• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.307-326
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• 2007

The aim of this paper is to introduce and study topological properties of semi-limit points, semi-derived, semi-interior, semi-closure, semi-border, and semi-frontier of a set using the concept of semi-open set.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Purpose: This study analyses the current development of cross-border e-commerce in China, outlines the challenges faced by Chinese cross-border e-commerce SMEs, and finally summarises the development strategies of Chinese cross-border e-commerce SMEs in the post-covid-19 era, which will provide opinion references for the development of Chinese cross-border e-commerce SMEs. Research design, data and methodology: The methodology used in this study is to analyse the current situation of cross-border e-commerce development in China in the context of covid-19 through literature; and to summarise the challenges encountered by Chinese cross-border e-commerce SMEs through semi-structured interviews. Results: The article summarises the current status of China's cross-border e-commerce development in the context of covid-19 in terms of cross-border e-commerce trade volume, cross-border e-commerce enterprise and user scale, cross-border e-commerce logistics, cross-border e-commerce global co-operation, government policy, and cross-border e-commerce product distribution, outlining challenges encountered by China's cross-border e-commerce SMEs in terms of logistic pricing, operating capital chain, product service support, and trade protection The paper Finally, it is pointed out that Chinese cross-border e-commerce SMEs must adopt new strategies to adapt to the new development in the context of covid-19. Conclusions: Specific development strategies are provided for Chinese cross-border e-commerce enterprises and reference suggestions are provided for the post-covid-19 era.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 1998.03a
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• pp.100-105
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• 1998

Image processing was used to recognize parts at various disposition. Non-transpatent tachometer panel for automobile and semi-transparent panel have been used as test specimen. Laplacian filter and various threshold values have been applied for preprocessing and edge following algorithm has been applied. Series of length data between edges have been generated from each image and compared using cross correlation coefficient. The result using cross correlation coefficient. The result using both edge following and cross correlation coefficient was proven to be the best fit for the proposed parts.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.98-105
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• 2020

By the gravimetric method at atmospheric pressure, the solubility of two α-amino acids was resolved over temperatures from (293.15 to 323.15) K. The α-amino acids studied were L-arginine and L-histidine. Results showed a salting-out effect on the solubility of the tested amino compounds. It is obvious that there was an increase in the solubility, in aqueous chloride solutions, with the increasing temperature. Results were translated regarding the salt hydration shells and the ability of the solute to form hydrogen-bond with water. The solubility data was precisely associated with a semi-empirical equation. The standard molar Gibbs free energies of transfer of selected α-amino compounds (Δ_trG^o) from pure water to aqueous solutions of the chloride salts have been calculated from the solubility data. The decrease in solubility is correlated to the positive (Δ_trG^o) value which is most part of the enthalpic origin.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2008

Sudan is the largest country in Africa with an area of $2,505,810km^2$, of water constitutes $129,810km^2$, and cultivable land is 34%. Sudan has a total land boundary of 7,687 km with 9 border countries. This vast country embraces different vegetation patterns reflecting various climatic zones, grading from tropical rain forests in the south through semi-tropical savannah to arid zone in the extreme north, with annual rainfall ranging from 1,600 mm in the south to 25 mm in the north. The aquaculture industry is not developed as yet. Because of their basic characteristics, the Sudan inland and marine capture fisheries are of a small-scale and semi-industrial nature. The demand for fish and fish preparations is growing steadily. The animal resources sector (which includes fisheries) contributes 21% of Sudan GDP. The contribution of fisheries to Sudanese GDP is currently marginal. The per caput supply is only 1.6 kg/year, which is mostly obtained by capture fish landings. Despite the fact that fisheries GDP is extremely low, fish and fish preparations contribute to the food security of a wide sector of the rural and urban communities. Fisheries also provide work opportunities in the form of secondary employment as a source of income that indirectly contributes to household food security.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.348-354
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• 2017

Agroforestry has been practiced in arid and semi-arid regions for the purposes of preventing desertification and to increase income for locals. However, the intended effects of such practices have been limited due to strong winds and aridity. This study undertook multi-year monitoring of the productivity of income crops associated with windbreak planting in a semi-arid region of Mongolia, and explored strategies of windbreak planning to enhance the multi-purpose effects of agroforestry practices. The tree crown density of windbreak planting was on average 40% in one year after planting and 65% 2-3 years after, and thereby windspeeds were reduced by about 30% and 54%, respectively. Average windspeed reductions at leeward distances from the windbreak planting were approximately 60% within 3H (H=tree height), 50% at 5H, and 42% at 7-9H, presenting a pattern in which the farther the distance the less the reduction in windspeeds. The windbreak planting increased crop productivity by up to 6.8 times, compared to the productivity absent of windbreaks. Increases in the crown density as stated above resulted in increases of crop productivity by up to 3.6 times. Based on such results, this study proposed a model of windbreak planning as a typical land-use system of border windbreak planting or alternate windbreak planting of combining trees and income crops. The model also included tree planting with a crown density of 60% and allocation of income crops within a leeward distance of 5 times the height of the trees to reduce windspeeds by about 50%. The results from this study are applicable to practicing agroforestry not only at the study site but also in other regions worldwide where strong winds and aridity are problematic.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.19-24
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• 2007

