• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.150-156
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• 2009

Objectives : The conventional removable appliance, composed of wires and acrylic resin, had unaesthetic results and poor retention. The flexible denture, as an alternative, presents improved aesthetics with the thin and strong resin retentive area. In addition, it also enhances patients' sensory function as a result of decreased volume of denture base. The flexibility of the flexible denture reduces the possibility of fracture and distributes the masticatory forces transmitted to the abutments and residual bone tissue. This report describes a 10-year-old girl and a 6-year-old boy with oligodontia treated with the flexible dentures as an alternative to conventional removable appliances. Methods : Impression was taken using alginate material and sent to a laboratory with the bite for fabrication of the flexible denture. Prior to try-in, the flexible denture was immersed in water at $90^{\circ}C$ for one minute and cooled. Impinging area of the denture was checked by $Fit-Checker^{(R)}$ and removed and the denture was delivered to the patient. Results : Both patients were satisfied with the flexible dentures, which presented improved retention and aesthetics. Conclusion : For patients with oligodontia, flexible dentures can be considered as a treatment of choice, which may replace the conventional denture.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.43 no.10
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• pp.870-879
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• 2020

Dendrites require precise and timely delivery of protein substrates to distal areas to ensure the correct morphology and function of neurons. Many of these protein substrates are supplied in the form of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex consisting of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and mRNAs, which are subsequently translated in distal dendritic areas. It remains elusive, however, whether key RBPs supply mRNA according to local demands individually or in a coordinated manner. In this study, we investigated how Drosophila sensory neurons respond to the dysregulation of a disease-associated RBP, Ataxin-2 (ATX2), which leads to dendritic defects. We found that ATX2 plays a crucial role in spacing dendritic branches for the optimal dendritic receptive fields in Drosophila class IV dendritic arborization (C4da) neurons, where both expression level and subcellular location of ATX2 contribute significantly to this effect. We showed that translational upregulation through the expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) further enhanced the ATX2-induced dendritic phenotypes. Additionally, we found that the expression level of another disease-associated RBP, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), decreased in both cell bodies and dendrites when neurons were faced with aberrant upregulation of ATX2. Finally, we revealed that the PAM2 motif of ATX2, which mediates its interaction with poly(A)-binding protein (PABP), is potentially necessary for the decrease of FMRP in certain neuronal stress conditions. Collectively, our data suggest that dysregulation of RBPs triggers a compensatory regulation of other functionally-overlapping RBPs to minimize RBP dysregulation-associated aberrations that hinder neuronal homeostasis in dendrites.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1984

