• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.1-12
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• 2009

This research was initiated to investigate the revegetation characteristics under the seeding amount treatments of cool-season turfgrasses on the disturbed slope. 4 different seeding amounts of cool-season turfgrasses (0.0 $g/m^2$, 1.5 $g/m^2$, 3.0 $g/m^2$, 6.0 $g/m^2$) with the same seeding amounts of native woody (Rhus chinensis, Albizzia julibrissin) and herbaceous plants (Lotus corniculatus var. japonicus, Dianthus sinensis, Aster yomena) were treated with 3 replications on the experimental disturbed slope. Data such as soil hardness (mm), moisture content (%), surface coverage rate (%), the number of each germinating plant and plant height were analyzed. There were no statistic differences observed in the soil hardness and the soil moisture content while a significant difference was observed in the surface coverage rates. The surface coverage rates were higher in 3.0 $g/m^2$ and 6.0 $g/m^2$ plots compared to the rest two plots of cool-season turfgrasses. However, the emergence of native woody and herbaceous plants was relatively low in 3.0 $g/m^2$ and 6.0 $g/m^2$ plots of high seeding amounts of cool-season turfgrasses. This result indicated that high seeding amounts of cool-season turfgrasses could decrease the emergence of native woody and herbaceous plants. We concluded that 1.5 g~3.0 $g/m^2$ seeding amounts of cool-season turfgrasses was optimum level for the balanced emergence of cool-season turfgrasses, native woody and herbaceous plants in the viewpoint of the ecological disturbed slope revegetation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.228-234
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• 1993

Seedling emergence of 15 rice varieties (Gayabyeo, Chilseongbyeo, Samgangbyeo, Yeongsanbyeo, Yeongdeugbyeo, Hwajinbyeo, Palgongbyeo, Seomjinbyeo, Tamjinbyeo, Milyang 95, M 101, M 202, Newbonnet, Tebonnet, and Lemont) were tested at different soil moisture regimes and seeding depths. Submergence for four days immediately after seeding did not reduce emergence rate in all varieties. Under the flooded condition, the percentage of emergence of all varieties at 1.5cm seeding depth ranged 0～40%, it is much lower compared to uncovered control, and percentage of seedling survival ranged 0～24% due to death of some emerged seedlings. Under the field condition, one time flooding up to 10cm above the soil surface after seeding did not reduce the percent emergence of seedlings. The pF value of soil was 0 for few days after flooding or raining and Eh of soil ranged 443-453m V.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.374-378
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• 2002

To evaluate growth habits, fresh pod yield potential, and possibility of early and late seeding, seeding dates were extended from March 21 to June 20 by PE mulching and non-mulching. Soil temperature, under 5cm from surface, above 15$^{\circ}C$ at 10 a.m. in early seeding reached about March 25 in mulching and April 5 to April 12 in non-mulching. Days to emergence and first flowering were accelerated owing to increasing temperature, as seeding was delayed. Days to emergence according to seeding dates reduced 21 to 8 day in mulching and 33 to 10 day in non-mulching. Days to flowering were ranged from 51 to 26 day in mulching and from 69 to 32 day in non-mulching and differences between mulching and non-mulching on each seeding date had 18 to 4 days. Early seedings till April 21 had 160-170 flowers per plant for 8 weeks, while late seedings from May 21 increased more speedily with 200 flower for 6 weeks. Harvesting of fresh peanut, at 80 days after first flowering, was possible from Aug. 1 to Oct. 7 (133-108 days to harvest) by mulching and from Aug. 19 to Oct. 12 (151 to 114 days) by non-mulching. Yields between mulching and non-mulching in early seeding until April 21 had more difference, but in late seeding after May 21 was higher and showed insignificance. Pod setting periods by early and late seeding were about 3 weeks equally. In late seeding pod setting were almost concentrated for front 15 days. In spite of difference of fresh pod weight between two seeding times, the distributions of average of seed weight showed nearly same tendency.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.366-369
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine the effect of seeding date on the days and the accumulated temperatures to development stages, leaf emergence, and yield in spring-planted barley. Two barley varieties, Sacheon #6 in spring type (growth habit I) and Saechalssalbori in winter type (growth habit IV), were seeded on four seeding date, Feb. 23, March 4, March 13, and March 24. Growth periods to emergence, heading and maturity were shorten when seeding dates were delayed, except for the heading date of Saechalssalbori (winter type barley)at the later seeding date. The rate of leaf emergence was 0.1915 in a day, and was slightly high when seeding was delayed. The accumulated temperatures were 111-142$^{\circ}C$ for emergence, 683-756$^{\circ}C$ for heading, and 1274-1326$^{\circ}C$ for maturity. In general, the accumulated temperature to heading was higher in Saechalssalbori than in Sacheon #6 because the winter growth habit of Saechalssalbori was not removed perfectly, One-thousand grain weight and yield were reduced by delayed seeding. In order to reduce the yield when barley were planted in spying, it is desirable to select the spring type varieties, and to plant them as early as possible.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.359-365
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• 1994

