• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.63-66
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• 2006

In microband-induced fiber gratings, polarization properties and birefringence are investigated as a function of an applied line force. With the transmission curves associated with the maximum and minimum resonant wavelengths, the polarization-dependent behaviors are analyzed. By increasing the transverse line force, the resonance wavelength for an incident light polarized to the same direction of the force is blue-shifted as much as 0.69 nm/(N/cm) while that for the other polarization is insensitive. Using the resonant wavelength separation corresponding to the force variation, the transverse effective index change or modal birefringence variation is obtained. The ratio of modal birefringence versus applied line force is ${\Delta}B/{\Delta}f_x={\sim}8.38{\times}10^{-7}$.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.130-130
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose a novel design method for improving performance of existing FCM-type clustering algorithms. First, we define the performance measure which focuses on bothcompactness and separation of clusters. Next, we optimize this measure using evolution program.Especially the proposed method has following merits: ① using evolution program, it solves suchproblems as initialization, number of clusters, and convergence to local optimum ② it reduces searchspace and improves convergence speed of algorithm since it represents chromosome with possiblepotential centers which are selected possible candidates of centers by density measure ③ it improvesperformance of clustering algorithm with the performance index which embedded both compactnessand separation Properties ④ it is robust to noise data since it minimizes its effect on center search.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.10-21
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• 1996

This study is undertaken to investigate the major factor which causes a fouling phenomenon in membrane separation system and effect of hydrophilic treatment on fouling repression of hydrophobic polymer (polysulfone, PSf). Chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) and sulfuric acid as a sulfonating agents are used to produce sulfonated PSf (SPSf). SPSf membrane is prepared under several conditions to investigate it's separation process. The extent of fouling-repression is measured by membrane filtration index (MFI) value. With increasing the ion exchange capacity (I.E.C), the flux of SPSf membrane is decreased but the rejection is increased and the flux is less reduced. According to the MFI value, the SPSf membrane has a fouling-retardant effect.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.71-82
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• 2018

This study presents a reasonable and economical DCM reinforcement length for the various factors (the embankment height, the distance from the embankment to the underground structure, the depth of the soft ground, and the compression index and the swelling index of the soft ground) that affect the stability of the structure due to lateral movement. Based on these results, we analyzed each factor's degree of influence and figured out which factor influenced the lateral movement most. The cross section of the embankment on the soft ground was modeled by using the Finite Element Program and reinforced with DCM. The results show that the increase rate of the reinforcement length with the increase of the embankment height is about 9~50%, the increase rate of the reinforcement length with the depth of soft ground is about 13~30%, and the increase rate of the reinforcement length with increasing compression index is about 3~25%. In addition, the influence of each factor on each other was analyzed. As a result, among the separation distance, the compressive index and the maximum to minimum slope ratio of the reinforcement length of the embankment height, the separation distance was the largest for the depth of soft ground. As the depth of the soft ground increases, the ratio of the maximum to minimum slope of the reinforcement length according to the embankment height is 3.75, the ratio of the maximum to minimum slope of the reinforcement length according to the spacing distance is 4.3, and the ratio of maximum to minimum slope according to compression index is 2.5. From these results, it is confirmed that the three factors are greatly affected by the depth of soft ground.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.407-414
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• 2010

The fairway within the area of Yul-do and Songdo located near the Myeongnyang-sudo approaches south of Mokpo harbor is well guided by traffic separation scheme and other navigational aids. However, that part of the waterways where Yul-do is located sits at the cross-roads of marine traffic and is subjected to some potential risks in the voyage navigation: the effect of climatic phenomenon, the disregard of most ships in using the western sector of the fairway creating a congestion in the eastern sector, and lastly, the disadvantageous erect of the location and height of Yul-do island that hinders good lookout. This study investigates the environmental conditions that prevailed in the area in the span of 5-year period and the marine traffic situation taken from the data within the 72-hour period The navigational hazards and marine casualties are also be presented. The results are analyzed and are made the basis of a proposal for an improved separation of traffic. Thereafter, an evaluation is carried out by using the components of marine traffic flow simulation and ES modeling index. It is evaluated through simulation by the use of full-mission ship handling simulator.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 1997

Modified starches were used as additives to make tomato ketchup, and their effects on the rheological properties, serum separation and sensory characteristics of the tomato ketchup were examined. The magnitudes of the yield stress and the consistency index of the tomato ketchup with the additives, regarded as a Herschel-Bulkley fluid, were found to be in the order of ADA(acetylated distarch adipate)>SA(starch acetate) >HDP(hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate)>RCS(raw corn starch)>NS(no starch). The flow behavior indices of SA added ketchup and HDP added one were nearly constant regardless of the additive concentrations, whereas those of ADA and RCS increased with the additive concentration. In the serum separation test centrifugation, the ADA added ketchup showed the highest stability against separation, being fol-lowed by SA>HDP>RCS>NS. In the sensory evaluation, the magnitudes of the acceptance of the ketchup with the additives were as ADA(2%)>SA(2%)>RCS(2%)>NS>HDP(2%).