A scanning eletron microscopic study was performed to observe the tegumental surface of adult Fibricola seoulensis. The adult worms were collected from the small intestine of mice 5 days to 3 weeks after experimental infection with the metacercariae. The metacercariae were obtained from the viscera of the snakes, Matrix tigrina lateralis, by artificial digestion technique. The results were as follows: 1. The tegument of anterior body was covered with cobblestone-like cytoplasmic processes and that of posterior body showed finger-like processes. The posterior body had 4-5 large transverse wrinklings which formed many discontinued shallow rugae. 2. The entire surface of anterior body was regularly arranged with the spines of which tips diverged into 3 to 4 points. They were densely packed in anterior mid-median portion of dorsal surface where appeared a few spines indented upto 5 points. Farther laterally and posteriorly from this portion, the pointed spines were more sparse and became single tipped and extended to anterior one-third of posterior body, 3. The posterior surface of oral sucker was armed with 50-60 spines having 2-3 tips and ventral sucker also covered with such spines. On anteriormost dorsal surface arranged 60-70 spade-shaped spines. The tribocytic organ was armed with many stout recurved pile-like spines arranged radially. 4. There were 3 types of sensory papillae. The ciliated knob-like (Type I) papillae were almost bilaterally symmetrical in ventral and dorsal surfaces of anterior body, and abundant especially aroundbases of oral and ventral suckers, tribocytic organ, and in lateral margins of anterior body. About 24 non-ciliated round swellings (Type II) were observed around each lip of oral and ventral suckers. The plate-like elevated papilla without cilium (Type III) was found to distribute only in posterior body. These 3 types of papillae seem to be tangoreceptive and/or rheoreceptive in function when their morphology and distributions are considered.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.367-372
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide useful information for evaluating the sensory function of patients with strabismus by identifying the distribution of anomalous retinal correspondence (ARC) and normal retinal correspondence (NRC) by the degree of refractive errors and deviation angles. Methods: Objective refraction (AR/K, Cannon RK-F1, Japan) and subjective refraction tests were performed on 56 subjects (male: 26, female: 30) by an examiner; objective deviation angle was measured using synoptophore (OCULUS Synoptophore, Germany) with subject' eyes fully corrected for distance, and then subjective deviation angle was measured. Results: In all groups with refractive errors, the number of ARC was larger than that of NRC(67%). Particularly, it was largest in groups with myopia (71%), and in all groups, the number of UARC was larger than that of HARC. In groups with anisometropia, although the numbers of NRC and ARC were same, the number of UARC was larger than that of HARC as in other groups. In the distribution of NRC and ARC by deviation angle, the number of NRC was larger than that of ARC (46%) only at microstrabismus (0 ~ ${\pm}10{\triangle}$). Conclusions: Normal retinal correspondence were the most emmetropia in the retinal response were much higher than in the more hyperopia than the retinal correspondence were more myopia. In addition, the smaller the angle of retinal correspondence Normal over many, but overall, respectively.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.20-31
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide planning criteria for the thalassotherapy facility. Among the various contents of the planning criteria, the crucial parts of the thalassotherapy facility planning are the location, facility environment, and room space. To do this, we first examined the characteristics of the thalassotherapy facility and inquired about the thalassotherapy resources and treatments that are the basis of the thalassotherapy facility planning. And then, the overseas qualification criteria related to thalassotherapy facility were analyzed. Based on the above research results, the criteria for the thalassotherapy facility planning on location, facility environment, and spaces of rooms are presented. The location is within 1km of the coastline, where there is no pollutant emission facility, and the climate conditions are maintained more than 80% throughout the year below 'caution' level of the thermal sensation index and sensory temperature. The water quality of the facility environment meets the stricter criteria among the domestic standards or ISO 17680 standards, and the air quality is 60% of the atmospheric environment standard of the 「Framework Act on Environmental Policy」 and SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and PM10 concentration shall ensure that the annual number of exceeding standards meets the EU standard, and noise is less than 50dB per daytime, 40dB per night. Therapy spaces have to meet the standards of the 「Building Act」, the working standards of architectural planning and international standards according to their function and use.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.373-382
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• 2014

The skin is an organ that covers the outside of the human body. And it regulates body temperature, performs sensory function, deliveries the drug, and represents the abnormality of the internal organs. For these reasons, people have been expressing the condition of the body based on the state of the skin of the face to detect sign of health, "you look well", "face with vitality". Depending on the degree of aging and the environment, it is a fact that skin color, skin texture, moisture and firmness could be different. In particular, the color of the skin acts as a factor that affects to determine the subjective impression such as beauty and charm. We could expect consumer's demand through the market of whitening cosmetics and skin treatment. However, existing most of the cosmetics focus on improving whiteness. The number of studies that focused on skin color is not enough. In this study, we found out the skin color condition by carrying out surveys of 100 women between 30s and 40s. Our study would be very useful to develop new cosmetic products and to satisfy customer's needs.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 1988

In order to utilize sea mustard, Undaria pinnatifida, effectively. sea mustard jam was prepared by use of physical properties of polysaccharides, mainly alginic acid and then its chemical composition, nutritive qualifies and the stability of pigments were examined. Suitable processing condition for sea mustard jam was as fellows : as the first stage, fresh sea mustard was scalded for 20 sec at $85^{\circ}C$ and dried sea mustard was dipped for 20 min in cold water for rehydration, then both sea mustards were treated by draining and chopping. Next, after adding 4 fold of $0.5\%\;K_2HPO_4$ solution to weight of chopped sea mustards, the mixed solutions were agitated for 15 min at $95^{\circ}C$, and gelated sea mustards were filterated by pressing. Flow characteristics of those sea mustard jam were regarded mixed type having pseudoplastic type and yield stress. Judging from sensory evaluation, adding $0.375\%$ of saccharin, $2\%$ of sorbitol, $0.25\%$ of citric acid and $0.5\%$ of powder of roasted soybean to sea mustard jam were suitable for enhancing taste and flavor of product. Chemical composition of products were scarcely changed throughtout processing. Jam processed by fresh sea mustard was better than dried one in contents of chlorophyll and total carotenoid pigments. In fatty acid composition, polyenoic acids of $C_{18:3},\;C_{20:4},\;C_{20:5},\;C_{22:6}$ were held high contents as known to have lowering function of cholesterol contents. It was presumed that dominant contents in free amino acids such as lysine, alanine, glutamic acid and organic acids such as citric acid, oxalic acid, $\alpha-ketoglutaric$ acid, lactic acid and succinic acid held important role for the flavor of sea mustard jam.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.43-60
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• 1997

