• Title/Summary/Keyword: selenium(Se)

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Effects of Selenium Application Dosage and Methods on Selenium and Mineral Contents in Garlic (셀레니움 처리농도와 방법이 마늘의 셀레니움과 무기성분 함량에 미치는 영향)

  • Hwang, Jae Moon;Lee, Mi-Gyung;Ha, Hyun Tae
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.465-470
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    • 2001
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effect of application dosage and methods of selenium (Se) on mineral contents in garlic. The content of Se was higher in upland than paddy fields. Application of higher dosage of Se salt increased higher content of Se in leaf sheath and bulb of garlic. Se was detected also in the non-treated plot but its amount was negligible. Absorption of Se in garlic was higher when Se was applied in the form of sodium selenate. Foliar application of sodium selenate enriched Se content in garlic as compared with the soil dressing. However, Se content in garlic fluctuated depending on growing conditions. Se content of garlic grown on the artificial soil (vermiculite and commercial soil) in the plastic house was higher than the garlic grown in the paddy field. The growth of garlic was not affected by types, dosage and application methods of selenium. Mineral contents in garlic such as Mg, S and K were higher in the selenium treatment than control. However, this trend was not evident according to dosages of selenium fertilizers.

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The Effects of Alisma canaliculatum Butanol Fraction with Selenium on Glycogen Level, Lipid Metabolism and Lipid Peroxidation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats (택사 Butanol 분획물과 Selenium 보충이 당뇨 흰쥐의 글리코겐 함량, 지질대사 및 지질과산화에 미치는 영향)

  • 최성숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of butanol (BuOH) fraction of Alisma canaliculatum (Ac) and/or selenium (Se) treatment on glycogen level, lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of the five groups: normal, STZ-control, and three experimental groups (Ac group, Ac-Se group, and Se group). Diabetes was experimentally induced by intravenous administration of 45 mg/kg of STZ in citrate buffer. The BuOH fraction of Ac (400 mg/kg bw) was orally administered for 3 weeks. The Se group were fed a AIN-93 recommended diet mixed with Na$_2$SeO$_3$ (2 mg/kg diet). The liver glycogen level of Ac and Ac-Se groups were significantly higher, when compared with the STZ-control groups. The muscle glycogen level was not significantly differ among all groups. The levels of liver triglyceride were higher in Ac-Se group than the STZ-control group. Pancreas protein levels were significantly increased in Ac-Se group than STZ-control group. The concentration of liver malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly decreased in Ac and Se groups and decreased in Ac-Se group. Administration of BuOH fraction of Alisma canaliculatum and selenium supplementation increased the liver glycogen and triglyceride levels, and reduced peroxidative liver damage in STZ induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that treatment with a BuOH fraction of Alisma canaliculatum in combination with selenium has no synergistic antioxidative effect. Selenium supplementation may lead a decrease MDA of liver in diabetic rats.

Interfacial Properties of a-Se Thick Films to Solve Charge Trap and Injection Problems (전하 트랩 및 주입 문제를 해결하기 위한 비정질 셀레늄 필름의 계면 특성)

  • 조진욱;최장용;박창희;김재형;이형원;남상희;서대식
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.497-500
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    • 2001
  • Due to their better photosensitivity in X-ray, the amorphous selenium based photoreceptor is widely used on the X-ray conversion materials. It was possible to control the charge carrier transport of amorphous selenium by suitably alloying a-Se with other elements(e,g. As, Cl). The charge transport properties of amorphous Selenium is decided on hole which is induced from metal to selenium in metal-selenium junction and which is transferred in a-Se bulk. This phenomenon is resulted of changing electric field owing to increasing of space charge by deep trap of a-Se bulk. In this paper, We dopped the chlorine to compensate deep hole trap and deposited blocking layer using dielectric material to prevent from increasing space charge for injection charge between metal electrode and a-Se layer. We compared space charge and the decreasing of trap density through measuring dark and photo current.

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High-Efficiency ITO/Se Solar Cells (Se 태양전지(太陽電池)의 고효율화(高效率化)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Tae-Seoung
    • Solar Energy
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 1987
  • Indium-Tin-Oxide (ITO)/Selenium heterojunction solar cells which fabricated by vacuum deposition technique and annealing process has been investigated. Prior to the Selenium deposition, a thin tellurium layer (about $10{\AA}$) was deposited onto the ITO layers to provide a sufficient mechanical bond between the Oxide and Selenium layers. The amorphous Selenium layer was deposited onto the Te-ITO layers, and then the crystallization of the amorphous Selenium was carried out using a hot plate at about $180^{\circ}C$ for 4 min. Efficient Selenium solar cells with conversion efficiency as high as 4.52% under AM1 condition has been fabricated in polycrystalline Selenium layer ($6{\mu}m$). The optimum data in manufacturing Se solar cell was listed in table.

