• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.171-181
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• 2010

Semivolatile aerosols exist as vapor and particles at the same time in room temperature and each phase has different intake and uptake mechanisms. This characteristic requires substantial consideration during exposure assessment of semivolatile aerosol. Some sampling methods for solid particles pose high possibility of evaporative loss during sampling. Therefore, when establishing sampling strategy for them, the factors affecting the phase distribution of semivolatile aerosol should be counted including semivolatile aerosol of interest and sampling methods used. Evaluation for phase distributions of semivolatile aerosols is also recommended. Metalworking fluids, pesticides, asphalt fumes, diesel exhaust, and environmental tobacco smoke are common health-related semivolatile aerosols in workplaces.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.152-160
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• 2013

Seven potentially harmful bifunctional carbonyls were measured in particulate and gaseous phases at a roadside site and a suburban site in an area about 30 km north-northwest from Tokyo metropolitan area in the Kanto region in Japan. For the first time, these compounds were measured in both phases with a time resolution of 2 h. We found that wind direction is an important parameter that affects the collection of these compounds near the source, and it can cover the effects of other important variables. Our results confirmed that motor vehicles and especially diesel fuelled vehicles are important sources of these compounds. Photochemical generation is also an important source of these compounds in the gaseous phase. Transportation from the urban area is also important, particularly in the aerosol phase.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.131-157
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• 2016

A smog chamber has been an effective tool to study air quality, particularly secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which is typically formed by atmospheric oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In controlled environments, smog chamber studies have validated atmospheric oxidation by identifying, quantifying and monitoring products with state-of-art instruments (e.g., aerosol mass spectrometer, scanning mobility particle sizer) and provided chemical insights of SOA formation by elucidating reaction mechanisms. This paper reviews types of smog chambers and the current state of smog chamber studies that have accomplished to find pathways of SOA formation, focusing on gas-particle partitioning of semivolatile products of VOC oxidation, heterogeneous reactions on aerosol surface, and aqueous chemistry in aerosol waters (e.g., cloud/fog droplets and wet aerosols). For future chamber studies, then, this paper discusses potential formation pathways of fine particles that East Asia countries (e.g., Korea and China) currently suffer from due to massive formation that gives rise to fatal health problems.