This study attempts to examine and to analyze the characteristics of transparent materials and its methods to apply in space. the ability to see through a physical element, whether it is clear glass, sandblasted acrylic, or a delicate fabric, can have a dramatic and sensory effect on the overall perception of a space. The various range of Transparent materials and product in glass, plastic, fabric, and grid now gives us the potential to maximize the flow of light in our enclosed space. This research will explore how transparent, translucent, and semi-opaque elements can be used within the interior with full range of see-through materials. The transparent materials can be divided in two level - as structural elements and as stylish accessories. A glass partition or floor, metal mesh stairs can create divisions or link one space to another while maintaining effective levels of natural light. there is also various level of products from glass chair to basin. With the enthusiasm for using transparent materials, transparent materials will be more decorative and powerful application while still maximize the highest possible flow of light.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.460-470
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• 1985

Experiments were carried out to evaluate the standard gravity in determining potential kernel size and to determine the effective sampling way by analyzing intra - and inter - plant variations for some source and sink characters using eleven semi-dwarf indica and three japonica cultivars including four semi-dwarf indica nearisogenic lines. Also, additional experiments were conducted to understand yearly variation and variety x year interaction effects for ten characters related to source and sink and to characterize the varietal difference of pre- and post-heading self-competition employing three parental varieties and their F$\sub$5/ progenies in 1982 and 1983. It is desirable to determine the potential kernel size by average kernel wight of rice grains showing above 1.15 specific gravity. There was significant difference in leaf area per tiller, spikelets and sink capacity per panicle among vigorous, intermediate and inferior tillers classified by differentiated order and vigorousness. Although it was difficult to find out any significant difference in grain-fill ratio, ratio of perfectly ripened grain, potential kernel size and sink/source ratio between vigorous and intermediate tillers, there was big difference between them and inferior one. The coefficients of variation within each tiller-group for some characters related to source and sink were larger with the order of vigorous tillers < intermediate one '||'&'||'lt; inferior one, and the average heritability of all characters, evaluated by the ratio of varietal variance (equation omitted) to total variance (equation omitted), were higher with the order of inferior tillers '||'&'||'lt; intemediate one '||'&'||'lt; superior one. Therefore, it is desirable to sample the vigorous tillers to represent the varietal difference of these traits. '82-'83 year variations of three parental cultivars were significant for all traits except for leaf area/tiller, panicles/hill, leaf area index and rough rice yield. The characters showing highly significant variance of variety x year interaction were growth duration from transplanting to heading, leaf area/tiller, sink/source ratio, sink capacity/panicle and grain yield. Generalized yearly response of three parental varieties (Suweon 264, Raegyeong, IR1317-70-l) and their F$\sub$5/ progenies on the 1st and 2nd principal components extracted from ten source and sink characters generally exhibited reduction in both source and sink. However, there were diverse variety x year interactions such as progenies showing similar reaction with their parents and intermediate or recombinational yearly response with little or considerable yearly movement on the four-dimensional planes of the two upper principal components between 1982 and 1983. Sink characters revealing highly significant border effect were grain-fill ratio, spikelets and sink capacity per panicle. Among them the latter two especially showed significant variety x border effect interaction. Self-competition characterized by relative weakness of inside plant's sink characters compared to the border one was more severe during the reproductive stage before heading than maturing stage. Though the larger sink capacity per panicle generally disclosed the severer self-competition, some lines (like Suweon 264) revealed severe self-competition with small sink capacity while a few others showed tender self-competition in spite of big sink capacity per panicle.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.225-230
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• 2004

The impact of slash and burning on microbial biomass C, N and P in soils of semi-evergreen tropical deciduous forest were studied from February 1999 to January 2000. The experimental sites were located near Moreh town in the Chandel district of Manipur state (India) along the Indo-Myanmar border between 23° 49' N-24°28'N latitude and 93°45'E-94°16'E longitude. Microbial biomass C ranged from 319.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ 905.50㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 209.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 708.80 ㎍ g/sup -1/ soil in the forest site. Microbial N ranged from 19.30 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 99.45 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 16.08㎍ g/sup -1/ to 88.90 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the forest site. Microbial P varied from 10.90 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 32.21 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 2.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 17.60 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the forest site in different months throughout the year. Microbial biomass C, N and P were recorded to be higher in the slash and burnt site compared to the forest site The conversion of forest into slash and burnt site for agriculture - the traditional shilling cultivation practiced by tribal people in the north- eastern India leads to addition of large amount of organic matter in the soil thereby exhibiting higher values of microbial biomass C, N and P in the recent slash and burnt site than that of the forest site. Relationship between the soil moisture, soil organic C and microbial biomass C, N and P were found to be correlated significantly in both the sites.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.461-475
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• 2007

To understand the changing regionality of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture(YKAP) in China within the world-economy, this paper examined the spatial division of labor in agriculture and industry with three divisions of period through the regional geography of world-system In the Japanese colonial period(l909$\sim$1949), the YKAP was made into a typical peripheral agricultural and industrial region which was exploited by the Japanese empire. In the socialist period(1949$\sim$1978) which China separated from the world-system, the YKAP was transformed into a socialistic agricultural and industrial region. In the reform and open-door period(1978$\sim$present), the YKAP still plays a role as a peripheral region due to the late open-door policy in 1992 of Chinese government on the border land and else, while most littoral areas of China are developed into a semi-peripheral region. Therefore if the YKAP continues to exist in the future, it is a critical matter to raise the position of the YKAP within the world-economy into a semi-periphery as soon as possible to increase the ratio of Korean ethnic in the YKAP.