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Effects of Dietary Vitamin E and Selenium Supplementation on Meat Color Stability of Hanwoo(Korean Native Cattle) Bull Beef during Retail Display (Vitamin E와 Selenium의 급여가 비거세우육의 진열저장중 육색 안정성에 미치는 영향)

  • 김용선;양성운;김주용;박연수;황환섭
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.108-114
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    • 2002
  • The effects of dietary vitamin E and selenium(Se) supplementation on meat color stability in M. Longissimus of Hanwoo(Korean native cattle) bull beef during retail display(5$^{\circ}C$, 1,200 lux) were investigated. Experimental groups were divided into control(Vit E 27 IU/head/day, Se 0.09 mg/head/day), Vit E (2,500 IU/head/day), Se(20 mg/head/day), Vit E+Se(Vit E 2,500 IU/head/day, Se 20 mg/head/day) groups. CIE a*(redness), chroma(C*) values, oxymyoglobin(%) and R630-R580 were significantly (p<0.05) decreased among the 4 treatment groups during retail display, in particular, those values decreased more rapidly in the control group. The metmyoglobin (%) of 0 day(before storage) was not significantly (p<0.05) different among the 4 treatment groups. However, the rate of metmyoglobin accumulation during storage increased more rapidly in the control group. Therefore, discoloration in the control group was more accelerated compared to the other groups. TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) which represent lipid rancidity was significantly(p<0.05) lower in Se and Vit E+Se groups than in the control and Vit E groups. Reducing ability of 0 day(before storage) was significantly lower in the control group than in the other groups, and it decreased more rapidly in the control group after 3 days of storage. Consequently, Se-supplemented groups(Se and Vit E+Se groups) were more resistant to lipid oxidation than were the control and Vit E groups. The stability of meat color and myoglobin forms(%) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Vit E, Se and Vit E+Se groups than in the control group, but there were no difference among Vit E, Se and Vit E+Se groups.

Selenium in Food Chain and Animal Nutrition: Lessons from Nature -Review-

  • Lyons, M.P.;Papazyan, T.T.;Surai, P.F.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.20 no.7
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    • pp.1135-1155
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    • 2007
  • Selenium is considered to be one of the most controversial trace elements. On the one hand, it is toxic at high doses and there is a great body of information related to environmental issues of Se contamination. On the other hand, Se deficiency is a global problem related to an increased susceptibility to various diseases of animals and humans and decreased productive and reproductive performance of farm animals. Optimisation of Se nutrition of poultry and farm animals will result in increased efficiency of egg, meat and milk production and even more important, will improve quality. From the data presented in the review it is clear that the main lesson which we have to learn from nature is how to use organic selenium in animal and human diets. Selenium-enriched yeast (Sel-Plex) is the result of such a lesson and it is just a matter of time before animal nutrition moves completely from using ineffective sodium selenite to organic selenium. Other lessons from nature will follow. Recent advances in genomics and proteomics, in association with descriptions of new selenoproteins, will be a driving force in reconsidering old approaches related to Se nutrition. Probably 90% of all Se research has been conducted with sodium selenite and we now understand that the natural form of selenium is different. The main advances in Se status assessment and Se requirements were established based on the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), an enzyme which for many years was considered to be the main selenoprotein. Recently it was discovered that it is only one of at least 25 various selenoproteins. Se research and practical applications are developing quickly and they are very exciting and promising.

Effect of Selenium-enriched Bean Sprout and Other Selenium Sources on Productivity and Selenium Concentration in Eggs of Laying Hens

  • Chinrasri, O.;Chantiratikul, P.;Thosaikham, W.;Atiwetin, P.;Chumpawadee, S.;Saenthaweesuk, S.;Chantiratikul, A.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.22 no.12
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    • pp.1661-1666
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    • 2009
  • The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Se-enriched bean sprout, Se-enriched yeast and sodium selenite on productivity, egg quality and egg Se concentrations in laying hens. Using a Completely Randomized Design, 144 Rohman laying hens at 71 weeks of age were divided into four groups. Each group consisted of four replicates and each replicate contained nine hens. The dietary treatments were T1: control diet, T2: control diet plus 0.3 mg Se/kg from sodium selenite, T3: control diet plus 0.3 mg Se/kg from Se-enriched yeast, T4: control diet plus 0.3 mg Se/kg from Se-enriched bean sprout. The results showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in feed intake, egg production and egg quality among treatments. Selenium supplementation from Seenriched yeast and Se-enriched bean sprout markedly increased (p<0.05) egg Se concentration as compared to the control and sodium selenite groups. The results indicated that Se-enriched bean sprout could be used as an alternative Se source in diets of laying hens.

