• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.712-721
• /
• 2016

This experiment was conducted to investigate the endophytic bacterium Herbaspirillum spp effect on seed germination and sprout growth of tartary buckwheat. Inoculant concentration (%v/v) and seed soaking time were applied 10, 20 and 40% and 0, 4, 8, 12 hour, respectively. The experiment was carried out in a growth chamber maintained temperature at 20, 25 and $30^{\circ}C$ without light for 7 days. Results showed that, 10 to 20% (v/v) inoculant concentration by 4 to 8 h seed soaking time at $20^{\circ}C$ temperature increased seed vigor rate and total seed germination rate 80-95% and 90-100%, respectively. On the other and, seed inoculation with Herbaspirillum spp. increased hypocotyl length (13-15 cm), root length (8-11 cm), total fresh weight (135-296 g) and total dry weight (7-10 g), compared to control. It is indicated that sprouts growth and yield depends on inoculation concentrations, seed soaking time and temperature. Therefore, it would be suggested that seed inoculation with Herbaspirillum spp. at concentration of 10 to 20% (v/v), soaking time 4 to 8 h and temperature $20^{\circ}C$ promote seed germinations and sprout growth rate of tartary buckwheat.

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.12-17
• /
• 2002

여수산업단지 같은 대기오염지역에서 채취한 사방오리나무의 질소고정 뿌리혹의 접종 효과를 보기 위해서 오염에 대해서 저항성 개체와 민감한 개체를 선발하고 종자를 채취한 후 파종을 하고 발아한 후 3주 후의 유묘를 같은 지역에서 채취한 뿌리혹으로 12개의 조합으로 접종을 하였다. 접종효과를 비교하기 위해서 광합성 능력을 측정하였다. 대기오염에 대해 저항성을 보이는 모수에서 채취한 종자가 민감한 개체에서 채취한 것보다 광합성 능력이 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 대기오염에 민감한 모수에서 채취한 뿌리혹으로 접종한 조합이 일반적으로 생리활성이 낮았다. 그러나 접종효과는 뿌리혹을 채취한 모수보다는 종자를 채취한 모수가 어떤 상태인가에 따라서 광합성 능력이 더 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 그렇기 때문에 생리적인 특성에 대한 영향은 뿌리혹을 채취한 모수보다는 종자의 모수가 더 중요한 요인 같다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2014

Fusarium head blight (FHB; scab) caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum is a devastating disease of wheat and barley around the world. FHB causes yield reductions and contamination of grain with trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) which are a major health concern for humans and animals. The objective of this research was to develop an easy seed or seedling inoculation assay, and to compare these assays with whole plant resistance of twenty-nine Korean winter wheat cultivars to FHB. The clip-dipping assay consists of cutting off the coleoptiles apex, dipping the coleoptiles apex in conidial suspension, covering in plastic bag for 3 days, and measuring the lengths of lesions 7 days after inoculation. There were significant cultivar differences after inoculation with F. graminearum in seedling relative to the controls. Correlation coefficients between the lesion lengths of clip-dipping inoculation and FHB Type II resistance from adult plants were significant (r=0.45; P<0.05). Results from two other seedling inoculation methods, spraying and pin-point inoculation, were not correlated with adult FHB resistance. Single linear correlation was not significant between seed germination assays (soaking and soak-dry) and FHB resistance (Type I and Type II), respectively. These results showed that clip-dipping inoculation method using F. graminearum may offer a real possibility of simple, rapid, and reliable for the early screening of FHB resistance in wheat.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.90-93
• /
• 2006

Innate defence mechanism in plants can be triggered and enhanced by certain agents, referred as inducers against broad range of pathogens. In the present study, Dravya (a sea weed extract) was highly compatible with commonly available synthetic fungicides, Bavistin and Dithane M-45. Incidence of Alternaria padwickii and Bipolaris oryzae was also reduced to a greater extent in the paddy seed samples in Dravya treatment. Dravya also enhanced the seed germination and seedling vigour. Seedlings of treated samples also showed enhanced activity of peroxidase upon challenge inoculation with Alternaria padwickii. The enzyme activity was two fold high after the inoculation of pathogen. The suppression in disease incidence in growing plants indicated the promising effect of Dravya and Dithane M-45 under green-house condition.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.527-533
• /
• 2006

The response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to dual inoculation with Rhizobium (R) and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) was studied on spore abundance and colonization of AM, nodulation, growth, yield attributes and yield. In all the parameters of the crop the performance of Rhizobium inoculant alone was superior to control. Dual inoculation with Rhizobium and AM in presence of P performed the best in recording number of spore $100g^{-1}$ rhizosphere soil and root colonization, number and dry weight of nodule, dry weights of shoot and root, number of pod $plant^{-1}$, number of seed $pod^{-1}$, seed and stover yields of chickpea. The maximum seed yield of 3.33 g $plant^{-1}$ was obtained by inoculating chickpea plants with Rhizobium and AM in association with P. From the view point of nodulation, growth, yield attributes and yield of chickpea, dual inoculation with Rhizobium and AM along with P was considered to be the balanced combination of nutrients for achieving the highest output from cultivation of chickpea in Shallow Red Brown Terrace Soil of Bangladesh.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제57권2호
• /
• pp.153-157
• /
• 2014

Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria can affect plant growth by various direct and indirect mechanisms. This study was conducted to determine the ability of some rhizobacterial strains to enhance the seed germination of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) and Raphanus sativus (radish). Seeds were inoculated using a spore suspension ($1{\times}10^7cfumL^{-1}$) and incubated in a growth chamber at $28^{\circ}C$ under dark conditions and 65% RH. Azotobacter chroococcum and LAP mix inoculation increased the plumule length of L. sativa by 1.3, 0.8, and 0.7 cm, respectively, in comparison to the uninoculated control. Pseudomonas putida showed an increase of only 0.6 cm in plumule length when compared to the control. Inoculation of A. chroococcum, P. putida, and LAP mix enhanced the seed germination rate of R. sativus, by 10, 5, and 30%, respectively, in comparison with the uninoculated seeds. The results demonstrated that the inoculation of seeds by select rhizobacterial strains showed remarkable enhancement to the radicle length of lettuce and radish seedlings.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.299-305
• /
• 2010

A half-sib family of two 4-year-old seedlings of Pinus $\times$ rigitaeda was inoculated with each of 20 Pinus thunbergii isolates of Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini) from two pitch canker damaged sites in Jeju Island, South Korea. Initial symptoms of needle damages were visible on most of the seedlings at 18 days after inoculation. The 20 tested isolates were not significantly different in virulence, based on lesion lengths at the site of inoculation (P = 0.217). The most virulent isolate FT-7 showed the longest lesion length. Some seedlings began to die 46 days after inoculation. All seedlings were dead by 68 days after inoculation except two seedlings inoculated with each of isolates FS-2 and FS-13, respectively. Using the FT-7, 38-year-old 11 P. $\times$ rigitaeda trees, which were survived from a seed orchard severely damaged by pitch canker, were inoculated on branches in the seed orchard in Jeju Island to assess differences in susceptibility to pitch canker. The 11 trees differed significantly (P < 0.001) in susceptibility to F. circinatum based on average lesion lengths measured 56 days after inoculation. It is possible that induced resistance contributed to their capacity to limit lesion development. The susceptibility of natural selection P. $\times$ rigitaeda trees are more likely affected by interaction with F. circinatum rather than environmental conditions.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 1998

음식 쓰레기와 종이류의 혼합퇴비화에서 퇴비 식종 효과는 온도 변화, pH, 이산화탄소 발생량, 암모니아 발생 속도 등으로 판단하여 볼 때 유기성 질소를 비롯한 유기물의 분해를 퇴비화초기 단계에서는 촉진하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 이러한 퇴비식종이 최종적으로 유기물 분해율이나 질소 손실량에는 영향을 주지 않았다. 또한 퇴비를 식종함으로써 초기 고온 단계의 셀룰로스 분해가 촉진되었으며 건조 중량으로 25% 식종은 초기에 충분한 양의 셀룰로스 분해 미생물을 공급하는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 퇴비 식종량이 증가함에 따라 초기 단계의 셀룰로스 분해 효소 활성도가 높았으며, 단시간에 최대값으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 최대 셀룰로스 분해효소의 활성도 유지기간이나 최대값은 대체로 비슷하였다. 또한 최종적인 셀룰로스 분해율도 비슷하여 퇴비 식종효과는 셀룰로스의 빠른 분해에 제한되며, 셀룰로스의 전반적인 분해도 향상에는 기여하지 못하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.256-261
• /
• 2005

The experiment was conducted at the Ban­gabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur to study the response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) to dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza, poultry litter, nitrogen, and phosphorus on spore population and colonization, nodulation, growth, yield attributes, and yield. The performance of Rhizobium inoculant alone was superior to control in all the parameters of the crop studied. Among the treatments dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza in presence of poultry litter performed best in recording number and dry weight of nodules, dry weight of shoots and roots, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, and seed yields of chickpea. The highest seed yield of 3.96g/plant was obtained by inoculating chickpea plants with dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza in association with poultry litter. Treatments receiving dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza in presence of nitrogen and phosphorus, Rhizobium inoculant in presence of nitrogen and phosphorus, and that of arbuscular mycorrhiza in presence of nitrogen and phosphorus were similar as that of treatment receiving dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza in presence of poultry litter. From the view point of nodulation, growth, yield attributes, and yields of chickpea, dual inoculation of Rhizobium inoculant and arbuscular mycorrhiza along with poultry litter was considered to be the balanced combination of nutrients for achieving the maximum output from cultivation of chickpea in Shallow Red Brown Terrace Soil of Bangladesh.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.21-24
• /
• 1970

콩 탄저병에 대한 우수한 종자소독제를 선발하고자 병원균을 종자와 토양접종한 다음 각종소독제에 의한 시험과 조지대에 의한 약효비교시험을 수행하였다. 종자소독제는 Arasan, Orthocide, Phygon-XL, Luberon, Mercuron 및 P.T.A.B등을 공시하였다. Arasan은 모든 시험구에서 가장 효과가 좋았으며 종자접종구에서는 모든 공시 약제의 효과가 현저하였으나 약제간에 유의성이 없었고 토양접종구에석는 루베론을 제외한 약제는 무처리보다 효과가 있었으나 약제간에 유의성은 없었다 조지용법에 의한 시험에서는 약효가 일치되지 않았으나 경향은 비슷하였다.