• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.24
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• pp.10809-10812
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• 2015

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing is an effective method to screen for precancerous changes in the cervix. Samples from self-collection rather than Pap smear can potentially be used to test for HPV as they are more acceptable and preferred for use in certain settings. The objective of this study was to compare HPV DNA testing from self-collected vaginal swabs and physician-collected cervical swabs. Materials and Methods: A total of 101 self-collected vaginal and physician-collected cervical swabs of known cytology from Thai women were tested by electrochemical DNA chip assay. The specimens were divided into 4 groups: 29 with normal cytology, 14 with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 48 with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 10 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Results: Positive detection rates of HPV from self-collected swabs were similar to those from physician-collected swabs. Among specimens with abnormal cytology, HPV was found in 50% of self-collected swabs and 47.2% of physician-collected swabs. In specimens with normal cytology, 17.2% of self-collected swabs and 24.1% of physician-collected swabs were positive for HPV. Concordance was relatively high between results from self-collected and physician-collected samples. The most common HPV genotype detected was HPV 51. Conclusions: HPV DNA testing using self-collected swabs is a feasible alternative to encourage and increase screening for cervical cancer in a population who might otherwise avoid this important preventive examination due to embarrassment, discomfort, and anxiety.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1009-1016
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• 2013

Background: The benefits of physical activity are well established and recognized to prevent adults from many chronic diseases and particularly some forms of cancers. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the present status of physical activity among Saudi adults in Al-Ahsa, and to examine the association between the stages of change for physical activity and perceived barriers, and self efficacy. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 242 subjects (118 males and 124 females) attending health centers aged between 20-56 years, were personally interviewed for demographic data, anthropometric measurement, physical activity level, stages of change for physical activity, self efficacy and perceived barriers. Results: Forty eight percent of the females were overweight and 16.9% of the males were obese with no significant difference between the genders for BMI categories. More than half of the females were inactive and 39% of the males were physically active with a significant difference (P=0.007). Twenty percent of the males were in maintenance stage, while similar percentage of the females were in contemplation stage. However the majority of the subjects were in pre-contemplation stage with a significant difference across the stages. Males had a higher mean score of self efficacy and less external barriers of physical activity. The major barrier among the females was lack of time ($7.2{\pm}1.4$) and in the males, lack of motivation ($7.7{\pm}1.4$). The females had less internal ($21.2{\pm}3.8$) barriers comparable to the males ($23.08{\pm}4.7$). Both genders had a significant relationship between stages of changes of physical activity and perceived barriers (internal and external), but in the females no significant difference across the stages was observed for self efficacy unlike the males who had a significant difference for self efficacy and self efficacy categories. Conclusion: The present study provided useful data on stages of change for physical activity and some psychosocial factors (self efficacy and perceived barriers) that can help to tailor strategies aiming at increasing physical activity level according to self efficacy and to the barriers detected, to prevent many chronic diseases including certain types of cancer in Saudi Arabia.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1121-1134
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the self-perceived halitosis of adults and to utilize them as basic data for the development of prevention and management program to reduce of self-perceived halitosis. Methods: A questionnaire survey of 301 adults in their 20s and 50s living in Gwangju and Jeonnam selected by convenience sampling from July 1, 2017 to August 31, 2017 was conducted to investigate oral health status and behavior, fatigue and perceived stress. Statistical analysis was performed using frequency analysis, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The degree of self-perceived halitosis was higher in married (2.51) and unemployed (2.71), with tongue brushing (2.68), intention to participate in halitosis education (2.57), taking medication (2.73), coated tongue (2.82) and there was both otolaryngology and gastrointestinal disease (2.72) and periodontal disease (2.89) (p<0.05). Fatigue (${\beta}=0.237$), periodontal disease (${\beta}=0.196$), and coated tongue (${\beta}=0.237$) affect the self-perceived halitosis (p<0.001). Conclusions: The self-perceived halitosis in adults was correlated with fatigue and perceived stress. Also fatigue, periodontal disease, coated tongue factors were analyzed as factors influencing self-perceived halitosis. Additional studies such as prevention and management of periodontal disease and coated tongue, which is a factor of self-perceived halitosis in adults, and development of programs to reduce self-perceived halitosis for fatigue management, which is an external factor, are necessary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.511-512
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• 2007

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7925-7933
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• 2015

