• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to explore the reasons why college students use Facebook and the ways in which they feel of social presence while using Facebook. In fact, the study aimed to specify the links between motivations for using SNS and a sense of 'being together'. The findings of this study suggest that major motivations of SNS use were social interaction, entertainment, self-presentation, and information-seeking. Specifically, results from a survey of 280 respondents revealed that college students used Facebook to seek maintenance and connection with friends, to express themselves, to get information about school activities, and to be entertained. These findings are consistent with the existing literature regarding SNS as a primary channel to maintain the existing social relationships among college students. The study also found that all motivation factors, except information-seeking factor, were positively and significantly related to social presence. The strongest correlations were between social presence and Facebook use for social interaction and entertainment needs. It seemed that users who seek social interaction and entertainment needs are more likely to feel a sense of being with others while users who seek to get information are less likely to feel a sense of social presence. These findings implied that to some extent, a sense of social presence occurs in the context of Facebook and that the experience of social presence depends on what college students seek from Facebook use. In addition, the results showed a positive relationship between Facebook use and social presence; the more college students use Facebook, the more they are likely to experience sense of social presence. Given that Facebook provides college students with a place where they can share thought and feelings among friends, it can be concluded that Facebook contributes to the sense of belonging among users. And such feeling may enhance a sense of presence with others while using Facebook. These findings suggest that uses and gratifications researchers should consider the concept of social presence as an important variable in explaining what audience members do with media.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3436-3443
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• 2012

본 연구는 사이버학습환경에서 학급공동체의식과 사회적 실재감이 학습만족도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 D광역시 M초등학교 6학년 사이버가정학습 학습자 172명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 데이터를 수집하였으며 학급공동체의식, 사회적 실재감과 학습만족도와의 관계를 알아보기 위해 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 학급공동체의식과 사회적 실재감, 학습만족도 간에는 의의 있는 상관관계가 나타났고, 학급공동체 의식이 학습만족도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 초등 사이버학습환경에서 학급공동체의식은 학습자의 학습만족도 향상을 위해 중요하게 고려해야 할 변인임을 시사한다. 이에 향후 사이버학습환경을 구성할 때 학급공동체의식을 높이기 위한 교수설계 전략이 요구된다.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.200-218
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• 2004

Online game business has emerged as the most lucrative entertainment industry, with over 10 million players in South Korea. The popularity of online games can be attributed to the availability of broadband network and the presence of numerous PC Bangs and around the country, which have pushed online games into the mainstream entertainment culture. The age distribution of online game players is expanding and a variety of new games are under development to target certain age groups. While the interactive entertainment market continues to expand, with many new online game publishers entering the market, relatively little is known about which factors influence online game players' behavioral intentions to play continuously in this area. It appears that in this extremely attractive and growing services segment, academics, as well as practitioners, would benefit from investigating the relationships among the players' loyalty, interactivity, the sense of presence and the impacts of several other key game-related constructs. Several types of interaction in on-line games and their relationship with the flow construct are investigated, and the resulting conceptual model is proposed. Based on data collected from online questionnaire survey, the validity of the simultaneous equation model has been tested and interesting conclusions have been developed concerning the relationships between the players' loyalty to the sense of presence flow, satisfaction and interactions. Other interesting results concerning game development strategy are also provided.

• 경영과학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.47-66
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• 2005

Online game business has emerged as the most lucrative entertainment Industry, with over 10 million players in South Korea. The popularity of online games can be attributed to the availability of broadband network and the presence of numerous PC Bangs and around the country, which have pushed online games Into the main-stream entertainment culture. The age distribution of online game players is expanding and a variety of new games are under development to target certain age groups. While the interactive entertainment market continues to expand, with many new online game publishers entering the market, relatively little is known about which factors influence online game players' behavioral intentions to play continuously in this area. It appears that in this extremely attractive and growing services segment, academics, as well as practitioners, would benefit from in vestigating the relationships among the players' loyalty, interactivity, the sense of presence and the impacts of several other key game-related constructs. Several types of interaction in on-line games and their relationship with the flow construct are investigated, and the resulting conceptual model is proposed. Based on data collected from online questionnaire survey, the validity of the simultaneous equation model has been tested and interesting conclusions have been developed concerning the relationships between the players' loyalty to the sense of presence, flow, satisfaction and interactions. Other interesting results concerning game development strategy are also provided.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 8th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.137-145
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• 2020

