• Language and Information
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.69-92
• /
• 2005

Pattern recognition in cognitive agents is based on (i) the uninterpreted input data (e.g. parameter values) provided by the agent's hardware devices and (ii) and interpreted patterns (e.g. templates) provided by the agent's memory. Computationally, the task consists in finding the memory data corresponding best to the input data, for any given input. Once the best fitting memory data have been found, the input is recognized by applying to it the interpretation which happens to be stored with the memorized pattern. This paper presents a fast converging procedure which starts from a few initially recognized items and then analyzes the remainder of the input by systematically checking for items shown by memory to have been related to the initial items in previous encounters. In this way, known patterns are tried first, and only when they have been exhausted, an elementary exploration of the input is commenced. Efficiency is improved further by choosing the candidate to be tested next according to frequency.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.12 no.8
• /
• pp.3790-3803
• /
• 2018

Content-based image retrieval is an approach used to query images based on their semantics. Semantic based retrieval has its application in all fields including medicine, space, computing etc. Semantically generated binary hash codes can improve content-based image retrieval. These semantic labels / binary hash codes can be generated from unlabeled data using convolutional autoencoders. Proposed approach uses semi-supervised deep hashing with semantic learning and binary code generation by minimizing the objective function. Convolutional autoencoders are basis to extract semantic features due to its property of image generation from low level semantic representations. These representations of images are more effective than simple feature extraction and can preserve better semantic information. Proposed activation and loss functions helped to minimize classification error and produce better hash codes. Most widely used datasets have been used for verification of this approach that outperforms the existing methods.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.3B
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2005

The diagram has a intuition and simplicity So, it is widely used in various fields in current computing environment. But, because of the absence of a standard diagram specification method, we have difficulty in exchanging the diagram data between different diagram software and besides, we spend much money and time to code diagram component, rules and semantics to which diagram would be applied. So We propose a method for defining diagram component's shapes and actions, diagram's rules and semantics using XML. And We design and implement the diagram system which execute XML document specifying diagram. In the diagram system, We can define diagram component in WISWIG manner and generate DML document automatically. So We can develop diagram system more efficiently. And by defining diagram rules using DTD, we also achieve the consistency of DTD meaning. And We propose Semantic Definition XML for specifying diagram semantics. So, diagram sentence which drawn by users could be given semantics and executed in diagram system. In this thesis, many VPL(Visual Programming Language) concepts were adopted to implement diagram system environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.231-235
• /
• 2001

Language is not abstract. We use language to communicate out thoughts and emotions. Films are the most public form of arts, where language is all essential part; however, there have been, if any, few films the main theme of which is language. Although language may not be the main theme of films, we can find many kinds of information relating to language and linguistics by careful examination. In reference to some films, we can talk about subjects in the fields of theoretical linguistics such as phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. In addition, subjects in applied linguistics such as sociolinguistics and computational linguistics may be discussed with reference to other films.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 2007

The information in physical planning field shows the socio-economic potentials of land resources while cadastral data does the physical and legal realities of the land. The two domains commonly deal with land information but have different views. Cadastre has to evolved to the multi-purpose ones which provide value-added information and support a wide spectrum of decision makers by mixing their own information with other spatial/non-spatial databases. In this context, the demands of data exchange between the two domains is growing up but this cannot be done without resolving the heterogeneity between the two information applications. Both of either discipline sees the reality within its own scope, which means each has a unique way to abstract real world phenomena to the database. The heterogeneity problem emerges when an GIS is autonomously and independently established. It causes considerable communication difficulties since heterogeneity of representations forms unique data semantics for each database. The semantic heterogeneity obviously creates an obstacle to data exchange but, at the same time, it can be a key to solve the problems too. Therefore, the study focuses on facilitating data sharing between the fields of cadastre and physical planning by resolving the semantic heterogeneity. The core job is developing a conversion mechanism of cadastral data into the information for the physical planning by DB coupling techniques.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.162-168
• /
• 2023

This article presents an examination of the major cognitive-semantic theories in linguistics (Langacker, Lakoff, Fillmore, Croft). The CST's foundations are discussed concerning the educational policy changes, which are necessary to improve the linguistic disciplines in the changing context of higher education, as well as the empowerment and development of the industry. It is relevant in the light of the linguistic specialists' quality training and the development of effective methods of language learning. Consideration of the theories content, tools, and methods of language teaching, which are an important component of quality teaching and the formation of a set of knowledge and skills of students of linguistic specialties, remains crucial. This study aims to establish the main theoretical positions and directions of cognitive-semantic theory in linguistics, determine the usefulness of teaching the basics of cognitive linguistics, the feasibility of using methods of cognitive-semantic nature in the learning process. During the research, the methods of linguistic description and observation, analysis, and synthesis were applied. The result of the study is to establish the need to study basic linguistic theories, as well as general theoretical precepts of cognitive linguistics, which remains one of the effective directions in the postmodern mainstream. It also clarifies the place of the main cognitive-semantic theories in the teaching linguistics' practice of the XXI century.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.28 no.12
• /
• pp.921-929
• /
• 2001