A oat (Avena sativa) cultivar, 'Guiri 16', was seeded on Oct. 9, Oct. 24, Nov. 9, Nov. 24, Dec. 9 of 1991 and 1992 to determine usefulness of growing degree days (GDD) for predicting growth duration and the optimum seeding date of oats for grains in Cheju province. The later the seeding, the greater the number of days to emergence but the fewer the number of days to heading and maturity. As seeding was delayed, accumulated GDD from seeding to emergence generally tended to decrease but was less subjective to a constant downward tend over seeding date than the number of days. Accumulated GDD from emergence ot heading decreased with delaying seeding and accumulated GDD from heading to maturity decreased as seeding was delayed up to Nov. 24. As seeding was delayed from Oct. 9 to Dec. 9, to Dec. 9, leaf area index at heading decreased from 7.7 to 5.1 and dry matter yield at maturity from 1920 to 823 kg /10a in 1992-1993, and culm length 120 to 89cm on an average of 1991-1992 and 1992-1993. While the number of grains per panicle and test weight were not affected by seeding date in 1991-1992 and 1992-1993, the number of panicles per m$^2$ and grain yield were decreased when oats were seeded earlier or later than Nov. 9. 1000 grain weight was not affected by seeding date in 1991-1992 but greatest at Nov. 9 seeding in 1992-1993. The results indicate that optimum seeding date of oats in Cheju province would be early November. November.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.295-301
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• 1996

This study was carried out to clarify the effect of sprout length, burried depth of seed and CaO$_2$ seed coating on emergence, seedling stand and early growth of rice in puddled-soil drill seeding at Junbuk in 1995. The cultivar tested was Dongjinbyeo(Japonica type). Although the longer sprouted seeds were caused the better seedling stand, 4mm sprout length of seeds appeared to be appropriate for good seedling stand and seeding uniformity, while 6mm sprouted seed resulted in ununiform seedling establishment. Rapid emergence and increased seedling stand were obtained by CaO$_2$ seed coating, which had effect more on soaked seed than on sprouted seed, but the seedling stand of sprouted seeds significantly reduced at deeper than 1cm seeding depth and also emergence rate of sprouted seeds significantly reduced at deeper than 2cm seeding depth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.129-129
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• 2022

The production area of Italian ryegrass feed is gradually increasing and labor-saving technologies are being developed. If sowing and fertilization are carried out agricultural drones, working hours and labor are reduced. The purpose of this study is to suggest an appropriate seedling amount for feed production by drone spreading of Italian ryegrass in spring. In addition, we would like to review the productivity of the drone seeding machine that is being developed by Rural Development Administration(RDA) of Korea. Italian ryegrass was sown by a drone in February at the NICS located in Gyehwa-hwa, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea. In Experiment 1, 50kg/ha, 60, 70, and 80 seeding rates were sown with a horizontal spreader drone. In Experiment 2, uniform spreaders type drone and horizontal spreader type were sown with the same seeding amount and compared. The drone was sown using the AF-52 aircraft. The higher the seeding amount, the higher the emergence rate. As the seeding amount increased, the plant length increased, but the number of tillers per individual decreased. The dry matter weight of the feed was the highest at 1,326kg/10a at the seeding rate of 70kg/ha, and decreased by 20.5% at the seeding rate of 80kg/ha. The coverage ratio was the highest at 96 at the seeding rate of 70kg/ha, which was the most advantageous for spring sowing. In the comparative experiment according to the spreader type, the uniform spreader had a high emergence rate per unit area. When the uniform spreader was used, the dry matter weight of the feed was 17% higher than that of the horizontal one, and the coverage was about 5% higher.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.506-513
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• 1992

Several experiments were conducted to classify the variablity of field emergence rate among the major soybean(Glycine max. (L) Merril) cultivars. The results obtained are summerized as follows. The speed of emergence is highly correlated with diameter of hypocotyl. As increasing the seed depth, emergence percentage of small seed is higher than that of large seed, and emergence of large seed at seeding depth 5cm is higher than that of small seed, at seeding depth 7cm. Emergence percentage in clay, clay : sand :(1 : 1), sand : vermiculite(1 : 1), clay : (1 : 1), sand, vermiculite are 65, 80, 84, 89, 90 and 91%, respectively. As the soil water potential was decreasing from-0.1 to-0.5 bar, emergence percentage is increasing. The highest emergence percentage was shown at -0.5 bar, and the lowest emergence percentage at -0.7 bar.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 1988

The effects of standing water and cultivation frequency on emergence of Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex. Hook were determined at varied seeding methods under simulated field conditions for 4 months. In soil-incorporated seeding method total emergence for 4 months was highest in saturated condition followed by 4, 2, and 8cm standing water, whereas total emergence of seeds sown at the soil surface was highest at 2cm standing water followed by 4cm, saturated soil, and 8cm standing water. Within 2 weeks the emergence was highest at 4cm and lowest at 2cm standing water with the soil-incorporated seeding, but the seeds sown at the soil surface with 2cm standing water resulted in the highest emergence. Ratio of emergence within 2 weeks over total emergence during 4 months was lowest at 2cm standing water in the soil incorporation, indication that 2cm standing water would be the critical water level for E. glabrescens. Since most of the seedling was emerged within 2 weeks just before cultivation, the emergence pattern was little affected by cultivation at each standing water level.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.437-443
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• 1994

Appearance characteristics based on the daily mean air temperature (DMAT) were evaluated to obtain the fundamental data for the safety of dry-seeded rice under the local climatic conditions. The climatic data of 56 meteorological stations throughout Korea were applied for determination of the effective standard temperature at the emergence. The first appearance date at the DMAT 1$0^{\circ}C$ was found to be 20~30 days (standard deviation: 5~7 days) for year fluctuation and 4\geq$30 days for regional change in Pusan and Taegwallyong. Mean appearance date of it, also, was 10 days earlier than that of its 80% chance. Seeding date at the early critical seedling emergence was April 11 for Suwon, March 31 for Kwangju, April 1 for Taegu and April 7 for Kangnung.