This study was to identify the nursing intervention method in finding out the incidence, risk factor, prevention and treatment of bed sore cilents who received regional home care nursing services. The eleven home care nurse practitioners took the survey on 97 patients who received home care nursing service from Seoul City Nurses Association for one month from September 26 to October 26 1996. A modified version of Braden's bed sore assessment tool for bed sore risks and a tool for assessment of bed sore stage and measurement bed sore sizes by Bergstrom, Braden, Laguzza and Holman(1987) were as research tools for this study and a questionnare with 40 questions and 12 items on nursing activities was used to find out the prevention and treatment of bed sores. Also, two open ended questions were used on current approaches and efforts of the treatment being applied to clients. The finding of the study were summarized as following : 1. The rate of bed sore occurrence was 47.4% 2. The areas of bed sore occurrence were hip(28.9%), sacrum(18.6%), great trochanter(14.4%) and the average number of sore spots were 2.26 3. Two groups-one with bed sores and the other without-were studied to determine prediction factors for bed sore risks. Sensory function, humidity, level of activity, mobility, nutrition, skin friction and chapping and body temperature turned out to be statistically significant factors for bed sores. Also the age of clients turned out to be a individual characteristic variable significantly affecting the rate of bed sore occurrences. 4. The education for clients and family on systematic skin assessment and bed sores and practice of active/passive R.O.M. are mainly used as nursing activities for bed sore care. 5. The treatment method varied by stages of bed sores. Sometimes folk remedies like applying the powders of dried elm tree roots to sores were used. Good nutrition, frequent position change and skin care turned to be the most effective means to fast recovery of sores.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.640-646
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• 2008

This study was conducted to evaluate the breadmaking characteristics of white bread when rice bran (RB), fermented rice bran (FRB) and rice bran oil (RBO) were added to the dough. Addition of RB to dough generally showed a decrease of the bread volume and increase of the bread weight which is related to the comparative decrease of gluten in the dough. Addition of RB also showed a decrease of lightness with yellowish color of RB and showed some rheological changes in dough. However, up to 5% RB addition, the dough showed a similar property of breadmaking with giving functional benefits compared to the control. Moreover 5% FRB addition to the dough improved the taste, flavor, and texture important to quality of bread. Substitutional use of RBO for shortening in dough result in comparative decrease of volume of dough. Addition of yellowish RBO influenced the increasing yellowness score, hardness, gumminess and brittleness, which is disadvantageous for the quality of white bread. However up to 50% RBO substitution for shortening made little rheological differences compared to the control. The 50% RBO substitution for shortening increased the score of flavor in sensory test even if there was an unfavorable quality point of white bread caused by a decreased volume and an increased hardness. From these results it could be suggested that the proper use of RB, FRB and RBO in breadmaking could improve the taste and flavor, giving beneficial function originated from rice bran to white bread.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.286-294
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• 2010

This study was performed to identify the cerebral network associated with sensation through the tickling stimulation, which is distinctive from the rest of other networks processing normal stimulation and to investigate the difference of laughing mechanism which is closely related to tickling using functional MRI(fMRI). A 16 healthy volunteers (mean age: 28.9) on a 3.0T MR scanner during two sensation conditions. Counterbalanced stimulus were presented across the participants, and the stimulation was used block design. Acquired data was analyzed by the statistical parametric mapping (SPM 99). Subject and group analysis was performed. Individual analysis showed the activation of somatic sensation area in both tasks and the tickling sensation test showed more activated area in the Wernicke's area(BA40) compared to the normal sensation. The group analysis result shows that under normal stimulations, both sides of somatosensory cortices(BA 1,2 and 3) were activated and under tickling stimulation, not only the cortices but also those huge activation on thalamus, cingulate gyrus and insular lobe were detected. When the tickling was stopped, significant activations were shown in right cingulate gyrus, left MFG area and left insular lobe. A cerebral area responsible for recognizing tickling sensation was examined and the primitive stimulation such as tickling is much closely related to laugh, which is an important factor for various social activities.