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.243-251
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• 2008

This study is to suggest the extraction algorithms of fingerprint corepoint and region separation using the labeling for gate security in order that it might be applied to the fingerprint recognition effectively. The gate security technology is entrance control, attendance management, computer security, electronic commerce authentication, information protection and so on. This study is to extract the directional image by dividing the original image in $128{\times}128$ size into the size of $4{\times}4$ pixel. This study is to separate the region of directional smoothing image extracted by each directional by using the labeling, and extract the block that appeared more than three sorts of change in different directions to the corepoint. This researcher is to increase the recognition rate and matching rate by extracting the corepoint through the separation of region by direction using the maximum direction and labeling, not search the zone of feasibility of corepoint or candidate region of corepoint used in the existing method. According to the result of experimenting with 300 fingerprints, the poincare index method is 94.05%, the proposed method is 97.11%.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.119-131
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• 1996

The relationship of maternal separation anxiety, availability of support system and child gender to initial preschool adjustment was examined. Data were collected on 72 middle-class Korean children(35 boys, 37 girls) between the ages of 31 months and 60 months who were entering preschool. Subjects were from intact families, all with non-working mothers. Mothers completed the Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale(MSAS) and indicated the number of extended family members in the home as an index of social support. Classroom teachers completed the Preschool Behavior Questionnaire (PBQ) for each child after the first 2 weeks and again after 6 weeks of school. Each child was observed by the research team during the first 2 weeks of school and again after the 6th-week using the Child Observation System (COS). Applying the COS observed behavior was classified as being in the dependent, neutral, or active mode. All instruments were culturally relevant as validated by Korean experts. Maternal Separation Anxiety was a significant predictor for girls only, accounting for 11% of initial COS variance (p=＜.05). In contrast, social support was a significant predictor for boys only, accounting for 28% of initial PBQ variance when entered after MSAS(p=.005). A significant difference between initial and 6th-week adjustment was obtained in the expected direction on the COS with behavior improving with time (t=-4.06, p=.001). Although a significant difference between initial and 6th-week PBQ adjustment was also obtained (t=-3.63, p=.001), it was not in the direction expected, problematic behavior were found to increase with time. Cultural and developmental factors help explain the findings. Given the patrilineal social system in Korea, boys are highly preferred over girls. Thus the at-home support system, comprised primarily of grandparents, may have a significant influence on school adjustment particularly of first-born sons. In contrast, since girls are viewed as fragile and vulnerable, mothers may express greater separation anxiety about girls. Finally, as would be expected, older children may be able to develop coping skills more readily than younger ones, as child adjustment on the COS significanlty improved over the 6-week period.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.113-124
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• 2012

Objectives: This study is designed to compare clinical symptoms between Symptom-giving pelvic girdle relaxation and Separation of the pubic symphysis. And report the clinical effectiveness of Traditional Korean Treatment on two case. Methods: Two patients who delivery in one week ago had pain that located symphysis and around. Treatment was acupuncture, Placenta Herbal Acupuncture and herbal medicine. The progress of symptom and aggressiveness of pain and disability were measured by Visual Analogue Scale, McGill pain Questionnaire-short form, Oswestry Disability Index and Active Straight Leg Raise test. Results: After treatment most two patients' pain and disabilty were improved. At first case, width of symphysis pubis were increased in normal range. Conclusions: These cases shows that Traditional Korean therapy might be effective in decreasing symptoms on separation of symphysis pubis during delivery and Symptom-giving pelvic girdle relaxation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.55-62
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• 2002

Significant changes in the performance requirements of finished lubricants is having a pronounced impact on the quality and manufacturing approach for base stocks, the building block for these products. Separation processing is no longer capable of producing high yields of premium base stocks and is rapidly being replaced with hydroprocessing. Isoparaffins are the most desirable component because of their high Viscosity Index, low pour point and excellent stability. This paper will discuss industry trends and the drive towards higher quality base stocks. Manufacturing options are discussed and examples presented to demonstrate the performance of these premium base stocks.