysis of the isolation of enteric pathogens for the years 1969-73 was reported to clarify the status of those years. The present analysis was made based on the data obtained during the years 1974-78, to see if any change of the status was rendered. 1. During the 5-year period, from the cultures of 7,308 stool or rectal specimens 833 patients yielded enteric pathogens: 468 Shigella, 295 Salmonella, 30 Vibrio parahaemolyticus and 40 enteropathogenic Escherichia coli(EPEC). 2. Of the 295 Salmonella, 271 were S. typhi Isolation of 12 S.paratyphi-A, 1 Salmonella group B, 4 group C, 5 group D and 2 group E meant a definite increase of these sero-groups, S. typhi was most frequently isolated in August and in December, and from 30- to 39-year-old patients. 3. Of the 468 Shigella, 10 were subgroup A, 338 subgroup B, 3 subgroup C and 117 subgroup D. Most of the subgroup B belonged to type 1,2, or 3. The proportion of S. sonnei decreased from 31.3% in 1974 to 18.2% in 1978. In foreign patients, S. sonnei remained to be the frequntly isolated species. Shigella isolation was frequent in August and in 2- to 5-year-old patients. 4. V. parahaemolyticus was isolated from 30 and EPEC from 40 patients. 5. Ninty-nine per cent and 99.5% of the S. typhi isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and to ampicillin respectively. 92.8% of S sonnei were susceptible to ampicillin. S. flexneri type 2 was notable for their markedely decreased proportion being susceptible to ampicillin: 84.4% in 1974 and 25.6% in 1978.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.12.1-12.7
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• 2023

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an RNA virus belonging to Pestivirus in the family Flaviviridae. BVDV has economic significance for the livestock industry because of its association with acute disease, fetal loss, and birth of persistently infected (PI) animals. This study aimed to investigate the BVDV infection rates in Korean native cattle farms in Jeju for further planning of a BVDV control program in the Jeju Province. BVDV antibodies and antigens were tested in 15,842 sera collected from 302 Korean native cattle herds between January 2014 and June 2017 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Viral antigen was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from 60 sera that were antigen ELISA-positive. BVDV antibodies were found in 90.7% (274/302) herds and 61.1% (9,678/15,842) cows. BVDV antigens were found in 13.2% (40/302) herds and 0.4% (61/15,842) cows. The oldest animal group (> 8 years) exhibited the highest sero-positive rates (91%), while the youngest animal group (< 1 years) had the highest antigen positivity rates (0.52%). Of the 60 antigen-positive sera, BVDV types 1 and 2 were found in 36 and 12 sera, respectively. Additionally, six animals were considered to be PI as BVDV was continually detected in annual examination.