• 대한간호학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 1989

This study explored differences in how medical and surgical patients compare on the degree of hospital stress and their subjective physical status. Subjects were 343 medical and surgical patients in five university hospitals in Seoul and Taegu. They responded to the Hospital Stress Rating Scale and a self-report on physical status. The controlled variables were age, education, number of previous hospitalizations and seriousness of the illness. Medical and surgical patient differences on nine factors of the hospital stres scale and nine areas of physical conditions were reported as follows edplored : 1. 1) There was not a statistically significant difference at the .05 level in the total mean score for hospital stress between medical patients and surgical patients. 2) The mean score of the factor lack of information (M＝2.308) for medical patients was higher than the mean score (M＝2.064) of the surgical patients. 3) The mean scores of the factor of discomfort (M＝2.130), loss of independence (M＝1.889) for surgical patients were higher than for medical patients. 2. 1) There was a statistically significant difference at the .05 level in the total mean score for physical status between medical patients and surgical patients. 2) The mean scores were lower in subjective physical status for surgical patients(S) than for medical patients (M) ; stomach condition (S : M＝2.8433, M : M＝3.0-000), self-assistance(S : M＝3.0373, M : M＝3.4498), movement (S : M＝2.6716, M : M＝3.2392), interest in your surroundings (S : M＝3.0522, M : M＝3.2632). 3. Patients scoring high on the subjective physical status such as sleep, appetite, stomach condition bowel condition and urination states had higher scores in hospital stress than with patients scoring low on those subjective Physical status. The results suggest that subjective physical status might be on expression of hospital stress. Also patients with high scores in subjective physical statas might be predicted have a high level of stress on admission. And surgical patients had a higher level of hospital stress than medical patients.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.526-540
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• 2010

Due to fierce competition, many domestic fashion businesses are suffering difficulty in securing and maintaining customers. Accordingly, fashion companies are devoting all their energy to secure customers by using high quality and diverse strategies for distribution and promotion, and to secure loyalty by satisfying customers with the offer of excellent service. Thus, it is very important to provide systematic service recovery strategy available for handling service failure effectively. Therefore, the purpose of this study is comprehensively analyzing influences of expectation dis-confirmation and perceived justice for service recovery upon consumers' satisfaction and loyalty. The findings are as follows. First, as for the service failure that customers experienced, the more consumers who expect it to be recovered led to the higher formation of expectation-compensation dis-confirmation. Second, it was indicated that the higher seriousness in service failure that customers experienced led to the lower satisfaction and loyalty to service recovery. Third, as a result of examining influence of expectation-compensation dis-confirmation for service-failure recovery upon consumer satisfaction and loyalty, the customers who showed more positive dis-confirmation to expectation-compensation were indicated to form the more satisfaction and loyalty. Fourth, as a result of examining the influence of the perceived justice in the process of service-failure recovery upon customer satisfaction, all in 3 dimensions of justice had effect on customer satisfaction.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2018

부산항은 국내 물동량의 75% 이상을 처리하는 제1의 항만이며, 세계 글로벌 항만 중 6위를 차지하고 있다. 본 연구는 부산항의 중추역할을 하면서 시내와 가까이 위치한 북항에 접안하는 선박들로부터 발생되는 배기가스를 추정하고, 항만 주변으로 어떻게 확산되는지 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 미국 환경보건국에서 제안한 배기가스산출모형을 적용하여 선박유형별 배출량을 산정하고, 대기확산모형인 CALPUFF Model를 통해 계절, 기상상태, 시간변화에 따른 배기가스의 대기확산 패턴을 분석한 후, 시사점을 도출하였다. 분석결과, 주요 오염원인 질소산화물, 이산화황, 미세먼지의 배출량은 각각 30,853톤, 36,281톤, 6,856톤이며, 유조선에서 42%로 가장 많이 발생하였다. 또한 맑은 날엔 대기오염이 항만주위에 정체되고, 바람 부는 날엔 넓게 확산되며, 비오는 날엔 가장 옅어지는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 대기오염의 심각성을 인식하게 하며, 향후 공공보건을 위한 정책 수립시 기초자료로 활용이 가능하다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.325-333
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• 2018

