• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.445-452
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• 2010

Adequate segmentation of target objects from the background plays an important role for the performance of automatic target recognition(ATR) system. This paper presents a new segmentation algorithm using fuzzy thresholding to extract a target. The proposed algorithm consists of two steps. In the first step, the region of interest(ROI) including the target can be automatically selected by the proposed robust method based on the frame difference of each image sensor. In the second step, fuzzy thresholding with a proposed membership function is performed within the only ROI selected in the first step. The proposed membership function is based on the similarity of intensity and the adjacency of target area on each image. Experimental results applied to real CCD/IR images show a good performance and the proposed algorithm is expected to enhance the performance of ATR system using multi-sensors.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.657-662
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• 2006

Identification of accessible sites in targeted RNAs is a major limitation to the effectiveness of antisense oligonucleotides. A class of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, known as the “10-23” DNA enzyme or DNAzyme, which is a small catalytic DNA, has been shown to efficiently cleave target RNA at purine-pyrimidine junctions in vitro. We have designed a strategy to identify accessible cleavage sites in the target RNA, which is hepatitis C virus nonstructural gene 3 (HCV NS3) RNA that encodes viral helicase and protease, from a pool of random DNAzyme library. A pool of DNAzymes of 58 nucleotides-length that possess randomized annealing arms, catalytic core sequence, and fixed 5'/3'-end flanking sequences was designed and screened for their ability to cleave the target RNA. The screening procedure, which includes binding of DNAzyme pool to the target RNA under inactive condition, selection and amplification of active DNAzymes, incubation of the selected DNAzymes with the target RNA, and target site identification on sequencing gels, identified 16 potential cleavage sites in the target RNA. Corresponding DNAzymes were constructed for the selected target sites and were tested for RNA-cleavage in terms of kinetics and accessibility. These selected DNAzymes were effective in cleaving the target RNA in the presence of $Mg^{2+}$. This strategy can be applicable to identify accessible sites in any target RNA for antisense oligonucleotides-based gene inactivation methods.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2002

Two experiments were performed to explore the effects of the types of property and the tasks on the pattern of property inference in a source selection task in which the source objects were to be selected. animals that were globally similar to the target animal was selected as possible sources when the target properties were anatomical. However animals that were strongly associated with the target property were selected when the target properties were about ability In a passive inference task where premises were given. the global similarity between the source objects and the target object differently affected the confidence of the conclusion depending on the types of the target property: The similarity between the source and the target affected the degree of confidence when the target properties were anatomical ones, but did not affect when the target properties were about ability. The results suggested that participants seemed to have primitive understanding of the relevance of sources to the target properties, but did not. spontaneously seek or use the relevant information.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.115-128
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• 2022

One common method to select input ground motions to predict dynamic behavior of structures subjected to seismic excitation requires spectral acceleration (S_a) match target mean response spectrum. However, dispersion of ground motions, which explicitly affects the structural response, is rarely discussed in this method. Generally, selecting ground motions matching target mean and variance has been utilized as an appropriate method to predict reliable seismic response. The goal of this paper is to investigate the impact of target spectra variance of ground motions on structural seismic response. Two sets of ground motions with different target variances (zero variance and minimum variance larger than inherent variance of the target spectrum) are selected as input to two different structures. Structural responses at different heights are compared, in terms of peak, mean and dispersion. Results show that increase of target spectra variance tends to increase peak floor acceleration, peak deformation and dispersions of response of interest remarkably. To short-period structures, dispersion increase ratios of seismic response are close to that of S_a of input ground motions at the first period. To long-period structures, dispersions of floor acceleration and floor response spectra increase more significantly at the bottom, while dispersion increase ratios of IDR and deformation are close to that of S_a of input ground motions at the first period. This study could further provide useful information on selecting appropriate ground motion to predict seismic behavior of different types of structures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.244-245
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• 2021

Design VE (Value Engineering) has been basic design and implementation design separately, but due to the recent change in guidelines, it is changing to implement only once in the implementation design stage. However, in the implementation design stage, construction costs, plans, and specifications based on the volume details are almost completed. Therefore, it is effective to perform the function analysis step after identifying information analysis and key issues through CostModeling based on functional center for the selected target in the process of implementing the VE performance procedure.

• Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.304-315
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• 2018

Located in Gimhae, Hwapo is the biggest riverine wetland in the province of Gyeongsangsam-do, Korea, and is a major habitat for various species. However, it is suspected that various pollutants enter the wetlands from agricultural and industrial areas. This study identifies major organic pollutants in this wetland and their sources using high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry during one summer season. Forty-five substances were selected for quantitative analysis using target screening, and other non-selected compounds were screened using suspect and non-target screening methods. The results were that 21 and 17 targeted substances were detected in July and August, respectively. Major pollutants in July and August were oxadiazon (July: 17-220 ng/L, August: 66-460 ng/L), carbendazim (July: 10-110 ng/L, August: 64-520 ng/L), caffeine (July: 33-1,100 ng/L, August: 56-580 ng/L), and niflumic acid (July: 23-75 ng/L, August: 42-290 ng/L). Sampling sites S4 in July and S2 in August were the major inflow points. Ten substances (tricyclazole, hexaconazole, diuron, fexofenadine, irbesartan, simetryn, cimetidine, valsartan, tebuconazole, and benzotriazole) and four metabolites (valsartan acid, azoxystrobin acid, TEB_M324c, and 2-aminobenzimidazole) were tentatively identified through suspect and non-target screening, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2012

Measures against non-point sources pollution in Saemangeum watershed should be established to control water quality of Saemangeum lake, because non-point sources pollution discharge portions of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) and TP (Total Phosphorous) in the watershed were 68.4 and 61.4%, respectively. In this study, target regions for the non-point sources pollution control were selected to apply BMP (Best Management Practices) for the agricultural area of Saemanguem watershed in terms of TP that caused eutrophication at the lake. Target regions were selected by the NPSI (Non-point source index) that was calculated by the total 12 indexes at the steps of non-point source production, emission and outflow. Weights of the indexes were determined by the watershed management experts oriented AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis. The target region was selected at the unit of Korean basic administrative district 'Dong/Li'. At the results of NPSI calculations through the GIS (Geographical Information System) tools, two sets of 5 regions were selected in the Man-kyung River and Dong-gin River. The main reason for the selected target regions was livestock activity in the district. The results of this study can be useful for implementing the reduction projects of agricultural non-point sources pollution to control water quality in Saemangeum lake.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.10
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• pp.1826-1835
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• 2007

In this paper, we present a new approach for automatic detection and tracking for multiple targets. We combine a highest probability data association(HPDA) algorithm for target detection with a particle filter for multiple target tracking. The proposed approach evaluates the probabilities of one-to-one assignments of measurement-to-track and the measurement with the highest probability is selected to be target- originated, and the measurement is used for probabilistic weight update of particle filtering. The performance of the proposed algorithm for target tracking in clutter is compared with the existing clustering algorithm and the sequential monte carlo method for probability hypothesis density(SMC PHD) algorithm for multi-target detection and tracking. Computer simulation studies demonstrate that the HPDA algorithm is robust in performing automatic detection and tracking for multiple targets even though the environment is hostile in terms of high clutter density and low target detection probability.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 1996

Vehicle occupant exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) continues to be the subject of active research because of higher levels of VOCs in vehicles than in the surrounding ambient atmosphere and because of potential health risk. This study identified in-auto and in-bus exposures to 6 selected aromatic VOCs during rush-hour driving. A bus service route was selected to include an urban route (Taegu) and a suburban route (Hayang-Up) to satisfy the specified criteria of this study. The most abundant VOC concentration measured in this study was toluene. In-vehicle target Voc concentrations of the urban route were significantly different from those of the suburban segment. On the sum of average of the target VOCs, in-auto VOC concentration was about 1.5 times higher than in-bus VOC concentration. Based on the sum of average, in-automobile target VOC concentrations of this study were within the range of previous studies conducted in several cities of the United States, while in-bus VOC concentrations of this study were much lower than those of Taipei in Taiwan. In-vehicle VOC concentrations of present study significantly varied with sampling days, while they did not varied with driving period.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.363-363
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• 2000

The conventional algorithms which identify and follow a moving target using a camera located at a fixed position are not appropriate for applying to the cases o( using mobile robots, due to their long processing time. This paper proposes a new tracking algorithm based on the sensing system which uses a line light with a single camera. The algorithm categirizes the motion patterns of a pair of mobile objects into parallel, branching, and merging motion, to decide of which objects the trajectories should be calculated to follow the reference object. Kalman Filter is used to estimate the trajectories of selected objects. The proposed algorithm has shown in the experiments that the mobile robot does not miss the target in most cases.