OCL was used in the UML Semantics document to specify the well-formedness rules of the UML metarmodel. UML was extended to apply it to system developments of several fields, for example real-time UML and web applications with UML. In particular the dependability is important in designing and building hard real-time system. Thus OCL is needed to express real-time UML formally and so it must extended. In this paper, we extend OCL to define event-driven real-time OCL to the development of Nrcl simulator.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2007.03a
• /
• pp.356-365
• /
• 2007

The development in the design process is usually based on the choice of a method for designing the system, in which this method is frequently faced with tightening environmental requirements, reducing development cycle times and growing complexity. To tackle such factors, the paper proposes a comprehensive approach focusing on applying systems engineering approach to the building design support. In particular, this paper addresses all capabilities of using some available systems engineering standards (like EIA-632) in the design process. Then, a methodological approach is proposed for the practice of requirements engineering by applying quality assessment and control to design in early phase. The paradigm used, here is to extend and particularly to adapt the work carried out in military and space systems to modern building services by taking into account the semantics of buildings in terms of different engineering fields and architecture issues.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
• /
• 1997.10a
• /
• pp.455-462
• /
• 1997

SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language) is the ISO standard fer describing the logical structure of documents and is also adopted as the CALS standard for document description. Since then, there have been growing interests in SGML application in a variety of fields. However because SGML doesn't provide a standard method for describing various processing informations, ie, formatting and transformation, most applications have applied methods that are system dependent. Recently, ISO defined DSSSL(Document Style Semantics and Specification Language) as a standard mechanism to specify the formatting, transformation and retrieval of structured documents. Therefore, in this paper, we present a DSSSL processing system far style control of structured documents such as SGML documents. The system processes DSSSL style sheet that describes layout of documents and browses the result of its application to a SGML document. We have conducted tests on a lot of SGML documents and DSSSL style sheets successfully. Now, we are developing the SGML document management system that supports creation, editing, storage and retrieval of SGML document based upon the DSSSL processor and the SGML parser which we have developed.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.111-123
• /
• 2013

Semantic similarity/relatedness measure between two concepts plays an important role in research on system integration and database integration. Moreover, current research on keyword recommendation or tag clustering strongly depends on this kind of semantic measure. For this reason, many researchers in various fields including computer science and computational linguistics have tried to improve methods to calculating semantic similarity/relatedness measure. This study of similarity between concepts is meant to discover how a computational process can model the action of a human to determine the relationship between two concepts. Most research on calculating semantic similarity usually uses ready-made reference knowledge such as semantic network and dictionary to measure concept similarity. The topological method is used to calculated relatedness or similarity between concepts based on various forms of a semantic network including a hierarchical taxonomy. This approach assumes that the semantic network reflects the human knowledge well. The nodes in a network represent concepts, and way to measure the conceptual similarity between two nodes are also regarded as ways to determine the conceptual similarity of two words(i.e,. two nodes in a network). Topological method can be categorized as node-based or edge-based, which are also called the information content approach and the conceptual distance approach, respectively. The node-based approach is used to calculate similarity between concepts based on how much information the two concepts share in terms of a semantic network or taxonomy while edge-based approach estimates the distance between the nodes that correspond to the concepts being compared. Both of two approaches have assumed that the semantic network is static. That means topological approach has not considered the change of semantic relation between concepts in semantic network. However, as information communication technologies make advantage in sharing knowledge among people, semantic relation between concepts in semantic network may change. To explain the change in semantic relation, we adopt the cognitive semantics. The basic assumption of cognitive semantics is that humans judge the semantic relation based on their cognition and understanding of concepts. This cognition and understanding is called 'World Knowledge.' World knowledge can be categorized as personal knowledge and cultural knowledge. Personal knowledge means the knowledge from personal experience. Everyone can have different Personal Knowledge of same concept. Cultural Knowledge is the knowledge shared by people who are living in the same culture or using the same language. People in the same culture have common understanding of specific concepts. Cultural knowledge can be the starting point of discussion about the change of semantic relation. If the culture shared by people changes for some reasons, the human's cultural knowledge may also change. Today's society and culture are changing at a past face, and the change of cultural knowledge is not negligible issues in the research on semantic relationship between concepts. In this paper, we propose the future directions of research on semantic similarity. In other words, we discuss that how the research on semantic similarity can reflect the change of semantic relation caused by the change of cultural knowledge. We suggest three direction of future research on semantic similarity. First, the research should include the versioning and update methodology for semantic network. Second, semantic network which is dynamically generated can be used for the calculation of semantic similarity between concepts. If the researcher can develop the methodology to extract the semantic network from given knowledge base in real time, this approach can solve many problems related to the change of semantic relation. Third, the statistical approach based on corpus analysis can be an alternative for the method using semantic network. We believe that these proposed research direction can be the milestone of the research on semantic relation.