우리나라 대기환경의 질적 하락으로 인한 영향과 주변환경에 의해 실내공기질은 매우 심각한 상황에 직면하고 있다. 이러한 일반인들의 위험성에 대한 인식은 높아지고 있으나, 실질적으로 대기환경 뿐만이 아니라 실내공기의 질적 하락에 대한 인식과 이에 따른 대책을 강구하기 위한 방안은 설정되지 않았다. 본 연구는 실내공기질에 대한 궁극적인 관리를 위해 측정과 관리를 위한 신규 브랜드의 기초설계 연구로 서비스디자인 기법을 적용한 일반 소비자의 실내공기질 관리 행태에 대한 관찰을 통해 브랜드 방향성을 도출하기 위해 연구되었다. 연구방법론으로는 서비스디자인의 설계로 일반가정, 일반 소형사무실, 공공시설의 이용행태에 대한 관찰과 현재 법률상의 이유로 시행되고 있는 실내공기질 측정에 대한 프로세스를 관찰하여 기록한 후 전문가 의견을 수렴하여 보편적인 문제점과 방향성을 도출하였다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 1985

Ratio of physically and mentally handicapped people among the total population is about 3∼4%. Regardless of the extent of seriousness of handicaps, they have to sustain various difficulties in their life time and pose challenging problems to their homes, community and nation. In the spectrum of their problems, measures such as treatment, rehabilitation and welfare work all occupied important part but most significant measure is the prevention. Such handicaps items from health care of maternal and child, mostly causes throughout the process of pregnancy, delivery and upbringing. And then this study is focused on the pregnant history of the mothers with handicapped children. The objective of this study is to identify the basic factors which can create a handicapped child during pregnancy and is to prevent the birth of such a child. For this study, 301 mothers who have handicapped children were selected, now receiving various training at 5 rehabilitation and educational facilities. And questionnaires distributed to them during the period of Oct, 1983 to Dec, 14. The collected responses have been analized in terms of significant numbers, percentage and metic average. Their related results are as follows: 1. The sexual ratio between the male and female was 58.5% compare 41.5%. The average age of the handicapped children was 10.1 years old and that of mothers at the time of the children's birth was 28.9 old years. They were born as 2.14th in their family, the ratio of antenatal care for pregnant mothers was 36.2% and 22.9% were abnormally delivered. 37.9% out of the total were born from mothers with ages above 35 years and as their first baby. 2. The time of confirming the handicapped nature of children was during babyhood by 97.1% and discovery of these misfortunes were made by chance. As for causes of those-handicapped status 20.9% disease from complication, 15.3% from difficulties experience at the time of delivery, 11.3% from heredity and 10% were results of drug abuse during pregnancy, and 49.8% of the handicapped children were mentally retarded.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.207-220
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to build a substantive theory about the experience of the maternal uncertainty in childhood chronic illness. The qualitative research method used was grounded theory. The interviewees were 12 mothers who have cared for a child who had chronic illness. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with audiotape recording done by the investigator over a period of nine months. The data were analyzed simutaneously by a constant comparative method in which new data were continuously coded into categories and properties according to Strauss and Corbin's methodology. The 34 concepts were identified as a result of analyzing the grounded data. Ten categories emerged from the analysis. The categories were lack of clarity, unpredictability, unfamiliarity, negative change, anxiety, devotion normalization and burn-out. Causal conditions included : lack of clarity, unpredictability, unfamiliarity and change ; central phenomena : anxiety, being perplexed ; context. seriousness of illness, support ; intervening condition : belief action/interaction strategies devotion, overprotection ; consequences : normalization, burn-out. These categories were synthesized into the core concept-anxiety. The process of experiencing uncertainty was 1) Entering the world of uncertainty, 2) Struggling in the tunnel of uncertainty, 3) Reconstruction of the situation of uncertainty. Four hypotheses were derived from the analysis : (1) The higher the lack of clarity, unpredictability, unfamiliaity, change, the higher the level of uncertainty (2) The more serious the illness and the less the support, the higher the level of uncertainty. (3) The positive believes will influence the devoted care and normalization of the family life. Through this substantive theory, pediatric nurses can understand the process of experiencing maternal uncertainty in childhood chronic illness. Further research to build substantive theories to explain other uncertainties may contribute to a formal theory of how normalization is achieved in the family with chronically ill child.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.264-275
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• 2015

