• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.80-85
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• 2013

We investigated the temporal alterations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) immunoreactivity in the hippocampus after seizure onset. Expression of ACTH was observed within inter-neurons in the pre-seizure group of seizure sensitive gerbils, whereas its immunoreactivities were rarely detected in seizure resistant gerbil. Three hr after the seizure, ACTH immunoreac-tivity was significantly increased in interneurons within all hippocampal regions. On the basis of their localization and morphology through immunofluorescence staining, these cells were identified as $GABA_A$ ${\alpha}1$-containing interneurons. At the 12 hr postictal period, ACTH expression in these regions was down-regulated, in a similar manner to the pre-seizure group of gerbils. These findings support the increase in ACTH synthesis that contributes to a reduction of corticotrophin-releasing factor via the negative feedback system which in turn provides an opportunity to enhance the excitability of GABAergic interneurons. Therefore, ACTH may play an important role in the reduction of excitotoxicity in all hippocampal regions.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.631-638
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• 1999

Sensitive testing has been widely employed for many years in connection with the development and evaluation explosives detonation devices and propellants. Perhaps its earliest and possibly most important implementation was in biological studies of dosage mortality and response to drugs. Recently sensitivity experiments has been employed in the evaluation of new materials subject to stress in various environments and in delineanation of unstable combustion regions in chemical propulsion systems. This paper discussed a sta-tistical development of sensitivity testing.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.219-222
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• 1998

This paper presents the Mixed H2/H$\infty$ controller design method with the regional pole placements for underwater vehicle. Since the small and light underwater vehicle is sensitive to disturbances and parameter uncertainties, we design the controller which guarantees robustness against time-delays, parameter uncertainties and disturbances. The LMI(linear matrix inequality) formulations for pole placements in specific regions and H2 and H$\infty$ performances are reviewed. The desired controller can be obtained by solving these LMIs.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.45-53
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• 1979

Bone scans with $^{99m}Tc$-MDP (methylene diphosphonate) was analysed in 112 patients with various type of biopsy proven malignant tumor who visited Seoul National University Hospital from March 1979 to August 1979. The results were as follows; 1. Of the 112 cases, bone scans were positive in 61 cases (54.1%), while only 27 cases (24.1%) were positive in roentgenogram. 2. Of the 61 cases with positive bone scan, bone metastases were found in 25 cases by roentgenogram. Of the 51 cases with negative bone scan, bone metastasis was found in only 1 case by roentgenogram. 3. In comparison of bone scan and roentgenogram by number of regions, 137 regions were positive in bone scan or roentgenogram. Of these, 46 regions (33.5%) were both bone scan and roentgenogram positive, 89 regions (65.0%) were bone scan positive roentgenogram negative, and 2 regions were bone scan negative roentgenogram positive. 4. Bone scan and roentgenographic findings had significant correlation with the presence of bone pain but no significant correlation with the elevated level of serum alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, Ca, and P. From above result, we found that bone scan was more sensitive than roentgenogram in early detection of bone metastasis in malignant tumors.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.93-103
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• 2020

In this study, we estimated soil moisture values using the Deep Neural Network(DNN) scheme at the mountainous regions. In order to test the sensitive analysis of DNN scheme, we collected the measured(at the soil depths of 10 cm and 30 cm) soil moisture and DNN input(weather and land surface) data at the Pyeongchang-gun(relatively flat) and Geochang-gun(steep slope) sites. Our findings indicated that the soil moisture estimates were sensitive to the weather variables(5 days-averaged rainfall, 5 days precedent rainfall, accumlated rainfall) and DEM. These findings showed that the DEM and weather variables play the key role in the processes of soil water flow at the mountainous regions. We estimated the soil moisture values at the soil depths of 10 cm and 30 cm using DNN at two study sites under different climate-landsurface conditions. The estimated soil moisture(R: 0.890 and RMSE: 0.041) values at the soil depth of 10 cm were comparable with the measured data in Pyeongchang-gun site while the soil moisture estimates(R: 0.843 and RMSE: 0.048) at the soil depth of 30 cm were relatively biased. The DNN-based soil moisture values(R: 0.997/0.995 and RMSE: 0.014/0.006) at the soil depth of 10 cm/30 cm matched well with the measured data in Geochang-gun site. Although uncertainties exist in the results, our findings indicated that the DNN-based soil moisture estimation scheme demonstrated the good performance in estimating soil moisture values using weather and land surface information at the monitoring sites. Our proposed scheme can be useful for efficient land surface management in various areas such as agriculture, forest hydrology, etc.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.403-413
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• 2005