Effect of iron and selenium status on glutathione peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation in rats

  • Lee, Beom-jun;Nam, Sang-yoon;Lee, Yong-soon;Park, Jae-hak
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.679-688
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    • 1999
  • The combined effects of iron and selenium status on glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity, cytochrome P-450 activity, and lipid peroxidation in the liver and intestinal mucosa of rats were investigated. In experiment one, four experimental groups (+Se+Fe, -Se+Fe, +Se++Fe, -Se++Fe) were manipulated for 3 weeks with intramuscular administration of irondextran (++Fe) and/or normal diet (+Fe) and deionized water (-Se) and/or selenium-supplemented deionized water (+Se). In experiment two, 2% dietary carbonyl iron (instead of the parenteral administration) was fed for 3 weeks to rats. Body weight of rats was significantly decreased in both parenterally and orally iron-overloaded groups (p<0.01), regardless of Se supplement. Serum iron was significantly increased in parenterally iron-overloaded groups but it was marginally increased in orally iron-overloaded groups. There was no significant difference in hemoglobin content among experimental groups in either experiment one or two. Total iron in the small intestine, intestinal mucosa, and livers was significantly high in both parenterally and orally iron-overloaded rats, regardless of selenium status. In the liver and intestine, GSHPx activity was significantly higher in all selenium-supplemented groups, compared to Se-deficient groups (p<0.01) and lipid peroxidation was significantly enhanced in both parenterally and orally iron-overloaded groups, compared to iron-adequate groups. There was no significant difference in cytochrome P-450 activity in the livers between groups in both experiment one and two. These results indicated that GSHPx activity in liver and intestinal mucosa was depended on selenium status, regardless of iron status, and iron-overload enhances lipid peroxidation in liver and intestinal mucosa by increasing the tissue iron content.

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The Effect of Alcohol Administration on Selenium Concentration and Cell Morphology of Heat and Liver of Rats Fed with the Different Levels of Selenium and Vitamin E (알코올의 섭취가 식이내 Selenium과 Vitamin E 수준을 달리한 흰쥐의 체내 Selenium 수준과 심장 및 간조직에 미치는 영향)

  • 김갑순;채기수;정승용
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.664-672
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    • 1993
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alcohol administration on selenium concentration and cell morphology in tissurs of rats fed with the different levels of selenium (Se) and vitamin E. Seventy two male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing about 58~62g were divided into 12 groups. The dietary Se levels were 0mg(L-), 0.4mg(C-) and 10mg(H-), and the dietary vitamin E levels were 0mg(-L) and 150mg(-C) per kg diet, respectively. Alcohol-adminstrated groups(--A) received the triple distilled potable water solution containing 10% of ethanol from the 3rd week of experimental periods. The obtained experimental results are summarized as follows. Se concentration in blood and urine made difference in accordance with Se level in diet and tended to be low in alcohol administrated groups. Se concentration in liver and kidney was also directly proportional to the dietary Se level, and it tended to be low in each alcohol group, but Se concentration in kidney tended to be increased by alcohol administration. Myocardium in rats showed lysosome increasing, fat droplet, mitochondrial swelling, and in particular, bad intracellular edema, in H-group fed with high Se and in L-group with low Se. It also showed such phenomena in the alcohol administrated group. In HC-group fed with excessive Se and normal vitamin E. there appeared no noticeable change in liver tissue. However, in the alcohol administrated HCA-group, there came out fat droplet. Especially, in the alcohol administrated LLA-group, not fed with sufficient Se and vitamin, E, there were found lysosome increasing and a number of fat droplet.

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Hg(0) Removal Using Se(0)-doped Montmorillonite from Selenite(IV)

  • Lee, Joo-Youp;Kim, Yong Jin
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.34 no.12
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    • pp.3767-3770
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    • 2013
  • Potassium methylselenite ($KSeO_2(OCH_3)$) was reduced to elemental selenium, Se(0), and then doped onto montmorillonite K 10 (MK10) clay to examine the interaction between elemental mercury (Hg(0)) vapor and Se(0) in an effort to understand the possible heterogeneous reaction of Hg(0) vapor and Se(0) solid. The clay was used as a cost-effective support material for uniform dispersion of Se(0). The Se(0)-doped MK10 showed an excellent reaction performance with Hg(0) under an inert nitrogen gas at 70 and $140^{\circ}C$ in our lab-scale fixed-bed system. However, the precursor, $KSeO_2(OCH_3)$-doped MK10 showed a negligible reaction performance with Hg(0), suggesting that the oxidation state of selenium plays a key role in the reaction of Hg(0) vapor and selenium compounds.