Providing safety training to construction workers is essential to reduce safety accidents at the construction site. With the prosperity of visualization technologies, Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) has been adopted for construction safety training by providing interactive learning experiences in a virtual environment. Previous research efforts on IVR-based training have found that the level of fidelity of interaction between real and virtual worlds is one of the important factors contributing to the sense of presence that would affect training performance. Various interactive devices that link activities between real and virtual worlds have been applied in IVR-based training, ranging from existing computer input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, joystick, etc.) to specially designed devices such as high-end VR simulators. However, the need for high-fidelity interactive devices may hinder the applicability of IVR-based training as they would be more expensive than IVR headsets. In this regard, this study aims to understand the impact of the level of fidelity of interactive devices in the sense of presence in a virtual environment and the training performance during IVR-based forklift safety training. We conducted a comparative study by recruiting sixty participants, splitting them into two groups, and then providing different interactive devices such as a keyboard for a low fidelity group and a steering wheel and pedals for a high-fidelity group. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the sense of presence and task performance. These results indicate that the use of low-fidelity interactive devices would be acceptable for IVR-based safety training as safety training focuses on delivering safety knowledge, and thus would be different from skill transferring training that may need more realistic interaction between real and virtual worlds.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.113-116
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• 2020

본 논문은 360도 동영상과 감각효과(Sensorial Effects)가 피실험자의 몰입도, 만족도, 실재감에 미치는 영향을 측정하기 위한 사용자 경험(Quality of Experience: QoE) 평가 실험 방법을 제안한다. 피실험자는 발향장치가 부착된 헤드 마운티드 디스플레이(Head Mounted Display: HMD)를 착용한 상태에서 감각효과가 동반된 360도 동영상을 경험한 후, 몰입도, 만족도, 실재감에 대한 설문에 응답한다. 응답 분석 결과 제안된 실험방법이 360도 VR 동영상과 감각효과에 대한 피실험자의 몰입도, 만족도, 실재감 등을 측정하기에 적합한 실험 방법임을 확인하였다. 반면, 360도 동영상을 시청하는 도중 비교 실험을 위한 회색 화면을 삽입하게 되면 몰입도와 실재감에 상당한 저하를 일으키는 것으로 파악되었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.345-358
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• 1997

This study investigated the pattern of division of household labor between married couples and the determining variables of the division of household work. In addition, this study examined the effect of the pattern of the division of household work and the sense of fairness on marital satisfaction. Two hundreds forty two married couples living near seoul were selected. Both wives and husbands reported their daily time-use pattern. According to the results, flexibility of husbands' work schedules hours of market work of husbands, husbands' sex role attitudes, and the presence of household assistant affected significantly on the extent of household work time. In addition, husbands' household work time had direct effects on marital satisfaction of couples. In wives' hours of household labor, the significant variables were wives' employment status, presence of younger children, total income, wives' sex role attitudes, and hours of household labor performed by housework assistant. In addition, wives' sense of fairness had impact significantly on marital satisfaction.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of "resident participatory education programs". This study methods was that applied this education programs to the residents of the fishing village after develop of education programs, and was surveyed to ninety five residents of these. As a result of the survey, "community attachment" and "sense of community" showed statistically significant differences from consciousness before and after education. Also, difference of residents consciousness according to the presence or absence of an education showed the same trend too. And, If in the presence or absence of the educational experience, residents consciousness was improved after the education programs. In other words, an education programs applied to in this study can be said to effective to that raise awareness of the residents. And this can be said to contribute in empowerment too.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2019

Purpose: This study simulates cardiac arrest situations in 360° virtual reality video clips and general video clips, and compares the correlations between educational media and experience recognition. Methods: Experimental research was carried out on a random control group (n=32) and experimental group (n=32) on March 20, 2019. Results: The groups where participants were trained with the 360° virtual reality video clips and a higher score of experience recognition (p=.047) than the group where participants were trained with the general video clips. Moreover, the subfactors of experience recognition including the sense of presence and vividness (p=.05), immersion (p<.05). experience (p<.01), fantasy factor (p<.05). and content satisfaction (p<.05) were positively correlated. Conclusion: Enhancing vividness and the sense of presence when developing virtual reality videos recorded with a 360° camera is thought to enable experience recognition without any direct interaction.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-57
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• 2009

Cognitive presence, a sense of "being there" cognitively, has recently been considered as an important indicator for students' engagement in e-learning. There is, however, no widely accepted scale to measure the level of cognitive presence since most studies have put their effort to set and clarify the conceptual framework with qualitative methodology. This study reviewed existing theories on cognitive presence and related fields extensively and developed a new self-report scale for measuring the conceived level of cognitive presence. The reliability and validity of the scale was tested against 723 undergraduate students in two consecutive studies, 418 in the preliminary and 305 in the follow-up study. Three major constructs to measure the perceived level of cognitive presence were: 1) clear understanding, 2) knowledge construction, and 3) learning management. This paper reports the final results of the two independent studies.