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the responses to positive/negative emotional stimuli for the different sensitivities of behavioral activation system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS). We recorded If-channel EEG data for 8 BAS sensitive subjects an48 BIS sensitive subjects. EEGs were analyzed with LORETA (Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography) From scalp-recorded electrical potential distribution, LORETA computes the three-dimensional intracerebral distributions of current density for specified EEG frequency bands. hs results , significant differences between the BAS sensitive group ant the BIS sensitive group appeared LORETA alpha activities over the prefrontal lobe and the cingulate gyrus. Prefrontal regions and limbic system including cingulate gyrus are involved in emotional processing. Moreover, subjects with the high BAS sensitivity. responded more sensitively to the positive stimulation than subjects with the high BIS sensitivity. Therefore, our results suggest the possibility of correlation between BAS/BIS sensitivity and positive/negative emotional stimuli.

• Atmosphere
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.163-172
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• 2011

Numerical forecasting depends on the initial condition error strongly because numerical model is a chaotic system. To calculate the sensitivity of some forecast aspects to the initial condition in the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) Unified Model (UM) which is originated from United Kingdom (UK) Meteorological Office (MO), an algorithm to calculate adjoint sensitivities is developed by modifying the adjoint perturbation forecast model in the KMA UM. Then the new algorithm is used to calculate adjoint sensitivity distributions for typhoon DIANMU (201004). Major initial adjoint sensitivities calculated for the 48 h forecast error are located horizontally in the rear right quadrant relative to the typhoon motion, which is related with the inflow regions of the environmental flow into the typhoon, similar to the sensitive structures in the previous studies. Because of the upward wave energy propagation, the major sensitivities at the initial time located in the low to mid- troposphere propagate upward to the upper troposphere where the maximum of the forecast error is located. The kinetic energy is dominant for both the initial adjoint sensitivity and forecast error of the typhoon DIANMU. The horizontal and vertical energy distributions of the adjoint sensitivity for the typhoon DIANMU are consistent with those for other typhoons using other models, indicating that the tools for calculating the adjoint sensitivity in the KMA UM is credible.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.1588-1595
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• 2006

In this paper, we proposed a liver extracting procedure for computer aided liver diagnosis system. Extraction of liver region in an abdominal CT image is difficult due to interferences of other organs. For this reason, liver region is extracted in a region of interest(ROI). ROI is selected by the window which can measure the distribution of Hounsfield Unit(HU) value of liver region in an abdominal CT image. The distribution is measured by an existential probability of HU value of lever region in the window. If the probability of any window is over 50%, the center point of the window would be assigned to ROI. Actually, liver region is not clearly discerned from the adjacent organs like muscle, spleen, and pancreas in an abdominal CT image. Liver region is extracted by the watershed segmentation algorithm which is effective in this situation. Because it is very sensitive to the slight valiance of contrast, it generally produces over segmentation regions. Therefore these regions are required to merge into the significant regions for optimal segmentation. Finally, a liver region can be selected and extracted by prier information based on anatomic information.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

Developing an animal model for a specific disease is very important in the understanding of the underlying mechanism of the disease and allows testing of newly developed new drugs before human application. However, which of the plethora of experimental animal species to use in model development can be perplexing. Administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a very well known method to induce the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in mice. But, there is very limited information about the different sensitivities to MPTP among mouse strains. Here, we tested three different mouse strains (C57BL/6, Balb-C, and ICR) as a Parkinsonian model by repeated MPTP injections. In addition to behavioral analysis, endogenous levels of dopamine and tetrahydrobiopterin in mice brain regions, such as striatum, substantia nigra, and hippocampus were directly quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Repeated administrations of MPTP significantly affected the moving distances and rearing frequencies in all three mouse strains. The endogenous dopamine concentrations and expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase were significantly decreased after the repeated injections, but tetrahydrobiopterin did not change in analyzed brain regions. However, susceptibilities of the mice to MPTP were differed based on the degree of behavioral change, dopamine concentration in brain regions, and expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, with C57BL/6 and Balb-C mice being more sensitive to the dopaminergic neuronal toxicity of MPTP than ICR mice.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.8
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• pp.68-76
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• 1998

In this paper, a new morphological image segmentation algorithm of hierarchical structure by binary split is proposed. It splits a region with the lowest quality into two regions using only two markers having the highest contrast. Therefore, it improves the quality of image with limited regions and reduces contour information which is not sensitive to human visual system, when compared with the conventional algorithm. It is appropriate to PSTN, LAN, and mobile networks, of which the available transmission bandwidth is very limited, because the number of regions can be controlled. And the proposed algorithm shows very simple structure because it doesn't need post processing to eliminate small regions and reduces much computation by using only structuring element of small size at simplification step of each hierarchical structure when compared with the conventional algorithm.