This study is nonequivalent control group pre/post-experiment research on stroke risk group to examine the effect of primary stroke prevention program on knowledge of stroke, stroke symptom coping behavior and self-management. The study was conducted from August 1 to 24, 2014 and the study data were collected form 19 subjects in the experiment group and 17 in the control group, who were registered with 2 community health centers in city S, province G. The experiment group followed the program developed by the researcher for 1 hour per session, twice a week for 4 weeks. The control group did not follow the program. For this study data analysis, the frequency, percentage, chi-squared and paired t-test were employed. After following the primary stroke prevention program, the knowledge of stroke was found to show no difference in scores between the two groups before and after the intervention (t=1.02, p=.315) whereas significant differences were found in stroke symptom coping behavior (t=2.51, p=.017) and self-management (t=2.32, p=.026). This study found positive effect of the primary stroke prevention program on stroke risk group's stroke symptom coping behavior and self-management but no effect on knowledge of stroke. Follow-up replication study will be necessary.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.47-60
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationship between self-efficacy and safety consciousness of health belief factors and how they affect the disaster prevention behavior of construction workers using TBM. To this end, a research model is presented that applies the main variables of the Health Belief Theory, a social psychological health behavior change model developed to predict and explain health-related behaviors. To empirically verify the research model of this study, a survey was conducted among construction workers who have experience in using TBMs for chemical plant construction. The results showed that, first, the perceived severity of construction workers utilizing chemical plant construction has a significant effect on self-efficacy and safety consciousness; second, the perceived probability of construction workers utilizing chemical plant construction has a significant effect on self-efficacy and safety consciousness. Third, the perceived obstacles of construction workers utilizing chemical plant construction have a significant effect on self-efficacy and safety consciousness. Fourth, the perceived benefits of construction workers utilizing chemical plant construction were found to have a significant effect on self-efficacy and safety awareness. The purpose of this study is to reduce critical accidents through disaster prevention behavior of chemical plant construction workers through TBM.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.269-281
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to build a model to predict the fall prevention behavior of nurses in small and medium sized hospitals. Methods: Participants were 382 nurses from 13 hospitals who responded to the structured self-reported questionnaire. The research model was based on previous study of fall prevention, theory of planned behavior, and the health belief model. Results: The modified model generally showed higher levels than recommended level of model fit indices and acceptable explanation. Of 17 hypothetical paths, 14 were supported. Predicting variables explained 51.6% of fall prevention behavior. The fall prevention behavior of nurses showed a direct influence of fall prevention expectations, fall prevent threats, perceived behavioral control for fall prevention, and intention to prevent falls and an indirect of influence of patient safety culture, attitude toward fall prevention, and the subjective norm. Conclusion: Findings show a need to identify a range of barrier factors to increase the benefits of fall prevention behavior and enhance the perceived control of fall prevention so that nurses will be able to promote fall prevention behavior in hospitals. Also, it is critical to increase awareness of patient safety culture among nurses.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

School Crime Prevention Throgh Environmental Design (CPTED) is in the process of building a design guide through a lot of research. However, it is common practice to conduct consulting through existing cases and utilize internal self-evaluation through similar projects, as the self-evaluation criteria are not open to public or unlike other certifications. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the development of a more quantitative and objective practical manual by analyzing the evaluation elements of school crime prevention environment design provided by guidelines and guidelines of various organizations and local autonomous bodies involved in school design. As a result of quantifying the school facilities CPTED indicators so far and incorporating the current guidelines, 'Surveillance and access control' of 'Entrance space and parking space' is found to be main. If the various indicators presented above are applied in consideration of the specificity of the school facilities in the application of the school CPTED technique, in addition to the CPTED for physically preventing offenses committed by outsiders, it can be expected to prevent violence among students or social crimes in school education.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.372-384
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the educational status and needs of premature birth prevention, and to identify factors associated with preconception health behaviors. Methods: The study design was a crosssectional descriptive study. Data were collected through an online questionnaire survey, and the subjects were 192 women of childbearing age in Korea. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results: The proportion of subjects who received education on premature birth prevention was 8.9%, and 75.5% of subjects answered that they needed education on premature birth prevention. They demanded education through online media, small groups, cases, cartoons (webtoon) with stories, pictures, and videos. A related factor of preconception health behavior was self-efficacy for high-risk pregnancy health care (β=.20, p=.012), which accounted for 8.2% of the total variance related to preconception health behavior. Conclusion: There was a need for more development of education programs to prevent premature birth for women of childbearing age. Its education programs should be applied with online, small group activities using various educational media. It is also required to promote preconception health behavior through self-efficacy for high-risk pregnancy health care.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4521-4524
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• 2012

Object: In the present study, we compared the positive cytodiagnostic test rates with discrepancies using self-collection devices for cervical cancer screening. We made this survey to examine whether or not our self-smear preparation method using the Kato self-collection device contributed to an improved rate of detecting atypical cells compared with existing recommended preparation methods. Methods: Specimens were collected at 14 facilities handling self-collection methods, and samples were collected by a physician in 2 facilities. The chisquared test was performed using the SPSS ver. 20 statistical software to determine the relationships between the positive cytodiagnostic rate, specimen preparation methods, and self-collection devices. Results: Collecting cells using the Kato self-collection device and preparing liquid-based specimens, we obtained a significantly higher rate of positive cytodiagnosis and our results were equal to those obtained with the direct method. Conclusions: Taking into consideration increased needs for screening using the self-collection method in future, with even more improved test accuracy, a screening test that is acceptable to society needs to be established.