지역보건의료사업의 효과성과 효율성을 개선하기 위해 지역사회 요구에 기반한 우선순위과제가 선정되어 추진되고 있으나, 선정방법의 체계적인 사용이 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 우선순위선정 방법의 개선방안을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 81개의 지역보건의료계획에서 사용된 우선순위선정에 대해 방법 및 기준의 빈도를 파악하고, 각 방법이 제시한 내용을 바탕으로 실제 사용의 적절성을 분석하였다. 우선순위선정을 위한 분석대상으로 건강문제가 아닌 사업 자체를 하고 있는 경우가 많았다. 가장 많이 사용된 우선순위선정 방법은 Basic priority rating 이었으며 다음은 우선순위화 매트릭스이었다. 우선순위기준 중 문제의 크기를 보면, 만성질환에서는 유병률, 건강행위에서는 주로 건강문제를 가진 사람의 비율이 지표로 사용되고 있었다. 문제의 크기를 비롯하여 심각성, 중재 효과 등의 우선순위선정 기준이 객관적 자료 없이 평가되고 있었으며, 점수화기준도 명확하지 않았다. 우선순위선정의 분석대상을 건강문제로 한정하고, 건강문제 영역별로 점수화 기준을 제시해 줄 필요가 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.672-682
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• 2012

이 연구는 최근 노인들의 스트레스와 우울, 자살생각 등 정신건강 폐해의 심각성을 인지하고 이에 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상되는 삶의 질, 건강행태, 건강수준 등과 정신건강 간의 구조적인 관계를 검증하고자 수행하였다. 연구 자료는 전 국민을 모집단으로 체계적인 표본조사를 실시한 2009년 국민건강영양조사의 원자료에서 65세 이상 노인들 중 연구에 적합한 1,490명을 최종 연구대상자로 선정하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 노인들의 삶의 질이 높을수록 스트레스, 우울, 그리고 자살생각 등을 감소시키는 효과가 있었다. 또한 삶의 질은 건강수준을 강화시켜 정신건강을 증진시키는 효과가 있었다. 둘째, 흡연, 문제음주, 비만, 적당한 운동과 수면 등으로 측정한 건강행태가 정신건강에 직접적인 영향은 없었으나, 건강수준을 매개로 한 간접효과를 확인하였다. 이 연구결과를 기반으로 노인의 정신건강 증진을 위해서는 삶의 질 제고를 우선적으로 고려하면서, 건강행태를 변화시키려는 체계적인 노력이 중요하다 하겠다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2013

Objectives In pediatrics of Korean Medicine, it is crucial to evaluate the overall symptoms of children, especially in the children who have serious troubles in their life. In the era when diagnosis in Korean Medicine is quite suitable to evaluate multiple allergic diseases, and when growing numbers are in needs, development of an objective measurement scale for diagnosis of allergic disease in Korean Medicine became essential. Therefore, in the study, pediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PADQLQ) was translated into Korean version with validations on some aspects. Methods In this study, we translated and validated the PADQLQ and established psychometric evidence on its utility in Korean children with similar problems. 71 children, age of 6 ~ 18 with allergic disease has participated. Results The internal consistency reliability of the PADQLQ by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was 0.94. In three domains (Practical, Physical, Emotional), the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was 0.77, 0.90 and 0.69. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between PADQLQ total score and VAS was 0.75 (p<0.001). And, Structural validity was evaluated by the ANOVA test. QoL differences of the four groups in the three domains (practical, physical, emotional) were significant. The item discriminative indices were ranged from 0.1651 to 0.8188. Conclusions Korean version PADQLQ is highly reliable and valid for children with allergic diseases. This is significant to assess the relative seriousness of the allergic diseases and to evaluate the efficacy of different treatments in Korean Medicine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1207-1213
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• 2016

Heat stress negatively affects milk quality altering its nutritive value and cheese making properties. This study aimed at assessing the impact of seasonal microclimatic conditions on milk quality of Friesian cows. The study was carried out in a dairy farm from June 2013 to May 2014 at Beni-Suef province, Egypt. Inside the barn daily ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded and used to calculate the daily maximum temperature-humidity index (mxTHI), which was used as indicator of the degree of heat stress. The study was carried out in three periods according to the temperature-humidity index (THI) recorded: from June 2013 to September 2013 (mxTHI>78), from October 2013 to November 2013 (mxTHI 72-78) and from December 2013 to April 2014 (mxTHI<72). Eighty Friesian lactating dairy cows were monitored in each period. The three groups of cows were balanced for days in milk and parity. Milk quality data referred to somatic cell count, total coliform count (TCC), faecal coliform count (FCC), Escherichia coli count, percentage of E. coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, percentage of fat, protein, lactose, total solid and solid non-fat. Increasing THI was associated with a significant decrease in all milk main components. An increase of TCC, FCC, and E. coli count from mxTHI<72 to mxTHI>78 was observed. In addition, the isolation rate of both S. aureus and E. coli increased when the mxTHI increased. The results of this study show the seriousness of the negative effects of hot conditions on milk composition and mammary gland pathogens. These facts warrant the importance of adopting mitigation strategies to alleviate negative consequences of heat stress in dairy cows and for limiting related economic losses.